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Biomedicines
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Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers
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Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 December 2023) | Viewed by 7086

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Chih-Yen Chien

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Otolaryngology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
2. College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
Interests: HNSCC; nasopharyngeal carcinoma; oropharyngeal cancer; oral cancer; laryngeal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Pei-Jen Lou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Interests: glycosylation in HNSCC; targeting G-quadruplex DNA for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer; oral cancer; oropharyngeal cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks as the world’s 6th most common cancer among male patients according to the GLOBOCAN 2020 database. The clinical outcomes for advanced-stage tumors remain unsatisfactory. Cisplatin, 5-FU and docetaxol are the common chemotherapy agents for HNSCC; however, chemo-resistance currently is a major problem among patients with recurrent and metastatic disease (R/M disease). Generally, checkpoint inhibitors could be applied for salvage in R/M disease according to clinical trials Checkmate-141 and Keynote-048. Clinically, some patients could have responses from checkpoint inhibitors, but a lot of patients would show progressive disease. There are several unique molecular features noted in these advanced tumors, chemoresistant tumors. and responsive tumors through checkpoint inhibitors. In this Special Issue, we welcome submissions focusing on these molecular characters and highlighting the new treatment strategy for HNSCC.

Prof. Dr. Chih-Yen Chien
Prof. Dr. Pei-Jen Lou
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • HNSCC
  • nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  • oropharyngeal cancer
  • oral cancer
  • laryngeal cancer
  • hypopharyngeal cancer
  • checkpoint inhibitor recurrent and metastatic head and neck cancer

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Review

15 pages, 1022 KiB  
Review
The Application of Emodin Treatment on Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Therapy
by Chung-Chun Wu, Mei-Shu Chen and Jen-Yang Chen
Biomedicines 2024, 12(3), 486; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12030486 - 21 Feb 2024
Viewed by 938
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy prevailing in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Southern China, Southeast Asia, and North Africa. Although early-stage NPC responds well to the primary treatment of radio-chemotherapy, the mortality rate of advanced NPC remains high. Therefore, developing new therapies for nasopharyngeal [...] Read more.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignancy prevailing in Taiwan, Hong Kong, Southern China, Southeast Asia, and North Africa. Although early-stage NPC responds well to the primary treatment of radio-chemotherapy, the mortality rate of advanced NPC remains high. Therefore, developing new therapies for nasopharyngeal carcinoma is an urgent task. Emodin is an anthraquinone derivative mainly found in Rheum palmatum. Emodin has been found to possess many anti-cancer functions against various types of cancers, but they are less discussed in the treatment of NPC. This review organized the different studies about the anti-NPC activity of emodin and discussed the potential and challenges of emodin treatment in NPC therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers)
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16 pages, 1216 KiB  
Review
Taxanes in the Treatment of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
by Ching-Yun Hsieh, Ching-Chan Lin and Wei-Chao Chang
Biomedicines 2023, 11(11), 2887; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11112887 - 25 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
Taxanes, particularly docetaxel (DTX), has been widely used for combination therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). For locally advanced unresectable HNSCC, DTX combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil as a revolutionary treatment revealed an advantage in the improvement of patient outcome. [...] Read more.
Taxanes, particularly docetaxel (DTX), has been widely used for combination therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). For locally advanced unresectable HNSCC, DTX combined with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil as a revolutionary treatment revealed an advantage in the improvement of patient outcome. In addition, DTX plus immune check inhibitors (ICIs) showed low toxicity and an increased response of patients with recurrent or metastatic HNSCC (R/M HNSCC). Accumulated data indicate that taxanes not only function as antimitotics but also impair diverse oncogenic signalings, including angiogenesis, inflammatory response, ROS production, and apoptosis induction. However, despite an initial response, the development of resistance remains a major obstacle to treatment response. Taxane resistance could result from intrinsic mechanisms, such as enhanced DNA/RNA damage repair, increased drug efflux, and apoptosis inhibition, and extrinsic effects, such as angiogenesis and interactions between tumor cells and immune cells. This review provides an overview of taxanes therapy applied in different stages of HNSCC and describe the mechanisms of taxane resistance in HNSCC. Through a detailed understanding, the mechanisms of resistance may help in developing the potential therapeutic methods and the effective combination strategies to overcome drug resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers)
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15 pages, 1935 KiB  
Review
The Way to Malignant Transformation: Can Epigenetic Alterations Be Used to Diagnose Early-Stage Head and Neck Cancer?
by Ting-Yu Lai, Ying-Chieh Ko, Yu-Lian Chen and Su-Fang Lin
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1717; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061717 - 15 Jun 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1440
Abstract
Identifying and treating tumors early is the key to secondary prevention in cancer control. At present, prevention of oral cancer is still challenging because the molecular drivers responsible for malignant transformation of the 11 clinically defined oral potentially malignant disorders are still unknown. [...] Read more.
Identifying and treating tumors early is the key to secondary prevention in cancer control. At present, prevention of oral cancer is still challenging because the molecular drivers responsible for malignant transformation of the 11 clinically defined oral potentially malignant disorders are still unknown. In this review, we focused on studies that elucidate the epigenetic alterations demarcating malignant and nonmalignant epigenomes and prioritized findings from clinical samples. Head and neck included, the genomes of many cancer types are largely hypomethylated and accompanied by focal hypermethylation on certain specific regions. We revisited prior studies that demonstrated that sufficient uptake of folate, the primary dietary methyl donor, is associated with oral cancer reduction. As epigenetically driven phenotypic plasticity, a newly recognized hallmark of cancer, has been linked to tumor initiation, cell fate determination, and drug resistance, we discussed prior findings that might be associated with this hallmark, including gene clusters (11q13.3, 19q13.43, 20q11.2, 22q11-13) with great potential for oral cancer biomarkers, and successful examples in screening early-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Although one-size-fits-all approaches have been shown to be ineffective in most cancer therapies, the rapid development of epigenome sequencing methods raises the possibility that this nonmutagenic approach may be an exception. Only time will tell. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers)
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14 pages, 665 KiB  
Review
Feature Reviews of the Molecular Mechanisms of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
by Li-Jen Liao, Wan-Lun Hsu, Chi-Ju Chen and Yen-Ling Chiu
Biomedicines 2023, 11(6), 1528; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11061528 - 25 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1744
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rare in most parts of the world but endemic in southern Asia. Here, we describe the molecular abnormalities in NPC and point out potential molecular mechanisms for future therapy. This article provides a brief up-to-date review focusing on the [...] Read more.
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is rare in most parts of the world but endemic in southern Asia. Here, we describe the molecular abnormalities in NPC and point out potential molecular mechanisms for future therapy. This article provides a brief up-to-date review focusing on the molecular pathways of NPC, which may improve our knowledge of this disease, and we also highlight some issues for further research. In brief, some heritable genes are related to NPC; therefore, people with a family history of NPC have an increased risk of this disease. Carcinogenic substances and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) exposure both contribute to tumorigenesis through the accumulation of multiple genomic changes. In recent years, salted fish intake has decreased the impact on NPC, which implies that changing exposure to carcinogens can modify the risk of NPC. Eradication of cancer-associated viruses potentially eradicates cancer, and EBV vaccines might also prevent this disease in the future. Screening patients by using an EBV antibody is feasible in the high-risk group; plasma EBV DNA measurement could also be conducted for screening, prognosis, and monitoring of this disease. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of NPC can further provide novel information for health promotion, disease screening, and precision cancer treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Reviews in Molecular Mechanisms of Head and Neck Cancers)
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