Control of Photovoltaic Plants Interconnected via VSC to Improve Power Oscillations in a Power System
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Proposed Methodology
3. Photovoltaic Power Plants
Dynamic Model of a VSC
4. IDA-PBC Method
4.1. Open-Loop Structure
- They are composed of two matrices that contain information on the interconnection between state variables and the energy dissipation properties of the system.
- They have an open-loop passive structure that can be utilized in a closed-loop design via passivity-based control theory.
- They are generally non-linear mathematical formulations that represent dynamical systems which can be derived from the Euler-Lagrange equations.
4.2. Desired Closed-Loop Structure
4.3. Controller Design
4.4. Stability Test of the Controller
5. Test System and Simulation Cases
5.1. Test System
5.2. Simulation Cases
- First case: generator 4 is assumed to be disconnected abruptly.
- Second case: a short circuit on bus 8 for a period of 140 ms is considered.
- Third case: a permanent short circuit three-phase to the ground in the middle of line L-2 is considered. It is also supposed that the protection system operates at 140 ms.
- Fourth case: a load (equivalent to load 5) is considered to be connected abruptly at bus 5.
- Scenario 1: three PV plants with a 10% penetration level are considered. These represent the current power systems that incorporate renewable energy.
- Scenario 2: five PV plants with a penetration level of 30% are assumed in this scenario. These represent an eventual power system with renewable energy inclusion in the short term.
- Scenario 3: nine PV plants with a 50% penetration level are considered. This denotes a feasible situation with a penetration that exceeds the current limits of renewable inclusion.
- Scenario 4: twelve PV plants with an 80% penetration level are considered.
6. Results
6.1. First Case
6.2. Second Case
6.3. Third Case
6.4. Fourth case
6.5. Analysis of the Decrease in Inertia
6.6. Complementary Analysis
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Description | Parameter | Value | Description | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PV system | IDA-PBC | ||||
Nominal power | 0.5 | Damping gain | 0.8 | ||
Primary frequency control | 30 | Damping gain | 0.8 | ||
Primary voltage control | 2 | Damping gain | 0.5 | ||
VSC | Outer Control | ||||
DC-link capacitance | C | 0.1 | Proportional gain | 2 | |
Transformer inductance | L | 0.15 | Integral gain | 0.5 | |
Transformer resistance | 0.015 | ||||
Maximum DC-link voltage | 1.2 | Inner control | |||
Minimum DC-link voltage | 0.8 | Proportional gain | 25 | ||
Current limits | 1.1 | Integral gain | 1.5 |
Generator | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
G1 | G2 | G3 | G4 | |||||
P | V | P | V | P | V | P | V | |
Scenario 1 | 3.42 | 1.00 | 4.00 | 1.01 | 2.70 | 1.01 | 3.30 | 1.01 |
Scenario 2 | 2.53 | 1.00 | 3.27 | 1.01 | 1.97 | 1.01 | 2.57 | 1.01 |
Scenario 3 | 1.82 | 1.00 | 2.55 | 1.01 | 1.25 | 1.01 | 1.85 | 1.01 |
Scenario 4 | 0.7 | 1.00 | 0.8 | 1.01 | 0.8 | 1.01 | 0.65 | 1.01 |
First Case | Second Case | Third Case | Fourth Case | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Scenario 1 | PI | 46.31 | 61.92 | 8.89 | 27.61 | 1.65 | 17.26 | 4.17 | 4.76 |
PBC | 42.68 | 56.04 | 7.09 | 15.55 | 0.92 | 14.63 | 3.36 | 4.36 | |
Scenario 2 | PI | 27.31 | 36.27 | 6.72 | 19.21 | 0.75 | 11.01 | 3.65 | 4.53 |
PBC | 24.86 | 35.98 | 4.55 | 14.29 | 0.58 | 10.64 | 2.86 | 4.27 | |
Scenario 3 | PI | 20.62 | 32.48 | 5.24 | 16.25 | 0.53 | 12.91 | 3.96 | 4.58 |
PBC | 12.01 | 31.59 | 3.78 | 15.89 | 0.42 | 10.06 | 1.92 | 3.68 | |
Scenario 4 | PI | 8.97 | 15.05 | 5.39 | 23.33 | 0.78 | 9.69 | 3.26 | 4.23 |
PBC | 2.57 | 2.76 | 2.27 | 13.37 | 0.38 | 8.12 | 2.47 | 3.57 |
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Medina-Quesada, Á.; Gil-González, W.; Montoya, O.D.; Molina-Cabrera, A.; Hernández, J.C. Control of Photovoltaic Plants Interconnected via VSC to Improve Power Oscillations in a Power System. Electronics 2022, 11, 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111744
Medina-Quesada Á, Gil-González W, Montoya OD, Molina-Cabrera A, Hernández JC. Control of Photovoltaic Plants Interconnected via VSC to Improve Power Oscillations in a Power System. Electronics. 2022; 11(11):1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111744
Chicago/Turabian StyleMedina-Quesada, Ángeles, Walter Gil-González, Oscar Danilo Montoya, Alexander Molina-Cabrera, and Jesus C. Hernández. 2022. "Control of Photovoltaic Plants Interconnected via VSC to Improve Power Oscillations in a Power System" Electronics 11, no. 11: 1744. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics11111744