Immunometabolic Determinants of Gut–Liver Axis Health

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 1060

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Molecular Immunonutrition Group, Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies in Food (IMDEA-Food), 28049 Madrid, Spain
Interests: immunonutrition; macrophages; trained immunity; gut-liver axis; microbiota
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The bidirectional relationship between environmental conditions in the intestinal tract and liver function is undoubted and widely accepted. The interaction of stimuli affecting the gut microbiota and intestinal immune system are critical determinants of liver function. The composition of the microbiota seems to be subjected and conditioned to the maturation, orientation, and magnitude of the innate and adaptive immune responses. However, it is the ecometabolic conditions that are presented as key effectors in the function and direction of the immune response(s). These interactions determine the 'entero-hepatic' axis, this being the basis of various influences on the functions of other internal organs. A clear example of this is the impact of the entire hepatic axis on the function of the central nervous system, as well as the lungs and kidneys. From a global point of view, the pathologies associated with imbalances in the functions and immunometabolic conditions of these organs share bases that present their molecular origin in the emerging signaling in the intestinal context. This complex network of interactions in the 'entero-hepatic' axis represents an important challenge for the biomedical sector. Thus, it must face various aspects that are extremely involved in the development of pathologies with an enormous impact on our society. A critical view of this area of research reveals the existence of numerous unanswered questions, as well as the need for a multidisciplinary approach to support the translation of biomedical studies into effective precision medicines in health promotion.

Dr. Jose Moisés Laparra
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • gut microbiota
  • 'entero-hepatic' axis
  • gut–liver axis
  • immunometabolism

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

15 pages, 1073 KiB  
Review
Revisiting the Immunometabolic Basis for the Metabolic Syndrome from an Immunonutritional View
by César Jeri Apaza, Juan Francisco Cerezo, Aurora García-Tejedor, Juan Antonio Giménez-Bastida and José Moisés Laparra-Llopis
Biomedicines 2024, 12(8), 1825; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12081825 - 12 Aug 2024
Viewed by 826
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) implies different conditions where insulin resistance constitutes a major hallmark of the disease. The disease incurs a high risk for the development of cardiovascular complications, and takes its toll in regard to the gut–liver axis (pancreas, primary liver and colorectal)-associated [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) implies different conditions where insulin resistance constitutes a major hallmark of the disease. The disease incurs a high risk for the development of cardiovascular complications, and takes its toll in regard to the gut–liver axis (pancreas, primary liver and colorectal)-associated immunity. The modulation of immunometabolic responses by immunonutritional factors (IFs) has emerged as a key determinant of the gut–liver axis’ metabolic and immune health. IFs from plant seeds have shown in vitro and pre-clinical effectiveness primarily in dealing with various immunometabolic and inflammatory diseases. Only recently have immunonutritional studies established the engagement of innate intestinal immunity to effectively control immune alterations in inflamed livers preceding the major features of the MetS. However, integrative analyses and the demonstration of causality between IFs and specific gut–liver axis-associated immunometabolic imbalances for the MetS remain ill-defined in the field. Herein, a better understanding of the IFs with a significant role in the MetS, as well as within the dynamic interplay in the functional differentiation of innate immune key effectors (i.e., monocytes/macrophages), worsening or improving the disease, could be of crucial relevance. The development of an adequate intermediary phenotype of these cells can significantly contribute to maintaining the function of Tregs and innate lymphoid cells for the prevention and treatment of MetS and associated comorbidities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Immunometabolic Determinants of Gut–Liver Axis Health)
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