International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

Research

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10 pages, 1617 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Combination of Risks of BMI and Health-Related Lifestyles on Kidney Function in the Prediabetic Japanese Population: A Prospective Cohort Study

by Jou-Yin Chen, Shiqi Deng and Yukiko Wagatsuma

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(7), 5338; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20075338 - 30 Mar 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1294

Abstract

Diabetic overweight patients are more likely to show the progression of kidney damage than the general population. The majority of people in the early stages of kidney damage do not recognize the importance of risk modification, mainly due to the asymptomatic nature of [...] Read more.

Diabetic overweight patients are more likely to show the progression of kidney damage than the general population. The majority of people in the early stages of kidney damage do not recognize the importance of risk modification, mainly due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease. This study aimed to examine specific risk combinations of lifestyle and BMI regarding the deterioration of kidney function and to explore whether there are gender-based differences among the prediabetic population. Prediabetic participants with normal kidney function were identified via annual health examination from April 2016 to March 2019. The information on health status and lifestyle was collected at enrollment. The study subjects were followed until March 2021 to observe the progression of kidney damage. There were 2241 participants enrolled in this study. Smoking (HR = 3.5, p < 0.001), eating snacks (HR = 3.2, p < 0.001), not engaging in regular exercise (HR = 2.9, p < 0.001), and not having adequate sleep (HR = 3.0, p < 0.001) showed accelerated risks for kidney damage progression among the prediabetic population in males. These lifestyle effects were not observed in females. In conclusion, risk-based modification of lifestyle behavior is important to prevent kidney function damage among the overweight prediabetic population in males. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Healthcare of Chronic Kidney Disease)

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12 pages, 1840 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association between 3-Year Repetitive Isolated Hematuria and eGFR Deterioration in an Apparently Healthy Population: A Retrospective Cohort Study

by Mami Ishida, Keiichi Matsuzaki, Hitoshi Suzuki, Yusuke Suzuki, Takashi Kawamura, Yoshinori Marunaka and Taku Iwami

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11466; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811466 - 12 Sep 2022

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1475

Abstract

Microscopic hematuria is being increasingly recognized as a major indicator of kidney deterioration. Persistent hematuria may better detect estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) deterioration and potential glomerulonephritis. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the associations between persistent hematuria: the frequency or [...] Read more.

Microscopic hematuria is being increasingly recognized as a major indicator of kidney deterioration. Persistent hematuria may better detect estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) deterioration and potential glomerulonephritis. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to investigate the associations between persistent hematuria: the frequency or consistency of positive dipstick hematuria defined by the preceding 3 years urinalyses, and eGFR deterioration over 5 years and abnormal urinalyses suggesting potential glomerulonephritis (hematuria 1+ or higher, 2+ or higher, proteinuria, and hematuria and proteinuria) 5 years later, among adult participants with positive dipstick hematuria at baseline in a large-scale Japanese health checkup setting (n = 2104). There was no significant association between persistent hematuria and eGFR deterioration over 5 years. The higher the frequency of preceding hematuria, the greater the RR of hematuria 5 years later; RRs of hematuria with preceding thrice, twice, or once hematuria were 3.64 [95% CI, 3.11–4.25], 2.97 [95% CI, 2.52–3.51], or 1.91 [95% CI, 1.58–2.30] for “hematuria 1+ or higher,” and 7.13 [95% CI, 5.17–9.83], 4.26 [95% CI, 3.02–6.02], or 2.23 [95% CI, 1.52–3.27] for “hematuria 2+ or higher”. The presence of both hematuria and proteinuria 5 years later was only associated with preceding thrice hematuria (RR: 2.35 [95% CI, 1.37–4.03]). In conclusion, persistent hematuria for 3 years was associated with hematuria and proteinuria that were suggesting glomerulonephritis, but not associated with eGFR deterioration over 5 years. Multiple dipstick urinalyses over years can add some values to detect potential glomerulonephritis as an early sign of chronic kidney diseases. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Healthcare of Chronic Kidney Disease)

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Review

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24 pages, 947 KiB

Open AccessReview

Lupus, DNA Methylation, and Air Pollution: A Malicious Triad

by Leen Rasking, Céline Roelens, Ben Sprangers, Bernard Thienpont, Tim S. Nawrot and Katrien De Vusser

Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 15050; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192215050 - 15 Nov 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2260

Abstract

The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains elusive to this day; however, genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors have been implicated to be involved in disease pathogenesis. Recently, it was demonstrated that in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, interferon-regulated genes are hypomethylated in [...] Read more.

The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remains elusive to this day; however, genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors have been implicated to be involved in disease pathogenesis. Recently, it was demonstrated that in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, interferon-regulated genes are hypomethylated in naïve CD4⁺ T cells, CD19⁺ B lymphocytes, and CD14⁺ monocytes. This suggests that interferon-regulated genes may have been epigenetically poised in SLE patients for rapid expression upon stimulation by different environmental factors. Additionally, environmental studies have identified DNA (hypo)methylation changes as a potential mechanism of environmentally induced health effects in utero, during childhood and in adults. Finally, epidemiologic studies have firmly established air pollution as a crucial SLE risk factor, as studies showed an association between fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and traditional SLE biomarkers related to disease flare, hospital admissions, and an increased SLEDAI score. In this review, the relationship between aberrant epigenetic regulation, the environment, and the development of SLE will be discussed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Healthcare of Chronic Kidney Disease)

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