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Biosensors
Special Issues
Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement
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Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2018) | Viewed by 23090

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Michael Thompson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada
Interests: biosensor technology; acoustic wave detection; chemical sensors; biocompatibility; surface chemistry and analysis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Simon C. Cork

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Interests: central regulation of appetite; gut-brain axis; obesity

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Implantable sensors that are capable of operation in vivo for the measurement of a variety of biochemical species are becoming of significant interest in a number of fields, ranging from fundamental studies in biology to precision medicine and clinical theranostics. The main requirement is for micro-based devices that can accurately and selectively detect the concentration of biochemical moieties in small volumes of biological fluid for closed-loop modulation. Other important operational criteria are the need for time dependant measurement, avoidance of interference from proteins and other biological fluid containing entities, and possibilities for multiplexed measurement of a number of analytes. The development of such devices clearly presents major challenges among which the amelioration of sensor fouling and requirement for “self-calibration” are paramount. The long-standing effort to develop a glucose sensor for function in tandem with an artificial pancreas configuration represents the classical case regarding these challenges. It is evident that solutions to the various issues mentioned above will require research efforts from a disparate range of disciplines including biology, medicine, electrical and biomedical engineering, clinical biochemistry and surface physical chemistry conducted in a highly interactive fashion. The specific goal of this Special Issue of Biosensors is to aggregate both contributions with respect to addressing the various challenges and applications in terms of measurements in blood, cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid and tissue generally.

Prof. Dr. Michael Thompson
Dr. Simon C. Cork
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1670 KiB  
Article
Amperometric Self-Referencing Ceramic Based Microelectrode Arrays for D-Serine Detection
by Diana Campos-Beltrán, Åsa Konradsson-Geuken, Jorge E. Quintero and Lisa Marshall
Biosensors 2018, 8(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8010020 - 06 Mar 2018
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 7279
Abstract
D-serine is the major D-amino acid in the mammalian central nervous system. As the dominant co-agonist of the endogenous synaptic NMDA receptor, D-serine plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Alterations in D-serine are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Thus, [...] Read more.
D-serine is the major D-amino acid in the mammalian central nervous system. As the dominant co-agonist of the endogenous synaptic NMDA receptor, D-serine plays a role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Alterations in D-serine are linked to neuropsychiatric disorders including schizophrenia. Thus, it is of increasing interest to monitor the concentration of D-serine in vivo as a relevant player in dynamic neuron-glia network activity. Here we present a procedure for amperometric detection of D-serine with self-referencing ceramic-based microelectrode arrays (MEAs) coated with D-amino acid oxidase from the yeast Rhodotorula gracilis (RgDAAO). We demonstrate in vitro D-serine recordings with a mean sensitivity of 8.61 ± 0.83 pA/µM to D-serine, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.17 ± 0.01 µM, and a selectivity ratio of 80:1 or greater for D-serine over ascorbic acid (mean ± SEM; n = 12) that can be used for freely moving studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement)
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11 pages, 3501 KiB  
Article
Prolonged Corrosion Stability of a Microchip Sensor Implant during In Vivo Exposure
by Paul Glogener, Michael Krause, Jens Katzer, Markus A. Schubert, Mario Birkholz, Olaf Bellmann, Claudia Kröger-Koch, Harald M. Hammon, Cornelia C. Metges, Christine Welsch, Roman Ruff and Klaus P. Hoffmann
Biosensors 2018, 8(1), 13; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8010013 - 01 Feb 2018
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 7656
Abstract
A microelectronic biosensor was subjected to in vivo exposure by implanting it in the vicinity of m. trapezii (Trapezius muscle) from cattle. The implant is intended for the continuous monitoring of glucose levels, and the study aimed at evaluating the biostability of exposed [...] Read more.
A microelectronic biosensor was subjected to in vivo exposure by implanting it in the vicinity of m. trapezii (Trapezius muscle) from cattle. The implant is intended for the continuous monitoring of glucose levels, and the study aimed at evaluating the biostability of exposed semiconductor surfaces. The sensor chip was a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) prepared using 0.25 µm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor CMOS/BiCMOS technology. Sensing is based on the principle of affinity viscometry with a sensoric assay, which is separated by a semipermeable membrane from the tissue. Outer dimensions of the otherwise hermetically sealed biosensor system were 39 × 49 × 16 mm. The test system was implanted into cattle in a subcutaneous position without running it. After 17 months, the device was explanted and analyzed by comparing it with unexposed chips and systems. Investigations focused on the MEMS chip using SEM, TEM, and elemental analysis by EDX mapping. The sensor chip turned out to be uncorroded and no diminishing of the topmost passivation layer could be determined, which contrasts remarkably with previous results on CMOS biosensors. The negligible corrosive attack is understood to be a side effect of the semipermeable membrane separating the assay from the tissue. It is concluded that the separation has enabled a prolonged biostability of the chip, which will be of relevance for biosensor implants in general. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement)
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Review

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18 pages, 1534 KiB  
Review
Clinical Assessment of Dental Implant Stability During Follow-Up: What Is Actually Measured, and Perspectives
by Elisabetta M. Zanetti, Giulia Pascoletti, Michele Calì, Cristina Bignardi and Giordano Franceschini
Biosensors 2018, 8(3), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios8030068 - 13 Jul 2018
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 7193
Abstract
The optimization of loading protocols following dental implant insertion requires setting up patient-specific protocols, customized according to the actual implant osseointegration, measured through quantitative, objective methods. Various devices for the assessment of implant stability as an indirect measure of implant osseointegration have been [...] Read more.
The optimization of loading protocols following dental implant insertion requires setting up patient-specific protocols, customized according to the actual implant osseointegration, measured through quantitative, objective methods. Various devices for the assessment of implant stability as an indirect measure of implant osseointegration have been developed. They are analyzed here, introducing the respective physical models, outlining major advantages and critical aspects, and reporting their clinical performance. A careful discussion of underlying hypotheses is finally reported, as is a suggestion for further development of instrumentation and signal analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Implantable Biosensors for in vivo Detection and Measurement)
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