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Solid Waste Pretreatment, Treatment and Disposal
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Solid Waste Pretreatment, Treatment and Disposal

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Chemoenvironment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2023) | Viewed by 5410

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xinye Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials Cycling and Pollution Control, School of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210042, China
Interests: solid waste; fly ash; chemical treatment; waste management; thermal treatment; heavy metal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lu Dong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: solid waste; fly ash; chemical treatment; waste management; thermal treatment; heavy metal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Solid waste is usually derived from human activities of daily life, industrial production, agricultural production, animal husbandry production, etc. The improper disposal of solid waste causes great harm to the environment through air pollution, water pollution and soil pollution. In addition, the occupation of land by solid waste limits the development of many areas with a shortage of land resources.

Since the first agricultural civilizations of 10,000 years ago, humankind has developed biological methods and incineration methods to turn feces and agricultural waste into fertilizer. The industrial revolution of more than 200 years ago caused a significant increase in urban population density and the rapid development of the manufacturing industry, resulting in increasingly more serious problems caused by solid waste. Therefore, the corresponding treatment and disposal technologies developed rapidly. Today, incineration, landfill, fermentation, resource utilization, and other technologies have been widely used, but there are still great challenges for the consideration of lower environmental and climate impacts (heavy metals, organic pollutants, CO2 emission, etc.) and more recycling of resources (ashes, etc.). In addition, there are many new types of solid wastes (waste photovoltaic modules, waste wind turbine blades, etc.) which are expected to be produced in large quantities in the near future but cannot be treated using existing technology. Consequently, it is necessary to upgrade existing and develop new technologies to meet the requirements of the new era.

This Special Issue seeks research papers on new findings and evaluation of traditional processes and the development of novel processes and corresponding policy analysis for solid waste pre-treatment, treatment, and disposal. We particularly encourage the submission of interdisciplinary research and multi-country collaborative research.

Dr. Xinye Wang
Dr. Lu Dong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • solid waste
  • thermal treatment
  • chemical treatment
  • biological treatment
  • physical treatment
  • landfill
  • resource utilization
  • dehydration
  • dechlorination
  • heavy metals emission
  • organic pollutant emission
  • CO2 emission

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 3297 KiB  
Article
Formation of Recalcitrant Compounds during Anaerobic Digestion of Thermally Pre-Treated Sludge: A Critical Macromolecular and Structural Study
by Eduardo Ortega-Martínez, Rolando Chamy and David Jeison
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(1), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010558 - 29 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1340
Abstract
Thermal hydrolysis, when used as pre-treatment, enhances the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge; moreover, due to the high temperature normally applied, undesirable recalcitrant compounds via Maillard reactions may also be formed. However, although the appearance of these recalcitrant compounds is widely reported, more [...] Read more.
Thermal hydrolysis, when used as pre-treatment, enhances the anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge; moreover, due to the high temperature normally applied, undesirable recalcitrant compounds via Maillard reactions may also be formed. However, although the appearance of these recalcitrant compounds is widely reported, more information on the formation, structure, and fate of these compounds is still needed. This study was focused on understanding the amount and whereabouts of such compounds during the anaerobic digestion process with thermal pre-treatment in soluble and total phase and advance in its structural identification by analyzing their infrared (IR) spectra. It was found that, even with the improved methane production and COD degradation, at 165 °C for 30 min, humic-like compounds are formed which could not be degraded at the anaerobic digestion step. These compounds account for 25% of the original sludge. Infrared spectroscopy proved to be a powerful technique, permitting their differentiation from the natural humic-like compounds. This research provides new information about the structure of melanoidins at every stage of the thermal hydrolysis pre-treatment and how they contribute to the dissolved organic nitrogen. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Pretreatment, Treatment and Disposal)
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17 pages, 4405 KiB  
Article
Preparation of Alkali Activated Cementitious Material by Upgraded Fly Ash from MSW Incineration
by Hongwei Chen, Runbo Zhao, Wu Zuo, Guanghui Dong, Dongyang He, Tengfei Zheng, Changqi Liu, Hao Xie and Xinye Wang
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13666; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013666 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1594
Abstract
Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) can avoid land occupation and environmental risks of landfill. In this paper, MSWI-FA was used to prepare alkali activated cementitious materials (AACMs) after two-step pretreatment. The ash calcination at 450 °C removed 93% of [...] Read more.
Utilization of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWI-FA) can avoid land occupation and environmental risks of landfill. In this paper, MSWI-FA was used to prepare alkali activated cementitious materials (AACMs) after two-step pretreatment. The ash calcination at 450 °C removed 93% of dioxins. The alkali washing with 0.2 g NaOH/g ash removed 89% of chlorine and retained almost 100% of calcium. The initial setting time of AACMs was too short to detect for 20% of MSWI-FA addition, and the prepared block had extensive cracks and expansion for CaClOH and CaSO4 inside. Alkaline washing pretreatment increased the initial setting time by longer than 3 min with 30% ash addition and eliminated the cracks and expansion. The significance of the factors for compressive strength followed the modulus of alkali activator > silica fume amount > alkaline washing MSWI fly ash (AW-MSWI-FA) amount. When the activator modulus was 1.2, 1.4 and 1.6, the blocks with 30% of AW-MSWI-FA had a compressive strength of up to 36.73, 32.61 and 16.06 MPa, meeting MU15 grade. The leaching test shows that these AACM blocks were not hazardous waste and almost no Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Ba, Ni, Be and Ag were released in the leaching solution. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Pretreatment, Treatment and Disposal)
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12 pages, 2804 KiB  
Article
Influence of CaO on Physical and Environmental Properties of Granulated Copper Slag: Melting Behavior, Grindability and Leaching Behavior
by Lijun Sun, Yan Feng, Daolin Wang, Chongchong Qi and Xuemin Zeng
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(20), 13543; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013543 - 19 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1772
Abstract
Due to its potential pozzolanic activity, granulated copper slag (GCS) has been proven to act as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) after thermochemical modification with CaO. This modification method reduces cement consumption and CO2 emissions; however, the additional energy consumption and environmental [...] Read more.
Due to its potential pozzolanic activity, granulated copper slag (GCS) has been proven to act as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) after thermochemical modification with CaO. This modification method reduces cement consumption and CO2 emissions; however, the additional energy consumption and environmental properties are also not negligible. This paper aims to evaluate the economics and environmental properties of thermochemically modified GCS with CaO through the melting temperature, grindability, and heavy metal leaching characteristics. The X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) results indicated that the composition of the modified GCS shifted to the field close to that of class C fly ash (FA-C) in the CaO-SiO2-Al2O3 ternary phase diagram, demonstrating higher pozzolanic activity. The test results on melting behavior and grindability revealed that adding CaO in amounts ranging from 5 wt% to 20 wt% decreased the melting temperature while increasing the BET surface area, thus significantly improving the thermochemical modification’s economics. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the cement paste blended with 20 wt% CaO added to the modified GCS after curing reached 17.3, 33.6, and 42.9 MPa after curing for 7, 28, and 90 d, respectively. It even exceeded that of Portland cement paste at 28 d and 90 d curings. The leaching results of blended cement proved that the heavy metal elements showed different trends with increased CaO content in modified GCS, but none exceeded the limit values. This paper provides a valuable reference for evaluating thermochemically modified GCS’s economics and environmental properties for use as SCM. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Solid Waste Pretreatment, Treatment and Disposal)
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