Preventive Medicine and Community Health

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Preventive Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2024) | Viewed by 3114

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Medicine of Community, Information and Health Decision Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Interests: preventive medicine; primary health care; ethics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the fight against disease, the medicine always searched the way to change the natural history of the diseases. We call it treatment if the disease is already settled and prevention if we are anticipating its occurrence. Prevention means therefore the capacity to intervene for health promotion. It encompasses several dimensions, from the medical care to education, food, environment, shelter, adequate income, social justice, and a stable and peaceful eco-system.

In this special issue, we want to expand the way we see preventive medicine, including the health promotion with protection of health and diseases’ prevention, and the all other biopsychosocial determinants of health. We look forward the original research able to mix these factors and to bring new knowledge about the way they adjust each other and they impact on the patients individually or in group. Case reports of health education efforts are also welcome.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health.

Dr. Paulo Santos
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • health promotion
  • preventive health services
  • primary prevention
  • secondary prevention
  • tertiary prevention
  • quaternary prevention
  • literacy for health
  • health education
  • healthy people programs
  • screening
  • immunization

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 248 KiB  
Article
Developing a Theory-Based Instrument for Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Uptake in People of Color Using a Qualitative Approach
by Siddharth Raich, Christopher Johansen, Neeraj Bhandari, Kavita Batra and Manoj Sharma
Healthcare 2024, 12(16), 1595; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12161595 - 10 Aug 2024
Viewed by 1011
Abstract
There is a large disparity in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among communities of color compared to White Americans. There is also a lack of theory-based survey instruments to measure the underlying reasons for the disparity among communities of color. The purpose of this [...] Read more.
There is a large disparity in Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) utilization among communities of color compared to White Americans. There is also a lack of theory-based survey instruments to measure the underlying reasons for the disparity among communities of color. The purpose of this study was to create an instrument based on a qualitative approach involving community interviews. Semi-structured interviews guided by the Multi-theory Model (MTM) of health behavior change were performed in a sample of 12 members from communities of color. The analysis entailed a directed content analysis along the themes of MTM constructs to develop a survey instrument. The barriers to PrEP that emerged included the cost of PrEP, lack of protection from other sexually transmitted diseases, reduced trust between partners, and the stigma associated with PrEP. The perceived disadvantages included the potential cost of PrEP, partner mistrust when taking PrEP, discussion of sexual behaviors with a provider, and unclear process of acquiring the PrEP prescription. The results guided the development of a survey tool to further investigate aspects of cost, partner relations, stigma, reassurance of safety, and other factors. The tool can be used for future studies as part of guided interventions to increase PrEP uptake. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Medicine and Community Health)
14 pages, 236 KiB  
Article
Factors Influencing Willingness to Undergo Lung Cancer Screening in the Future: A Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese University Students
by Yukihiro Mori, Manato Seguchi, Yoko Iio, Yuka Aoyama, Mamoru Tanaka, Hana Kozai and Morihiro Ito
Healthcare 2024, 12(8), 849; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12080849 - 17 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1266
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is currently the leading cause of cancer deaths in Japan. Early detection through lung cancer screening (LCS) is important for reducing mortality. Therefore, exploring the factors affecting willingness to undergo LCS, particularly among young people, is important. This study aimed [...] Read more.
Lung cancer (LC) is currently the leading cause of cancer deaths in Japan. Early detection through lung cancer screening (LCS) is important for reducing mortality. Therefore, exploring the factors affecting willingness to undergo LCS, particularly among young people, is important. This study aimed to elucidate the inclination toward LCS and its determining factors among Japanese university students. This cross-sectional study, involving 10,969 Japanese university students, was conducted in April 2023. A Pearson’s chi-square test and a binomial logistic regression analysis were used to analyze factors related to the dependent variable, willingness to undergo LCS in the future. Out of the 6779 participants (61.8%) involved in this study, 6504 (95.9%) provided valid responses, and 4609 (70.9%) expressed a willingness to undergo LCS in the future. Analysis revealed current smoking as a barrier to future willingness to undergo LCS. Other barriers included postponing the age of screening, anxiety about the screening content, and concerns about the possibility of having cancer after screening. Addressing barriers, such as current smoking and anxiety about screening, that prevent young people from undergoing LCS in the future is crucial. Therefore, universities should provide opportunities to educate students about LCS and explore various educational methods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Preventive Medicine and Community Health)
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