Corrosion Behavior of AA2055 Aluminum-Lithium Alloys Anodized in the Presence of Sulfuric Acid Solution
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Metallographic Preparation of Samples
2.2. Anodizing Treatment
- Pretreatment:
- ○
- Degreased and Pickling in a 50 wt.% HCl solution (analytical grade reagents (J.T. Baker, Nuevo León, México) for 5 s at 25 °C
- ○
- Rinsed in distilled water
- Anodizing treatment:
- ○
- Bath = 16 wt.% H2SO4 solution (analytical grade reagents (J.T. Baker))
- ○
- Current densities = 0.19 and 1.0 A·cm−2
- ○
- Electrolyte pH = 6.0
- ○
- Time = 45 min
- ○
- Temperature = 25 °C
- Sealing treatment:
- ○
- The anodized specimens were immersed in H2O or in 6 wt.% Na2Cr2O7 solution (analytical grade reagents (J.T. Baker)) at 95 °C for 25 min.
2.3. SEM Characterization
2.4. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy
2.5. XPS Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. SEM Microstructural Analysis
3.2. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Analysis
3.3. XPS Surface Analysis
4. Conclusions
- The results reveal that the EIS technique is a good tool for obtaining detailed information on the influence of sealing and the process on anodized aluminum.
- EIS results show that R2 increase for the sample S3 in presence of the Na2Cr2O7 sealing solution has a higher charge transfer resistance when it has a less homogeneous and less compact layer of anodic oxide.
- The inductive loop present in Nyquist diagrams for all samples indicates species on the surface decreases, adsorption and electrodissolution of the oxide on the AA2055 alloys anodized surface.
- The SEM and EIS results indicated that the formation of a more compact and homogeneous anodic oxide layer is due to an increase in charge transfer resistance (RCT), by preventing Cl− ions ingress into the anodized layer.
- SEM characterization indicated that, in both current densities, the thickness is homogeneous for the oxide films formed on anodized AA2055 aluminum-lithium alloy. The surface micrographs indicated that samples have a heterogeneous surface with bumps, some bright precipitations, and cavity. This may be due to varying the current density and the sealing solutions during the growth of the Al2O3 layer in the H2SO4 bath.
- XPS characterization verified that the surface film of AA2055 alloy in this study consisted of a mixture of chemical compounds, such as Al2O3 and AlO(OH), respectively.
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Alloy | Elements | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cu | Li | Zn | Ag | Mg | Mn | Zr | Fe | Si | Al | |
2055 | 3.2–4.2 | 1.0–1.3 | 0.30–0.70 | 0.20–0.70 | 0.20–0.60 | 0.10–0.50 | 0.05–0.15 | 0.1 max | 0.07 max | Balance |
Alloy | Nomenclature | Sealing Treatment | Anodizing Current Density (A·cm2) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Temperature (°C) | Time (min) | Solution | |||
AA2055 | S1 | – | – | – H2O | 0.19 |
S2 | 95 | – | 1.00 | ||
S3 | – | 25 | – | 0.19 | |
S4 | – | – | 6 wt.% Na2Cr2O7 | 1.00 |
Samples | Rs (Ω·cm2) | R1 (Ω·cm2) | Y1 (µsn1·cm−2) | n1 | R2 (Ω·cm2) | Y2 (µΩsn2·cm−2) | n2 | R3 (Ω·cm2) | Y3 (µΩsn3·cm−2) | n3 | X2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S1 | 4.6490 ± 0.23 | 14.78 ± 0.73 | 19.4996 ± 0.97 | 0.6637 | 128 ± 6.40 | 462.4946 ± 23.12 | 0.9032 | −66.77 ± 3.33 | −0.000275 ± 1.37 × 10−5 | 0.7724 | 9.49 × 10−3 |
S2 | 520.9189 ± 26.04 | 1459 ± 72.95 | 22.1623 ± 1.10 | 0.6725 | 7680 ± 384 | 9.7601 ± 0.48 | 0.7725 | −7452 ± 372.6 | −319.4101 ± 15.97 | 0.7795 | 8.95 × 10−3 |
S3 | 60.9330 ± 3.04 | 4121 ± 206.05 | 0.28 07 ± 0.01 | 0.7961 | 208,920 ± 10,446 | 3.2972 ± 0.16 | 0.5585 | −67,814 ± 3390.7 | −2.0652 ± 0.10 | 0.5788 | 1.65 × 10−2 |
S4 | 20.6851 ± 1.03 | 1770 ± 88.50 | 4.1416 ± 0.20 | 0.6290 | 47,900 ± 2395 | 9.8849 ± 0.49 | 0.6653 | −35,940 ± 1797 | −0.4468 ± 0.02 | 0.5390 | 1.48 × 10−2 |
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Samaniego-Gámez, P.O.; Almeraya-Calderon, F.; Maldonado-Bandala, E.; Cabral-Miramontes, J.; Nieves-Mendoza, D.; Olguin-Coca, J.; Lopez-Leon, L.D.; Silva Vidaurri, L.G.; Zambrano-Robledo, P.; Gaona-Tiburcio, C. Corrosion Behavior of AA2055 Aluminum-Lithium Alloys Anodized in the Presence of Sulfuric Acid Solution. Coatings 2021, 11, 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111278
Samaniego-Gámez PO, Almeraya-Calderon F, Maldonado-Bandala E, Cabral-Miramontes J, Nieves-Mendoza D, Olguin-Coca J, Lopez-Leon LD, Silva Vidaurri LG, Zambrano-Robledo P, Gaona-Tiburcio C. Corrosion Behavior of AA2055 Aluminum-Lithium Alloys Anodized in the Presence of Sulfuric Acid Solution. Coatings. 2021; 11(11):1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111278
Chicago/Turabian StyleSamaniego-Gámez, Pedro Oliver, Facundo Almeraya-Calderon, Erick Maldonado-Bandala, Jose Cabral-Miramontes, Demetrio Nieves-Mendoza, Javier Olguin-Coca, Luis Daimir Lopez-Leon, Luis G. Silva Vidaurri, Patricia Zambrano-Robledo, and Citlalli Gaona-Tiburcio. 2021. "Corrosion Behavior of AA2055 Aluminum-Lithium Alloys Anodized in the Presence of Sulfuric Acid Solution" Coatings 11, no. 11: 1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11111278