The State of the Art in the Diagnosis, Staging, Treatment and Prognosis of Gastrointestinal and Urogenital Malignancies

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Research of Cancer".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 February 2025 | Viewed by 3706

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, Waszyngtona 15 A St., 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: gastric cancer; diagnostics; inflammatory biomarkers; clinical outcomes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Bialystok, Waszyngtona 15A St., 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
Interests: oncology; clinical chemistry; laboratory diagnostics; specific proteins; biomarkers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Gastrointestinal and urogenital cancers are a highly diverse group of diseases, which, due to the lack of multiple specific symptoms in their early stages, are one of the most common causes of death in the world. Despite the constant development of diagnostic and therapeutic methods, the number of cancers is constantly growing, and thus causes a huge physical, emotional and financial burden both for individuals and healthcare systems. Gastric cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide, whereas prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy among men. The main reason for treatment failure in patients with gastric cancer is a late diagnosis, with many patients not presenting any symptoms in advanced stages. Moreover, the occurrence of chemoresistance and the presence of metastases are important factors leading to the death of oncological patients. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new diagnostic and prognostic alternatives, as well as innovative therapeutic approaches that would, on the one hand, allow for the early detection of cancer and, on the other hand, would predict the behavior of the cancer and the risk of recurrence of the disease.

We are pleased to invite you to submit articles related to the aim of this Special Issue, which includes, among others, issues regarding advances in biomarkers to determine cancer diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic options in gastrointestinal cancers (esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal cancer) and urogenital cancers (bladder cancer, kidney cancer, prostate cancer and testicular cancer).

In this Special Issue, we encourage authors to publish basic and clinical research manuscripts, and we will accept both original research and review articles.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Agnieszka Kulczyńska-Przybik
Dr. Sara Pączek
Guest Editors

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 1630 KiB  
Article
Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Biopsy Versus Aspiration for Tissue Sampling Adequacy for Molecular Testing in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
by Wael T. Mohamed, Vinay Jahagirdar, Fouad Jaber, Mohamed K. Ahmed, Ifrah Fatima, Thomas Bierman, Zhuxuan Fu, Philip G. Jones, Amira F. Hassan, Erin Faber, Wendell K. Clarkston, Hassan Ghoz, Ossama W. Tawfik and Sreeni Jonnalagadda
Cancers 2024, 16(4), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16040761 - 12 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Background and Aims: There is limited literature on sample adequacy for molecular testing in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma obtained via endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) fine-needle aspiration (FNA) versus EUS fine-needle biopsy (FNB). We aimed to compare these two modalities regarding sample adequacy for molecular and [...] Read more.
Background and Aims: There is limited literature on sample adequacy for molecular testing in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma obtained via endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) fine-needle aspiration (FNA) versus EUS fine-needle biopsy (FNB). We aimed to compare these two modalities regarding sample adequacy for molecular and genomic sequencing. Methods: We reviewed all patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma who underwent EUS at Saint Luke’s Hospital from 2018 to 2021. The patients were categorized based on the method of EUS tissue acquisition, specifically FNA or FNB. A comprehensive evaluation was conducted for all cases by cytotechnologists. Results: Out of 132 patients who underwent EUS-guided biopsies, 76 opted for FNA, 48 opted for FNB, and 8 opted for a combination of both. The average number of passes required for FNB and FNA was 2.58 ± 1.06 and 2.49 ± 1.07, respectively (p = 0.704), indicating no significant difference. Interestingly, 71.4% (35) of FNB-obtained samples were deemed adequate for molecular testing, surpassing the 32.1% (26) adequacy observed with FNA (p < 0.001). Additionally, 46.4% (26) of FNB-obtained samples were considered adequate for genomic testing, a notable improvement over the 23.8% (20) adequacy observed with FNA (p = 0.005). Conclusion: Although the number of passes required for cytologic diagnosis did not differ significantly between EUS-FNB and EUS-FNA, the former demonstrated superiority in obtaining samples adequate for molecular testing. Tumor surface area and cellularity were crucial parameters in determining sample adequacy for molecular testing, irrespective of the chosen tissue acquisition modality. Full article
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16 pages, 752 KiB  
Systematic Review
The Role of Pentraxin 3 in Gastrointestinal Cancers
by Monika Zajkowska and Barbara Mroczko
Cancers 2023, 15(24), 5832; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15245832 - 14 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1324
Abstract
Gastrointestinal cancers have become a huge problem worldwide as the number of new cases continues to increase. Due to the growing need to explore new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the detection and treatment of cancerous lesions, we sought to elucidate the role [...] Read more.
Gastrointestinal cancers have become a huge problem worldwide as the number of new cases continues to increase. Due to the growing need to explore new biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the detection and treatment of cancerous lesions, we sought to elucidate the role of Pentraxin-3 in the progression of cancerous lesions, as it is involved in the process of angiogenesis and inflammation. Statistically significant changes in the concentration of this parameter have emerged in many gastrointestinal cancer patients. Moreover, it is related to the advancement of cancer, as well as processes leading to the development of those changes. In the case of studies concerning tissue material, both increased and decreased tissue expression of the tested parameter were observed and were dependent on the type of cancer. In the case of cell lines, both human and animal, a significant increase in Pentraxin 3 gene expression was observed, which confirmed the changes observed at the protein level. In conclusion, it can be assumed that PTX3, both at the level of gene expression and protein concentrations, is highly useful in the detection of gastrointestinal cancers, and its use as a biomarker and/or therapeutic target may be useful in the future. Full article
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