Dear Colleagues,

Human activities can cause significant changes in the balances and interactions between water and soil matrices: intensive agriculture, industrialisation, urbanisation, and deforestation can alter the water balance and the cycle of nutrients, significantly modifying the state of environmental matrices, leading to problems such as pollution of water resources, soil depletion, and loss of biodiversity. Early understanding of these changes is essential to implement strategies to mitigate the negative impacts of human activities on the environment as soon as possible.

The sector of monitoring water and soil matrices is characterised by the high degree of innovation necessary to provide concrete and practical responses to these environmental challenges. The driving force of innovation is the need to implement monitoring methodologies that consider the complexity of environmental systems and provide concrete and practical responses to various levels of complexity aimed at restoring an excellent quality status of the matrices when compromised by the presence of pollutants.

Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to collect the most significant contributions regarding the advancement of applied and theoretical research aimed at monitoring and characterising the state of water and soil matrices to obtain results that can be directly used to start actions to protect natural resources and restore them to an acceptable quality state.

Dr. Carmine Massarelli
Guest Editor

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• technologies and methodologies
• pollution monitoring and prevention
• environmental impacts and assessments
• ecosystem conservation
• decision support system