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Oncogenes in Gastrointestinal Cancer
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Oncogenes in Gastrointestinal Cancer

A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2024) | Viewed by 3000

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Gregory Christodoulidis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Surgery, General University Hospital of Larissa, Mezourlo, 41110 Larissa, Greece
Interests: proto-oncogenes; oncogenes; gastrointestinal cancer; biomarkers; antitumor agents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Even though the majority of cancer incidents is sporadic, there are certain genes that run through families and increase the risk of cancer development. These genes play a part in cell cycle, cell growth, cell differentiation and cell death and are called oncogenes. A variety of oncogenes has been found to play a role in GI tract cancer development. The products of oncogenes are growth factors, growth factor receptors, signal transducers and other. In case of clinically present cancer surgical excision with curative intent is the mainstay. However, certain agents have been developed that target oncogenes and oncogene products that could potentially treat cancer even before it arises.

In this special issue of the IJMS we will focus on the role of oncogene targeting agents in the treatment of cancer, the role of surgery in oncogene related cancers, as well as the prognostic value of various biomarkers and their significance in clinical practice. Original research articles, reviews, opinions and perspectives are welcome.

Dr. Gregory Christodoulidis
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

27 pages, 816 KiB  
Review
Gastric Cancer in the Era of Epigenetics
by Grigorios Christodoulidis, Konstantinos-Eleftherios Koumarelas, Marina-Nektaria Kouliou, Eleni Thodou and Maria Samara
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25(6), 3381; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25063381 - 16 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1294
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality. Novel high-throughput techniques have enlightened the epigenetic mechanisms governing gene-expression regulation. Epigenetic characteristics contribute to molecular taxonomy and give rise to cancer-specific epigenetic patterns. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection has an impact on aberrant [...] Read more.
Gastric cancer (GC) remains a significant contributor to cancer-related mortality. Novel high-throughput techniques have enlightened the epigenetic mechanisms governing gene-expression regulation. Epigenetic characteristics contribute to molecular taxonomy and give rise to cancer-specific epigenetic patterns. Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection has an impact on aberrant DNA methylation either through its pathogenic CagA protein or by inducing chronic inflammation. The hypomethylation of specific repetitive elements generates an epigenetic field effect early in tumorigenesis. Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection triggers DNA methylation by dysregulating DNA methyltransferases (DNMT) enzyme activity, while persistent Hp-EBV co-infection leads to aggressive tumor behavior. Distinct histone modifications are also responsible for oncogene upregulation and tumor-suppressor gene silencing in gastric carcinomas. While histone methylation and acetylation processes have been extensively studied, other less prevalent alterations contribute to the development and migration of gastric cancer via a complex network of interactions. Enzymes, such as Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), which is involved in tumor’s metabolic reprogramming, interact with methyltransferases and modify gene expression. Non-coding RNA molecules, including long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and miRNAs serve as epigenetic regulators contributing to GC development, metastasis, poor outcomes and therapy resistance. Serum RNA molecules hold the potential to serve as non-invasive biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic or therapeutic applications. Gastric fluids represent a valuable source to identify potential biomarkers with diagnostic use in terms of liquid biopsy. Ongoing clinical trials are currently evaluating the efficacy of next-generation epigenetic drugs, displaying promising outcomes. Various approaches including multiple miRNA inhibitors or targeted nanoparticles carrying epigenetic drugs are being designed to enhance existing treatment efficacy and overcome treatment resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncogenes in Gastrointestinal Cancer)
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12 pages, 273 KiB  
Review
The Genomic Signatures of Linitis Plastica Signal the Entrance into a New Era: Novel Approaches for Diagnosis and Treatment
by Grigorios Christodoulidis, Konstantinos Eleftherios Koumarelas, Marina Nektaria Kouliou, Maria Samara, Eleni Thodou and Dimitris Zacharoulis
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(19), 14680; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241914680 - 28 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1218
Abstract
Linitis Plastica (LP) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a distinctive development pattern, leading to the infiltration of the gastric wall, the thickening of the gastric folds and a “leather bottle appearance”. LP is an extremely heterogeneous tumor caused by mutations in [...] Read more.
Linitis Plastica (LP) is a rare and aggressive tumor with a distinctive development pattern, leading to the infiltration of the gastric wall, the thickening of the gastric folds and a “leather bottle appearance”. LP is an extremely heterogeneous tumor caused by mutations in oncogenic and tumor suppressive genes, as well as molecular pathways, along with mutations in stromal cells and proteins related to tight junctions. Elucidating the molecular background of tumorigenesis and clarifying the correlation between cancerous cells and stromal cells are crucial steps toward discovering novel diagnostic methods, biomarkers and therapeutic targets/agents. Surgery plays a pivotal role in LP management, serving both as a palliative and curative procedure. In this comprehensive review, we aim to present all recent data on the molecular background of LP and the novel approaches to its management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oncogenes in Gastrointestinal Cancer)
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