Review Collection on Humoral Immunity

A special issue of Antibodies (ISSN 2073-4468). This special issue belongs to the section "Humoral Immunity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2024) | Viewed by 6221

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France
Interests: immunology; immune homeostasis; immunotherapy; host-pathogen interaction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Interests: antibody; vaccine; viruses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The “Humoral Immunity” Section is devoted to publishing major advancements related to the antibody response in a wide variety of host species under physiological, pathological, therapeutic, and vaccination conditions. The main topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  1. Antibody response during infections, diseases, treatments, and vaccination;
  2. Identification and evaluation of biomarkers associated with antibody production and protection;
  3. Neutralizing antibodies against pathogens and toxins;
  4. Self-reactive autoantibodies;
  5. Structure and function of clinically relevant antibodies;
  6. Physiological antibody generation as well as maturation and related mechanisms, such as antigen presentation for B cell activation, cytokine production, germinal center formation, isotype switching, affinity maturation, and long-term memory generation;
  7. Mechanisms of and interference with antibody-mediated complement activation.

In particular, we welcome submissions exploring the use of cutting-edge technologies across disciplines to provide a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms of the humoral immune response during natural development, diseases, therapy, and vaccination.

Prof. Dr. Jagadeesh Bayry
Prof. Dr. Linqi Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antibodies is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 2257 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Wild-Type and Omicron XBB.1.5 in Indonesian Residents after Vaccination and Infection
by Karismananda, Ammar Abdurrahman Hasyim, Akihiko Sakamoto, Kyouhei Yamagata, Kartika Hardianti Zainal, Desi Dwirosalia Ningsih Suparman, Ika Yustisia, Marhaen Hardjo, Syahrijuita Kadir, Mitsuhiro Iyori, Shigeto Yoshida and Yenni Yusuf
Antibodies 2024, 13(3), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/antib13030072 - 2 Sep 2024
Viewed by 833
Abstract
In the post-pandemic era, evaluating long-term immunity against COVID-19 has become increasingly critical, particularly in light of continuous SARS-CoV-2 mutations. This study aimed to assess the long-term humoral immune response in sera collected in Makassar. We measured anti-RBD IgG levels and neutralization capacity [...] Read more.
In the post-pandemic era, evaluating long-term immunity against COVID-19 has become increasingly critical, particularly in light of continuous SARS-CoV-2 mutations. This study aimed to assess the long-term humoral immune response in sera collected in Makassar. We measured anti-RBD IgG levels and neutralization capacity (NC) against both the Wild-Type (WT) Wuhan-Hu and Omicron XBB.1.5 variants across groups of COVID-19-vaccinated individuals with no booster (NB), single booster (SB), and double booster (DB). The mean durations since the last vaccination were 25.11 months, 19.24 months, and 16.9 months for the NB, SB, and DB group, respectively. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of breakthrough infection (BTI) history, with a mean duration since the last confirmed infection of 21.72 months. Our findings indicate fair long-term WT antibody (Ab) titers, with the DB group showing a significantly higher level than the other groups. Similarly, the DB group demonstrated the highest anti-Omicron XBB.1.5 Ab titer, yet it was insignificantly different from the other groups. Although the level of anti-WT Ab titers was moderate, we observed near-complete (96–97%) long-term neutralization against the WT pseudo-virus for all groups. There was a slight decrease in NC against Omicron XBB.1.5 compared to the WT among all groups, as DB group, SB group, and NB group showed 80.71 ± 3.9%, 74.29 ± 6.7%, and 67.2 ± 6.3% neutralization activity, respectively. A breakdown analysis based on infection and vaccine status showed that booster doses increase the NC against XBB.1.5, particularly in individuals without BTI. Individuals with BTI demonstrate a better NC compared to their counterpart uninfected individuals with the same number of booster doses. Our findings suggest that long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2 persists and is effective against the mutant variant. Booster doses enhance the NC, especially among uninfected individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review Collection on Humoral Immunity)
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Review

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15 pages, 3024 KiB  
Review
Allogeneic HLA Humoral Immunogenicity and the Prediction of Donor-Specific HLA Antibody Development
by Vadim Jucaud
Antibodies 2024, 13(3), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/antib13030061 - 24 Jul 2024
Viewed by 844
Abstract
The development of de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies (dnDSAs) following solid organ transplantation is considered a major risk factor for poor long-term allograft outcomes. The prediction of dnDSA development is a boon to transplant recipients, yet the assessment of allo-HLA immunogenicity remains imprecise. [...] Read more.
The development of de novo donor-specific HLA antibodies (dnDSAs) following solid organ transplantation is considered a major risk factor for poor long-term allograft outcomes. The prediction of dnDSA development is a boon to transplant recipients, yet the assessment of allo-HLA immunogenicity remains imprecise. Despite the recent technological advances, a comprehensive evaluation of allo-HLA immunogenicity, which includes both B and T cell allorecognition, is still warranted. Recent studies have proposed using mismatched HLA epitopes (antibody and T cell) as a prognostic biomarker for humoral alloimmunity. However, the identification of immunogenic HLA mismatches has not progressed despite significant improvements in the identification of permissible mismatches. Certainly, the prediction of dnDSA development may benefit permissible HLA mismatched organ transplantations, personalized immunosuppression, and clinical trial design. However, characteristics that go beyond the listing of mismatched HLA antibody epitopes and T cell epitopes, such as the generation of HLA T cell epitope repertoires, recipient’s HLA class II phenotype, and immunosuppressive regiments, are required for the precise assessment of allo-HLA immunogenicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review Collection on Humoral Immunity)
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13 pages, 1159 KiB  
Review
A Comparison of Natural and Therapeutic Anti-IgE Antibodies
by Monique Vogel and Paul Engeroff
Antibodies 2024, 13(3), 58; https://doi.org/10.3390/antib13030058 - 16 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1874
Abstract
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a critical role for the immune system, fighting against parasites, toxins, and cancer. However, when it reacts to allergens without proper regulation, it can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, through a process initiated by effector cells such as basophils [...] Read more.
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a critical role for the immune system, fighting against parasites, toxins, and cancer. However, when it reacts to allergens without proper regulation, it can cause allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis, through a process initiated by effector cells such as basophils and mast cells. These cells display IgE on their surface, bound to the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI. A cross-linking antigen then triggers degranulation and the release of inflammatory mediators from the cells. Therapeutic monoclonal anti-IgE antibodies such as omalizumab, disrupt this process and are used to manage IgE-related conditions such as severe allergic asthma and chronic spontaneous urticaria. Interestingly, naturally occurring anti-IgE autoantibodies circulate at surprisingly high levels in healthy humans and mice and may thus be instrumental in regulating IgE activity. Although many open questions remain, recent studies have shed new light on their role as IgE regulators and their mechanism of action. Here, we summarize the latest insights on natural anti-IgE autoantibodies, and we compare their functional features to therapeutic monoclonal anti-IgE autoantibodies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review Collection on Humoral Immunity)
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17 pages, 1931 KiB  
Review
Beyond bNAbs: Uses, Risks, and Opportunities for Therapeutic Application of Non-Neutralising Antibodies in Viral Infection
by Kahlio Mader and Lynn B. Dustin
Antibodies 2024, 13(2), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/antib13020028 - 3 Apr 2024
Viewed by 2104
Abstract
The vast majority of antibodies generated against a virus will be non-neutralising. However, this does not denote an absence of protective capacity. Yet, within the field, there is typically a large focus on antibodies capable of directly blocking infection (neutralising antibodies, NAbs) of [...] Read more.
The vast majority of antibodies generated against a virus will be non-neutralising. However, this does not denote an absence of protective capacity. Yet, within the field, there is typically a large focus on antibodies capable of directly blocking infection (neutralising antibodies, NAbs) of either specific viral strains or multiple viral strains (broadly-neutralising antibodies, bNAbs). More recently, a focus on non-neutralising antibodies (nNAbs), or neutralisation-independent effects of NAbs, has emerged. These can have additive effects on protection or, in some cases, be a major correlate of protection. As their name suggests, nNAbs do not directly neutralise infection but instead, through their Fc domains, may mediate interaction with other immune effectors to induce clearance of viral particles or virally infected cells. nNAbs may also interrupt viral replication within infected cells. Developing technologies of antibody modification and functionalisation may lead to innovative biologics that harness the activities of nNAbs for antiviral prophylaxis and therapeutics. In this review, we discuss specific examples of nNAb actions in viral infections where they have known importance. We also discuss the potential detrimental effects of such responses. Finally, we explore new technologies for nNAb functionalisation to increase efficacy or introduce favourable characteristics for their therapeutic applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Review Collection on Humoral Immunity)
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