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Cancers
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Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0
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Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 6569

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luigi Buonaguro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Innovative Immunological Models Unit, National Cancer Institute - IRCCS “Pascale”, Via Mariano, Semmola, 52, 80131 Napoli, Italy
Interests: cancer immunotherapy; cancer vaccines; hepatocellular carcinoma; tumor microenvironment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This collection is the second edition of the previous one, "Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)" (https://www.mdpi.com/journal/cancers/special_issues/Hepatocellular_Carcinoma).

Every year, more than 800 thousand people die from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) worldwide, making it the sixth most common cancer and the third leading cause of cancer death. Surgical, locoregional, and systemic therapies for HCC are dependent on the stage of disease, but the clinical outcome is poor.

In such an adverse scenario, immunotherapeutic approaches may represent a valuable tool. In particular, combination strategies should be designed to elicit antitumoral immunity and counteract the immunosuppressive microenvironment. However, the results remain unsatisfactory, and improvements are needed in order to define the optimal target antigens, delivery strategies, and therapeutic combination. This Special Issue will address the ultimate frontier of therapy in HCC.

Dr. Luigi Buonaguro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
  • immunotherapy
  • cancer vaccine
  • combination strategies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1211 KiB  
Article
Impact of COVID-19 on 1-Year Survival Outcomes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study
by Shuell De Souza, Jeffrey Kahol de Jong, Ylenia Perone, Shishir Shetty, Maria Qurashi, Mathew Vithayathil, Tahir Shah, Paul Ross, Laura Temperley, Vincent S. Yip, Abhirup Banerjee, Dominik Bettinger, Lukas Sturm, Helen L. Reeves, Daniel Geh, James Orr, Benjamin Allen, Robert P. Jones and Rohini Sharma
Cancers 2023, 15(13), 3378; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15133378 - 27 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1224
Abstract
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruption of healthcare services worldwide and interrupted patients’ access to essential services. During the first lockdown, many healthcare services were shut to all but emergencies. In this study, we aimed to determine the immediate and long-term [...] Read more.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruption of healthcare services worldwide and interrupted patients’ access to essential services. During the first lockdown, many healthcare services were shut to all but emergencies. In this study, we aimed to determine the immediate and long-term indirect impact of COVID-19 health services utilisation on hepatocellular cancer (HCC) outcomes. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from 1 March 2020 until 30 June 2020, correlating to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients were enrolled from tertiary hospitals in the UK and Germany with dedicated HCC management services. All patients with current or past HCC who were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) were identified. Any delay to treatment (DTT) and the effect on survival at one year were reported. Results: The median time to receipt of therapy following MDM discussion was 49 days. Patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stages-A/B disease were more likely to experience DTT. Significant delays across all treatments for HCC were observed, but delay was most marked for those undergoing curative therapies. Even though severe delays were observed in curative HCC treatments, this did not translate into reduced survival in patients. Conclusion: Interruption of routine healthcare services because of the COVID-19 pandemic caused severe delays in HCC treatment. However, DTT did not translate to reduced survival. Longer follow is important given the delay in therapy in those receiving curative therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0)
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16 pages, 1185 KiB  
Article
Patient Preferences for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatments: A Discrete-Choice Experiment
by Daneng Li, Ruoding Tan, Sairy Hernandez, Norelle Reilly, Cooper Bussberg and Carol Mansfield
Cancers 2023, 15(5), 1470; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051470 - 25 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1774
Abstract
Treatments for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have varying benefit-risk profiles. We elicited 200 US patients’ preferences for attributes associated with various first-line systemic treatments for unresectable HCC in a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) survey. Respondents answered nine DCE questions, each offering a choice between [...] Read more.
Treatments for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have varying benefit-risk profiles. We elicited 200 US patients’ preferences for attributes associated with various first-line systemic treatments for unresectable HCC in a discrete-choice experiment (DCE) survey. Respondents answered nine DCE questions, each offering a choice between two hypothetical treatment profiles defined by six attributes with varying levels: overall survival (OS), months of maintained daily function, severity of palmar-plantar syndrome, severity of hypertension, risk of digestive-tract bleeding, and mode and frequency of administration. A random-parameters logit model was used to analyze the preference data. Patients regarded an additional 10 months of maintaining daily function without decline to be as important or more important than 10 additional months of OS, on average. Respondents valued avoiding moderate-to-severe palmar-plantar syndrome and hypertension more than extended OS. A respondent would require >10 additional months of OS (the greatest increase presented in the study) on average to offset the increased burden of adverse events. Patients with unresectable HCC prioritize avoiding adverse events that would severely impact their quality of life over mode and frequency of administration or digestive-tract bleeding risk. For some patients with unresectable HCC, maintaining daily functioning is as important or more important than the survival benefit of a treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0)
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10 pages, 1096 KiB  
Article
Cabozantinib Following Immunotherapy in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma
by Michael H. Storandt, Jennifer J. Gile, Mathias E. Palmer, Tyler J. Zemla, Daniel H. Ahn, Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab, Zhaohui Jin, Nguyen H. Tran and Amit Mahipal
Cancers 2022, 14(21), 5173; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215173 - 22 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1696
Abstract
(1) Background: Cabozantinib, a multikinase inhibitor, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following progression on sorafenib. Recently, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has been approved in the first line setting for advanced HCC and [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Cabozantinib, a multikinase inhibitor, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following progression on sorafenib. Recently, atezolizumab plus bevacizumab has been approved in the first line setting for advanced HCC and has become the new standard of care. Whether cabozantinib improves outcomes following progression on immunotherapy remains unknown. We describe the clinical outcomes following treatment with immunotherapy in patients with advanced HCC who received cabozantinib. (2) Methods: We conducted a multicentric, retrospective analysis of patients with advanced HCC diagnosed between 2010–2021 at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, Arizona, and Florida who received cabozantinib. Median overall survival and progression free survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan–Meier method. Adverse events were determined using Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE). (3). Results: We identified 26 patients with advanced HCC who received cabozantinib following progression on immunotherapy. Median progression free survival on cabozantinib therapy was 2.1 months (95% CI: 1.3–3.9) and median overall survival from time of cabozantinib initiation was 7.7 months (95% CI: 5.3–14.9). (4) Conclusion: The optimal sequencing of therapy for patients with advanced HCC following progression on immunotherapy remains unknown. Our study demonstrates that patients may benefit from treatment with cabozantinib following progression on immunotherapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0)
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Review

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18 pages, 792 KiB  
Review
Novel Molecular Targets for Immune Surveillance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
by Pietro Guerra, Andrea Martini, Patrizia Pontisso and Paolo Angeli
Cancers 2023, 15(14), 3629; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15143629 - 15 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1437
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and aggressive cancer with a high mortality rate. The incidence of HCC is increasing worldwide, and the lack of effective screening programs often results in delayed diagnosis, making it a challenging disease to manage. Immunotherapy has emerged [...] Read more.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common and aggressive cancer with a high mortality rate. The incidence of HCC is increasing worldwide, and the lack of effective screening programs often results in delayed diagnosis, making it a challenging disease to manage. Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment option for different kinds of cancers, with the potential to stimulate the immune system to target cancer cells. However, the current immunotherapeutic approaches for HCC have shown limited efficacy. Since HCC arises within a complex tumour microenvironment (TME) characterized by the presence of various immune and stromal cell types, the understanding of this interaction is crucial for the identification of effective therapy. In this review, we highlight recent advances in our understanding of the TME of HCC and the immune cells involved in anti-tumour responses, including the identification of new possible targets for immunotherapy. We illustrate a possible classification of HCC based on the tumour immune infiltration and give evidence about the role of SerpinB3, a serine protease inhibitor involved in the regulation of the immune response in different cancers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) 2.0)
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