Sustainable Forage Production in Crop–Livestock Systems

A special issue of Agronomy (ISSN 2073-4395). This special issue belongs to the section "Grassland and Pasture Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2024 | Viewed by 2144

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
Interests: forage quality; grazing management; forage systems

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Crop and livestock systems have become increasingly specialized, and their lack of diversification has had negative economic, biological and environmental consequences. A viable alternative approach to diversifying agricultural productions is to integrate cash grain cropping with ruminant livestock production. The adoption of an integrated crop–livestock system has the potential to improve the ability of individual farmers to remain viable, enabling them to be competitive in current markets. With integrated crop–livestock systems, it is possible to produce annual grain crops and have remaining forage for animal grazing, which improves the carrying capacity of pastures, increasing food production without the need to further expand property size.

This Special Issue aims to document cutting-edge research studies that are focused on the production of sustainable forage systems, as well as integrated crop and livestock production.

We are seeking high-quality research that can contribute to the growing literature on this topic.

Dr. Renata La Guardia Nave
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • sustainable forage
  • integrated crop–livestock systems
  • cover crops

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 294 KiB  
Article
Protein and Carbohydrate Fractionation to Evaluate Perennial Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Accessions
by Martin Gierus, Heba Sabry Attia Salama, Marc Lösche, Antje Herrmann and Friedhelm Taube
Agronomy 2024, 14(1), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy14010168 - 12 Jan 2024
Viewed by 753
Abstract
Precise information about carbohydrates and proteins in relation to their utilization in the rumen is useful for the breeding purposes of perennial ryegrass cultivars used for animal nutrition. The objective of the current study was to evaluate 20 diploid perennial ryegrass accessions from [...] Read more.
Precise information about carbohydrates and proteins in relation to their utilization in the rumen is useful for the breeding purposes of perennial ryegrass cultivars used for animal nutrition. The objective of the current study was to evaluate 20 diploid perennial ryegrass accessions from the intermediary heading stage. The ruminal kinetics of different carbohydrate and protein fractions of grasses and legumes are important for forage breeding programs. The Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) was used to provide such information. Accession-based variation can be observed after considering dynamic degradation processes. Variation among the 20 accessions was observed. Ruminally digested (RDC) and undigested (UDC) carbohydrate and ruminally degraded (RDP) and undegraded (UDP) protein contents, total carbohydrate and total protein contents, and carbohydrate and protein fractions for the first cut and annual averages show significant differences. Although the variation was smaller for the protein fractions, the calculated usable protein content (uCP, sum of UDP and amount of synthesized microbial protein in the rumen) in the small intestine is mainly influenced by decreasing the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and increasing the sugar content among cultivars. Carbohydrate and protein fractionation is suitable for characterizing perennial grass accessions as it uses parameters relevant to ruminant nutrition, allowing a step forward in forage plant breeding for forage quality. To conclude, using parameters related to ruminal degradation kinetics should favor the selection of accessions with higher amounts of ruminally digested carbohydrates (RDC). The selection of accessions based on protein quality (proportion of UDP) is less favorable for achieving a higher usable protein content. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Forage Production in Crop–Livestock Systems)
14 pages, 456 KiB  
Article
Corn (Zea mays L.) Production in Living Mulch Systems Using White Clover (Trifolium repens L.) under Different Nitrogen Fertilization Rates
by Marcia Pereira Quinby, Renata La Guardia Nave, Virginia Sykes, Gary Bates, Carl Sams and Otávio Goulart de Almeida
Agronomy 2023, 13(9), 2377; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13092377 - 13 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1029
Abstract
The use of living mulch (LM) in corn (Zea mays L.) production must be evaluated under different N fertilization levels. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum amount of N fertilization in white clover (Trifolium repens L. (WC)) [...] Read more.
The use of living mulch (LM) in corn (Zea mays L.) production must be evaluated under different N fertilization levels. The objective of this study was to determine the optimum amount of N fertilization in white clover (Trifolium repens L. (WC)) LM in corn. The study was conducted in Spring Hill, TN, from 2020 to 2021. The treatments were [C-0] no LM + no N, [C-135] no LM + 135 kg/ha N, [CLM-0] LM + no N, [CLM-45] LM + 45 kg/ha N, [CLM-90] LM + 90 kg/ha N, and [CLM-135] LM + 135 kg/ha N. We evaluated the LM mass and corn production (silage and grain). In general, the LM mass was higher with CLM-45, CLM-90, and CLM-135 during both years. Corn silage production was higher in 2020 compared with 2021 (6.8 and 2.8 Ton/ha, respectively), and showed differences among treatments. The production of corn grain showed the same response pattern with a higher value in 2020 than in 2021 (1.8 and 0.1 Ton/ha, respectively). Thus, the use of LM did not increase corn silage or grain production, even receiving a high N rate as in conventional systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sustainable Forage Production in Crop–Livestock Systems)
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