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Metals
Special Issues
Comprehensive Recycling of Metallurgical Solid Waste and Mineral Resources
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Comprehensive Recycling of Metallurgical Solid Waste and Mineral Resources

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Extractive Metallurgy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 May 2024 | Viewed by 3455

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Long Meng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Interests: pyrometallurgy; hydrometallurgy; extractive metallurgy; recovery and separation; secondary resources; mineral extraction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metallurgy is the basic industry of modern industrial development, providing basic raw materials for the development of most industries. With the rapid development of industry and the sharp increase in resource exploitation around the world, a lot of smelting solid waste is generated. The accumulation of smelting solid waste not only occupies a large area of land but also causes dust and heavy metals to seep into the ground, polluting the environment. Therefore, it is particularly important for the sustainable development of modern industry to carry out research on resource exploitation, smelting and the harmless recycling of solid waste.

Strengthening the research of basic science is the key to break through the exploitation of resources, smelting, and recycling of solid waste. Through the research of basic scientific problems and the research and development of new theories, new processes and new products can promote the exploitation of mineral resources, smelting and industrial solid waste resource application to a new stage and new heights, and can realize the sustainable development of mineral resource smelting and solid waste resources harmlessly.

For this Special Issue, we welcome articles that focus on the exploitation of resources, smelting, and recycling of solid waste. Research on new processes, new theories and new products that can realize the recycling of and reduction in metallurgical solid waste are of particular interest.

Dr. Long Meng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pyrometallurgy
  • hydrometallurgy
  • extractive metallurgy
  • recovery and separation
  • secondary resources
  • mineral extraction
  • rare earth
  • molten salt electrolysis
  • aluminium electrolysis

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 4773 KiB  
Article
Removal of Low-Content Impurities from Pure Al by Supergravity Combined with Semi-Solid Method
by Lu Wang, Xi Lan, Zhe Wang and Zhancheng Guo
Metals 2023, 13(12), 1945; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13121945 - 27 Nov 2023
Viewed by 646
Abstract
Recently, the purification technology for high-purity aluminum (Al) has become the focus and difficulty of the majority of researchers. In this study, a novel approach for removing iron (Fe) impurities from pure Al via combining the supergravity field and semi-solid refining was proposed. [...] Read more.
Recently, the purification technology for high-purity aluminum (Al) has become the focus and difficulty of the majority of researchers. In this study, a novel approach for removing iron (Fe) impurities from pure Al via combining the supergravity field and semi-solid refining was proposed. Various separation temperatures (T), holding times (th), and separation times (ts) were applied within a gravitational field to explore their impact on the purification process and its underlying mechanisms. The optimal conditions were achieved at T = 653 °C, th = 40 min, ts = 3 min, and a gravity coefficient G = 1000, with the loss rate of purified Al reaching up to 4.1% and the removal rate of Fe reaching 81.9%. The Fe content in pure Al was reduced from 0.32 wt.% to 0.06 wt.%. Moreover, the purified mechanism of supergravity in a semi-solid method was reported for the first time. It was concluded that supergravity could decrease the value of the effective distribution coefficient (ke), thereby promoting the continuous migration of Fe impurities at the solidification interface into the liquid phase. The Fe-rich phase in the Al melt was completely filtered to the lower part of the crucible in the supergravity field, completing the further purification of the pure Al. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Comprehensive Recycling of Metallurgical Solid Waste and Mineral Resources)
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Review

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17 pages, 287 KiB  
Review
The Use of Acid Leaching to Recover Metals from Tailings: A Review
by Valeria Maltrana and Jaime Morales
Metals 2023, 13(11), 1862; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13111862 - 8 Nov 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2528
Abstract
Mine tailings deposits are often overlooked by the industry, posing significant environmental challenges due to chemical hazards and inadequate maintenance. Nevertheless, such mineral deposits hold considerable economic potential for processing, and the adoption of innovative technologies may also address critical chemical and physical [...] Read more.
Mine tailings deposits are often overlooked by the industry, posing significant environmental challenges due to chemical hazards and inadequate maintenance. Nevertheless, such mineral deposits hold considerable economic potential for processing, and the adoption of innovative technologies may also address critical chemical and physical stability issues. Existing research has demonstrated the feasibility of recovering target metals—i.e., copper, iron, manganese, cobalt, zinc, and others—through the application of acid leaching techniques with consistently high yields and metal recovery rates. Therefore, a compilation was carried out from 2008 onwards, on working conditions such as leaching agent, acid concentration, oxidizing-reducing reagent, particle size, O2 pressure, stirring speed, solid–liquid ratio, temperature, and leaching time. At present, there are no reviews on the recovery of metals via acid leaching in tailings, so this study can serve as support for future researchers who want to project themselves in this area, ordering the procedures and the results obtained by the research carried out. Regarding the evaluation, it can be commented that research has shown that acid leaching of tailings has achieved recoveries of over 90% in different metals, such as Zn, Cu, and Fe, which indicates that the treatment is efficient and recommended for different types of tailings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Comprehensive Recycling of Metallurgical Solid Waste and Mineral Resources)
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Planned Papers

The below list represents only planned manuscripts. Some of these manuscripts have not been received by the Editorial Office yet. Papers submitted to MDPI journals are subject to peer-review.

Title: Towards the circularity of the EU steel industry: options for the recycling of the dusts and recovery of resources
Authors: Simoni M.; Di Sante L.; Cirilli F.; Praolini F.; Mosconi M.; Guzzon M.; Malfa E.; Algermissen D.; Reiter W.; Rieger J; Suer, J.
Affiliation: a RINA Consulting – Centro Sviluppo Materiali, Castel Romano, 100, 00121, Rome (IT) b K1-MET GmbH, Stahlstrasse, 14, 4020, Linz (Au) c Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe AG, 47166 Duisburg (Ger) d Dalmine SPA, Piazza Caduti 6 Luglio 1944, 24044, Dalmine (IT) e Tenova SPA, Via Monte Rosa, 93, 20149, Milan (IT) f Institut fur Baustoff-Forschung EV, Bliersheimer Strasse, 62, 47229, Duisburg (Ge)
Abstract: The EU steel industry currently accounts for a crude steel production of nearly 140 Mt/y, provided by the integrated (57 %, Blast Furnace - Basic Oxygen Furnace, BF-BOF) and electric (43 %, Electric Arc Furnace, EAF) routes, which respectively require up to 6.0 and 0.6 MWh/tCrudeSteel of energy input and emit up to 2.1 and 0.4 tCO2/tCrudeSteel. Intense research efforts are being made to lower the CO2 emissions of the steel industry, such as the direct avoidance of carbon by partially replacing conventional coke with biochar or the use of hydrogen in the Direct Iron Reduction process; alternatively, the capture and utilization of the CO2 emitted through the conventional routes might be considered. However, the environmental burden of the steel industry cannot be limited to this, given the very large amount (approximately 5 Mt) of residues, i.e., slags, dusts, scales, sludges, currently landfilled every year in the EU. Such landfilling represents a detrimental waste of resources which could be recycled internally or externally to the steel industry; such practice cannot be sustained anymore, and prompt action is strongly needed to meet the Green Deal goals envisioned by 2030. The present review paper aims to provide an overview of the main state-of-the-art technologies commercially (and not) available for the effective treatment of a wide variety of residues. To enrich this overview with further potential candidates towards a more sustainable steel manufacturing process, the combined application of two technologies at TRL5-6, being the main subject of the Horizon EU funded (co-programmed Clean Steel Partnership) ReMFRa project, is also investigated here.

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