Vine Cultivation in an Increasingly Warming World

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Viticulture".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 3378

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Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, Via Casamassima n. 148, 70010 Turi, Italy
Interests: table grapes; plant physiology; covering systems; agrovoltaics systems; wine grapes; soil management
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Guest Editor
Council for Agricultural Research and Economics - Research Center for Viticulture and Enology, Via XXVIII Aprile 26, 31015 Conegliano, Italy
Interests: grape genetics and genomics; plant breeding; molecular biology; phytopathology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is focused on vine cultivation, both table and wine grapes, in relation to climate change and the need to introduce water- and energy-saving techniques and technologies to safeguard productivity, sustainability, and biodiversity in the vineyards.

The Special Issue is intended to include articles related to the adaptation of viticulture to climate change in order to maintain yield and quality, improving vine resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and developing new varieties.

Dr. Antonio Coletta
Prof. Dr. Luigi De Bellis
Dr. Riccardo Velasco
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • cultivar
  • rootstock
  • hybrid vines
  • water stress
  • biostimulant
  • fertilization
  • precision viticulture
  • photovoltaic in the vineyard
  • selective radiation
  • covering systems

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 1549 KiB  
Article
Phenological Evaluation of Minority Grape Varieties in the Wine Region of Madrid as a Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change
by Francisco Emmanuel Espinosa-Roldán, Andrés García-Díaz, Eva Raboso, Julia Crespo, Félix Cabello, Fernando Martínez de Toda and Gregorio Muñoz-Organero
Horticulturae 2024, 10(4), 353; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040353 - 3 Apr 2024
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Abstract
In this study, a total of 34 Spanish minority varieties were studied during four seasons from 2020 to 2023, and their behavior was characterized according to their main phenological stages (bud break, bloom, veraison, and maturity) and complete cycle. We focused on the [...] Read more.
In this study, a total of 34 Spanish minority varieties were studied during four seasons from 2020 to 2023, and their behavior was characterized according to their main phenological stages (bud break, bloom, veraison, and maturity) and complete cycle. We focused on the varieties prospected in the central Spanish plateau and conserved in the “El Encín” grapevine collection, aiming to identify the potential for adaptation of these varieties and for them to be considered by winegrowers as an alternative to current climate change conditions. The growing degree days required for the expression of the phenological stage, and the duration of each stage, were compiled. Characteristics of oenological interest were also monitored, such as °Brix, pH, and titratable acidity in must at the time of harvest. This study was carried out in years with atypical snowfall and cold spells (winter 2021), as well as with heat waves (summer 2022), with average temperatures 3–5 °C higher than normal and absolute maximum temperatures over 40 °C. Both cases also exceeded records of historical series (1957–2019). Veraison has been identified as the stage most susceptible to damage from high temperatures, in addition to the maturation and duration of the complete cycle. The varieties were classified into five groups according to the duration of each phenological stage (very early, early, medium, late, and very late). Some varieties with late or very late maturation and with must characteristics of 20–23 °Brix, 3–5 g/L of titratable acidity, and pH 3.5–4.5, as well as others, retained stability in their phenological periodicity and must quality. The results suggest that special attention should be given to thoroughly evaluating these varieties, and that the strategies contemplated should be considered as a feasible cultivation alternative in viticulture to mitigate the effects of climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vine Cultivation in an Increasingly Warming World)
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17 pages, 2063 KiB  
Article
Viticultural Climate Indexes and Their Role in The Prediction of Anthocyanins and Other Flavonoids Content in Seedless Table Grapes
by Pasquale Crupi, Vittorio Alba, Giovanni Gentilesco, Marica Gasparro, Giuseppe Ferrara, Andrea Mazzeo and Antonio Coletta
Horticulturae 2024, 10(1), 28; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010028 - 28 Dec 2023
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Abstract
Background: Viticulture bioclimatic indexes like the Heliothermal Index (HI), Cool Night Index (CI), and Dryness Index (DI), can be used to assess the influence of climate on grapes’ quality. Methods: HI, CI, and DI + total seasonal irrigation were utilized to assess the [...] Read more.
Background: Viticulture bioclimatic indexes like the Heliothermal Index (HI), Cool Night Index (CI), and Dryness Index (DI), can be used to assess the influence of climate on grapes’ quality. Methods: HI, CI, and DI + total seasonal irrigation were utilized to assess the effect of climate on the flavonoids content and composition of two Vitis vinifera seedless varieties, ‘Summer Royal’ and ‘Crimson Seedless’, both grown in Apulia (Southern Italy). Results: The flavonoids content was significantly affected by variety and climate conditions on the base of HI, CI, and DI + total seasonal irrigation. Factor analysis applied to climate indexes and flavonoids showed that anthocyanins and flavonols were negatively and positively correlated to CI in both varieties, respectively. Additionally, warmer night temperatures determined higher fla-van-3-ols. HI increase promoted anthocyanins, flavonols, and flavan-3-ols content in Crimson Seedless, whilst it induced an opposite trend in Summer Royal. Finally, DI + total seasonal irrigation showed to be positively linked to flavonols content and negatively linked to anthocyanins content just in the case of Crimson Seedless. Significant regression models were also determined between climate indexes and productive parameters (i.e., yield, TSS, TA, pH, bunch, and berry weight). Conclusions: Climate indexes HI, CI, and DI + total seasonal irrigation showed an effect on quality grape parameters like flavonoids and contributed to building predictive models when new climatic zones are going to be evaluated for the production of table grapes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vine Cultivation in an Increasingly Warming World)
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Review

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24 pages, 30645 KiB  
Review
Propagating Terroir Revival in the Negev: How the Wine Industry Can Amplify Its Resilience to Climate Adversity through a Deeper Understanding of Historic Dryland Viticulture
by Joshua Schmidt and Guy Bar-Oz
Horticulturae 2024, 10(9), 917; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10090917 - 28 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Based on an examination of the outlooks and practices held by past and present Negev desert viticulturists vis-à-vis their environs, the article offers insights into how the wine sector can bolster its response to current climate adversity. The discussion fuses bio-archaeological research on [...] Read more.
Based on an examination of the outlooks and practices held by past and present Negev desert viticulturists vis-à-vis their environs, the article offers insights into how the wine sector can bolster its response to current climate adversity. The discussion fuses bio-archaeological research on the evolution of ancient grape cultivars (Vitis vinifera) in the Negev with an extensive ethnographic inquiry into the ongoing wine revival in arid southern Israel. Ancient DNA analysis of relic grape material led to the identification of an historical Negev viticulture lineage. The findings provide a temporal framework for contextualizing tphe interrelated anthropological data obtained on contemporary dryland viticulturalists and wine makers in Israel. Since the climate in the Negev has remained relatively stable over the last several millennia, it makes for an apt point of comparison via which to gauge the outlooks held by both historical and modern viticulturalists towards the local landscape. We suggest enacting two evidence-based adjustments to counter ecological instabilities: the holistic revival and applied renewal of historical cultivars, and the attendant agronomic routines that sustained their growth in the past. A more nuanced understanding of the unique terroir arid viticulturalists are operating in, together with the learned incorporation of the hardy genetic traits of age-old cultivars, will benefit wine growers to attune their responses to the array of challenges wrought by climate change on the wine industry. It is therefore our hope that the research methodologies and heritage-oriented horticultural perspectives we present in this paper will prove beneficial to broader wine growing regions (pax-Mediterranean and beyond) who are fortunate to likewise possess their own rich viticultural histories and lineages. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vine Cultivation in an Increasingly Warming World)
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