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Biomedicines
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Vitamin D in Health and Disease (3rd Edition)
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Vitamin D in Health and Disease (3rd Edition)

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2024 | Viewed by 2659

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Murdaca

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Head of Allergology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa and San Bartolomeo Hospital, Sarzana, Italy
Interests: immunodeficiency; autoimmunity; neuro-endocrino-immunology; pharmacogenomics; soluble molecules; immune-mediated diseases; allergies; vaccines
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vitamin D (VD) is a lipo-soluble hormone well known for its effects on calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. Recently, there has been growing interest in the extra-skeletal effects of VD. In particular, recent studies have highlighted how VD plays a fundamental role in immunomodulation processes in the context of both innate and adaptive immunity, with consequent anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects on different immune-mediated pathologies, such as systemic sclerosis, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and rheumatoid arthritis, as well as in various pro-inflammatory processes affecting the airways. Recent evidence has shown that VD is also closely related to other components such as the microbiome, with which it appears to be interconnected in the pathophysiology of many allergic diseases. In addition to the known immunomodulatory effects of VD, several studies have reported that it is also endowed with important anti-proliferative, anti-angiogenic, and pro-differentiative effects in cancer thanks to its effects on the modulation of the expression of tumor miRNAs through its action at the VD receptor (VDR) level. In view of this, it is clear that VD supplementation represents a safe and valid therapeutic strategy capable of improving the clinical outcome of many diseases.

Prof. Dr. Giuseppe Murdaca
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • vitamin D and the immune system
  • vitamin D and cytokines
  • vitamin D and microbiome
  • vitamin D and respiratory diseases
  • vitamin D and autoimmune diseases
  • vitamin D and allergies

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 595 KiB  
Article
Association of Vitamin D with Perfluorinated Alkyl Acids in Women with and without Non-Obese Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
by Alexandra E. Butler, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Priya Das, Edwina Brennan and Stephen L. Atkin
Biomedicines 2024, 12(6), 1255; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12061255 - 5 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1105
Abstract
Background. Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants affected by BMI and ethnicity, with contradictory reports of association with vitamin D deficiency. Methods. Twenty-nine Caucasian women with non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age- and BMI-matched Caucasian control women (n = [...] Read more.
Background. Perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) are persistent organic pollutants affected by BMI and ethnicity, with contradictory reports of association with vitamin D deficiency. Methods. Twenty-nine Caucasian women with non-obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age- and BMI-matched Caucasian control women (n = 30) were recruited. Paired serum samples were analyzed for PFAAs (n = 13) using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Tandem mass spectrometry determined levels of 25(OH)D3 and the active 1,25(OH)2D3. Results. Women with and without PCOS did not differ in age, weight, insulin resistance, or systemic inflammation (C-reactive protein did not differ), but the free androgen index was increased. Four PFAAs were detected in all serum samples: perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS). Serum PFOS was higher in PCOS versus controls (geometric mean [GM] 3.9 vs. 3.1 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Linear regression modeling showed that elevated PFHxS had higher odds of a lower 25(OH)D3 (OR: 2.919, 95% CI 0.82–5.75, p = 0.04). Vitamin D did not differ between cohorts and did not correlate with any PFAAs, either alone or when the groups were combined. When vitamin D was stratified into sufficiency (>20 ng/mL) and deficiency (<20 ng/mL), no correlation with any PFAAs was seen. Conclusions. While the analyses and findings here are exploratory in light of relatively small recruitment numbers, when age, BMI, and insulin resistance are accounted for, the PFAAs do not appear to be related to 25(OH)D3 or the active 1,25(OH)2D3 in this Caucasian population, nor do they appear to be associated with vitamin D deficiency, suggesting that future studies must account for these factors in the analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D in Health and Disease (3rd Edition))
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Review

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17 pages, 1215 KiB  
Review
Gender Differences in the Interplay between Vitamin D and Microbiota in Allergic and Autoimmune Diseases
by Giuseppe Murdaca, Luca Tagliafico, Elena Page, Francesca Paladin and Sebastiano Gangemi
Biomedicines 2024, 12(5), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12051023 - 7 May 2024
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1195
Abstract
The synergic role of vitamin D and the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of the immune system has been thoroughly described in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency and intestinal dysbiosis have shown a pathogenetic role in the development of numerous immune-mediated and allergic [...] Read more.
The synergic role of vitamin D and the intestinal microbiota in the regulation of the immune system has been thoroughly described in the literature. Vitamin D deficiency and intestinal dysbiosis have shown a pathogenetic role in the development of numerous immune-mediated and allergic diseases. The physiological processes underlying aging and sex have proven to be capable of having a negative influence both on vitamin D values and the biodiversity of the microbiome. This leads to a global increase in levels of systemic inflammatory markers, with potential implications for all immune-mediated diseases and allergic conditions. Our review aims to collect and analyze the relationship between vitamin D and the intestinal microbiome with the immune system and the diseases associated with it, emphasizing the effect mediated by sexual hormones and aging. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin D in Health and Disease (3rd Edition))
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