Evaluation of Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis Prevention Using Tracing Reports in Collaboration between Hospitals and Community Pharmacists
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Overview of Intervention
2.2. Patients Identified and Intervention
2.3. Evaluation of the Usefulness of This Intervention
2.4. Statistical Analysis
2.5. Ethical Considerations
3. Results
3.1. Study Population
3.2. Evaluation of Fracture Risk Factor Scores
3.3. Change in GIOP Guideline Adherence Rate Due to This Intervention
3.4. Classification of Reasons for no Additional Osteoporosis Treatment
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Patient Characteristics | n | Frequency (%) |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
male | 34 | (75.6%) |
female | 11 | (24.4%) |
Age group | ||
<50 years | 5 | (11.1%) |
50–65 years | 8 | (17.8%) |
≥65 years | 32 | (71.1%) |
Clinical department | ||
Urology | 19 | (42.2%) |
Hematology and infectious diseases | 7 | (15.6%) |
General internal medicine | 5 | (11.1%) |
Gastroenterology | 4 | (8.9%) |
Dermatology | 3 | (6.7%) |
Immunology/Endocrinology | 3 | (6.7%) |
Respiratory medicine | 3 | (6.7%) |
Nephrology | 1 | (2.2%) |
GC a type | ||
Prednisolone | 29 | (64.4%) |
Methylprednisolone | 13 | (28.9%) |
Hydrocortisone | 2 | (4.4%) |
Betamethasone | 1 | (2.2%) |
GC dose, mg/day (PSL equivalent) | 5 (1–30) b |
Fracture Risk Factor | Score | n | Frequency (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
History of fracture | |||||
yes | 7 | 6 | (13.3%) | ||
no or unknown | 0 | 39 | (86.7%) | ||
Age group | |||||
<50 years | 0 | 5 | (11.1%) | ||
50–65 years | 2 | 8 | (17.8%) | ||
≥65 years | 4 | 32 | (71.1%) | ||
GC dose category (PSL equivalent in mg/day) | |||||
<5 mg/day | 0 | 10 | (22.2%) | ||
5–7.5 mg/day | 1 | 24 | (53.3%) | ||
≥7.5 mg/day or more | 4 | 11 | (24.4%) | ||
Total score | |||||
3 | 6 | (13.3%) | |||
4 | 9 | (20.0%) | |||
5 | 16 | (35.6%) | |||
6 | 1 | (2.2%) | |||
7 | 2 | (4.4%) | |||
8 | 8 | (17.8%) | |||
10 | 1 | (2.2%) | |||
11 | 1 | (2.2%) | |||
15 | 1 | (2.2%) |
Guideline Adherence | Adherence Rate a (%) | McNemar Test | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Before the intervention | 302 | 45 | 87.0 | p < 0.001 |
After the intervention | 321 | 26 | 92.5 |
Prescription Acceptance | Prescription Acceptance Rate (%) | Fisher’s Exact Test | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | |||
Gender | ||||
male | 15 | 19 | 44.1 | p = 0.736 |
female | 4 | 7 | 36.4 | |
Age group | ||||
<50 years | 2 | 3 | 40.0 | p = 0.645 |
50–65 years | 2 | 6 | 25.0 | |
≥65 years | 15 | 17 | 46.9 | |
GC dose category (PSL equivalent in mg/day) | ||||
<5 mg/day | 3 | 7 | 30.0 | p = 0.613 |
5–7.5 mg/day | 10 | 14 | 41.7 | |
≥7.5 mg/day or more | 6 | 5 | 54.5 | |
History of fracture | ||||
yes | 3 | 3 | 50.0 | p = 0.686 |
no or unknown | 16 | 23 | 41.0 | |
Total | 19 | 26 | 42.2 |
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Ishihara, N.; Yamashita, S.; Seiki, S.; Tsutsui, K.; Kato-Hayashi, H.; Sakurai, S.; Niwa, K.; Kawai, T.; Kai, J.; Suzuki, A.; et al. Evaluation of Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis Prevention Using Tracing Reports in Collaboration between Hospitals and Community Pharmacists. Pharmacy 2024, 12, 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12030080
Ishihara N, Yamashita S, Seiki S, Tsutsui K, Kato-Hayashi H, Sakurai S, Niwa K, Kawai T, Kai J, Suzuki A, et al. Evaluation of Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis Prevention Using Tracing Reports in Collaboration between Hospitals and Community Pharmacists. Pharmacy. 2024; 12(3):80. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12030080
Chicago/Turabian StyleIshihara, Nonoko, Shuji Yamashita, Shizuno Seiki, Keito Tsutsui, Hiroko Kato-Hayashi, Shuji Sakurai, Kyoko Niwa, Takuyoshi Kawai, Junko Kai, Akio Suzuki, and et al. 2024. "Evaluation of Steroid-Induced Osteoporosis Prevention Using Tracing Reports in Collaboration between Hospitals and Community Pharmacists" Pharmacy 12, no. 3: 80. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmacy12030080