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Innovation in Diagnosis and Management of Early Stage Cancer of Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Care Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2024) | Viewed by 7046

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Carmelo Saraniti

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
ENT Clinic, Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
Interests: larynx; head and neck surgery; oncology; laryngectomy; nose and paranasal sinuses; endoscopic surgery

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The treatment of head - neck tumors can have a negative impact on patients’ functionality and aesthetics. In fact, in many cases, surgery can be very destructive and it can significantly change the aesthetic appearance and function of organs and systems that ensure the vital functions of each individual and, therefore, affect their quality of life (swallowing, phonation and articulation of words, breathing). To date, head and neck oncologist specialists have access to various diagnostic tools that allow to detect neoplastic lesions in the early stage, thus limiting invasiveness and surgical demolition with minimal impact or in some cases without impairment of patients’ functions and quality of life. Therefore, the purpose of this topic issue is to analyze the whole armamentarium - in the preoperative, intraoperative and follow-up - or what still needs to be investigated and studied in order to define the best and most precise diagnostic tool possible, compared to the current gold standard, that is histological examination.

Dr. Carmelo Saraniti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Laryngeal cancer
  • pharyngeal cancer
  • oral cavity cancer
  • diagnostic tools
  • narrow-band imaging
  • autofluorescence
  • optical coherence tomography
  • contact endoscopy
  • early cancer diagnosis.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 2165 KiB  
Article
High-Frequency Intraoral Ultrasound for Preoperative Assessment of Depth of Invasion for Early Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Radiological–Pathological Correlations
by Simone Caprioli, Alessandro Casaleggio, Alberto Stefano Tagliafico, Cristina Conforti, Fabio Borda, Martina Fiannacca, Marta Filauro, Andrea Iandelli, Filippo Marchi, Giampiero Parrinello, Giorgio Peretti and Giuseppe Cittadini
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(22), 14900; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192214900 - 12 Nov 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 1289
Abstract
The eighth edition of the TNM classification officially introduced “depth of invasion” (DOI) as a criterion for determining the T stage in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The DOI is a well-known independent risk factor for nodal metastases. In fact, several experts strongly suggest [...] Read more.
The eighth edition of the TNM classification officially introduced “depth of invasion” (DOI) as a criterion for determining the T stage in tongue squamous cell carcinoma. The DOI is a well-known independent risk factor for nodal metastases. In fact, several experts strongly suggest elective neck dissection for tongue cancer with a DOI > 4 mm due to the high risk of early and occult nodal metastases. Imaging plays a pivotal role in preoperative assessments of the DOI and, hence, in planning the surgical approach. Intraoral ultrasound (IOUS) has been proposed for early-stage SCC of the oral tongue as an alternative to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for local staging. The aim of this work is to investigate the accuracy of IOUS in the assessment of the DOI in early oral SCC (CIS, pT1, and pT2). A total of 41 patients with tongue SCCs (CIS-T2) underwent a preoperative high-frequency IOUS. An IOUS was performed using a small-size, high-frequency hockey-stick linear probe. The ultrasonographic DOI (usDOI) was retrospectively compared to the pathological DOI (pDOI) as the standard reference. In patients who underwent a preoperative MRI, their usDOI, magnetic resonance DOI (mriDOI), and pDOI were compared. Specificity and sensitivity for the IOUS to predict a pDOI > 4 mm and to differentiate invasive and noninvasive tumors were also evaluated. A high correlation was found between the pDOI and usDOI, pDOI and mriDOI, and usDOI and mriDOI (Spearman’s ρ = 0.84, p < 0.0001, Spearman’s ρ = 0.79, p < 0.0001, and Spearman’s ρ = 0.91, p < 0.0001, respectively). A Bland–Altman plot showed a high agreement between the usDOI and pDOI, even though a mean systematic error was found between the usDOI and pDOI (0.7 mm), mriDOI and pDOI (1.6 mm), and usDOI and mriDOI (−0.7 mm). The IOUS was accurate at determining the T stage (p < 0.0001). The sensitivity and specificity for the IOUS to predict a pDOI ≥4 mm were 92.31% and 82.14%, respectively, with an AUC of 0.87 (p < 0.0001). The specificity, sensitivity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) for the IOUS to predict an invasive cancer were 100%, 94.7%, 60%, and 100%, respectively. The AUC was 0.8 (95% CI 0.646–0.908, p < 0.0001). The IOUS was accurate in a preoperative assessment of a pDOI and T stage, and can be proposed as an alternative to MRI in the preoperative staging of tongue SCC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Diagnosis and Management of Early Stage Cancer of Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx)
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Review

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18 pages, 5934 KiB  
Review
Autofluorescence Image-Guided Endoscopy in the Management of Upper Aerodigestive Tract Tumors
by Norhafiza Mat Lazim, Abdul Hafeez Kandhro, Anna Menegaldo, Giacomo Spinato, Barbara Verro and Baharudin Abdullah
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 159; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010159 - 22 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1984
Abstract
At this juncture, autofluorescence and narrow-band imaging have resurfaced in the medicine arena in parallel with current technology advancement. The emergence of newly developed optical instrumentation in addition to the discovery of new fluorescence biomolecules have contributed to a refined management of diseases [...] Read more.
At this juncture, autofluorescence and narrow-band imaging have resurfaced in the medicine arena in parallel with current technology advancement. The emergence of newly developed optical instrumentation in addition to the discovery of new fluorescence biomolecules have contributed to a refined management of diseases and tumors, especially in the management of upper aerodigestive tract tumors. The advancement in multispectral imaging and micro-endoscopy has also escalated the trends further in the setting of the management of this tumor, in order to gain not only the best treatment outcomes but also facilitate early tumor diagnosis. This includes the usage of autofluorescence endoscopy for screening, diagnosis and treatment of this tumor. This is crucial, as microtumoral deposit at the periphery of the gross tumor can be only assessed via an enhanced endoscopy and even more precisely with autofluorescence endoscopic techniques. Overall, with this new technique, optimum management can be achieved for these patients. Hence, the treatment outcomes can be improved and patients are able to attain better prognosis and survival. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Diagnosis and Management of Early Stage Cancer of Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx)
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Other

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7 pages, 977 KiB  
Systematic Review
NBI and Laryngeal Papillomatosis: A Diagnostic Challenge: A Systematic Review
by Carmelo Saraniti, Salvatore Gallina and Barbara Verro
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8716; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148716 - 18 Jul 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3090
Abstract
Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) show similar vascular patterns that may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This review aims to deepen this NBI [...] Read more.
Narrow-band imaging (NBI) represents a valid aid in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) diagnosis for detecting vascular changes. However, LSCC and laryngeal papillomatosis (LP) show similar vascular patterns that may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This review aims to deepen this NBI limit in order to stress a careful preoperative evaluation of laryngeal lesions. The research was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus databases using specific keywords. The topic of research was assessed by these parameters: accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. This review included only five articles: they demonstrated that NBI is better than white-light endoscopy in detecting LSCC and LP. They also reported that LP is frequently mistaken for LSCC, resulting in high rates of false positives using NBI. This is the first review that emphasized this NBI limitation in distinguishing between LP and LSCC in cases of a type V pattern of intraepithelial papillary capillary loop. Although NBI application increased the rate of early cancer detection, LP reduces NBI accuracy. This drawback may lead to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. Our advice is to be careful in cases of type V pattern on NBI and to research LP epithelial and clinical features because it could be a pitfall. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovation in Diagnosis and Management of Early Stage Cancer of Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx)
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