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Metals
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New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials
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New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701). This special issue belongs to the section "Welding and Joining".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 5788

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Jacek Mucha

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
Interests: mechanical joining; joining sheets; mechanical-testing; materials-processing; mechanical-properties; finite-element-analysis; manufacturing-engineering; tool wear in metal forming processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Waldemar Witkowski

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszów University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
Interests: pressed joints; strength of mechanical joints; clinching joints; self-piercing rivet joints; ClinchRivet joints; CAD modeling; finite element method analysis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The basic processes of metallic materials joining were developed long ago. The constant technical progress of construction led to the development of new construction materials. The use of traditional joining technologies does not always provide tangible benefits. Hence, numerous studies have been conducted to develop innovative solutions and improve the effectiveness of traditional joining methods that can be applied to join new materials. Welding is a fairly old and still commonly used joining technology in the construction, automotive, and aviation industries, among many other branches of industry. There are many other joining technologies for which permanent or separable joints can be obtained, such as: gluing, riveting, pressing, screwing, plastically forming, etc. For each of the joining processes, the structure and microstructure of the joined materials before and/or during joining alters. These changes may result from plastic deformation, heat treatment, etc.

For this Special Issue of Metals, we invite you to submit scientific manuscripts that will enable other scientists to gain new theoretical and practical knowledge in the field of joining technology using welding and other joining technologies for metallic materials.

Prof. Dr. Jacek Mucha
Dr. Waldemar Witkowski
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • manufacturing
  • tools wear
  • energetic processes
  • hybrid joints
  • control processes
  • properties joints
  • joining dissimilar materials
  • microstructure
  • joints strength
  • residual stress
  • numerical modeling
  • intelligentized joining manufacturing

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 15689 KiB  
Article
Steel Sheet Deformation in Clinch-Riveting Joining Process
by Waldemar Witkowski, Jacek Mucha and Łukasz Boda
Metals 2024, 14(3), 367; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14030367 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 692
Abstract
This paper presents the deformation of a joined sheet after the clinch riveting process. The DX51D steel sheet with zinc coating was used. The samples to be joined with clinch riveting technology had a thickness of 1 ± 0.05 mm and 1.5 ± [...] Read more.
This paper presents the deformation of a joined sheet after the clinch riveting process. The DX51D steel sheet with zinc coating was used. The samples to be joined with clinch riveting technology had a thickness of 1 ± 0.05 mm and 1.5 ± 0.1 mm. The sheet deformation was measured before and after the joining process. The rivet was pressed in the sheets with the same dimension between the rivet axis and three sheet edges: 20, 30, and 40 mm. For fixed segments of the die, from the rivet side close to the rivet, the sheet deformation was greater than that of the area with movable segments. The movement of the die’s sliding element caused more sheet material to flow in the space between the fixed part of the die and movable segments. Hence, the sheet deformation in these places was smaller than for the die’s fixed element—the sheet material was less compressed. For sheet thickness values of 1.5 mm and a width value of 20 mm, the bulk of the sheet was observed. For a sheet width of 20 mm, it was observed that the deformation of the upper and lower sheets in the area of the rivet was greater than for sheet width values of 30 or 40 mm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials)
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7 pages, 7572 KiB  
Article
Microstructure Formation and Its Effect on Mechanical Properties for Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 Plasma Arc Welded Joint
by Xiaodong Hu, Lu Qin, Huanqing Wang, Lu Zhang and Xuefang Xie
Metals 2024, 14(1), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/met14010068 - 6 Jan 2024
Viewed by 918
Abstract
The control of phase balance has always been a tough challenge for the welding of duplex stainless steel, which heavily restricts its optimal serving performance in engineering. The microstructure development and mechanical characteristics of SAF2205 plasma arc welded joints were thoroughly examined in [...] Read more.
The control of phase balance has always been a tough challenge for the welding of duplex stainless steel, which heavily restricts its optimal serving performance in engineering. The microstructure development and mechanical characteristics of SAF2205 plasma arc welded joints were thoroughly examined in this paper. It was proven that the phase balance can be well controlled by plasma arc welding, and the austenite content of the welded joints was about 60%. Despite successful phase control, there was still grain coarsening and distortion; i.e., at the center of the welded zone, the gain size was about eight times that of the base metal, and the austenite was mainly in the form of grain boundary austenite and intragranular austenite, while more Widmanstatten austenites were found in the heat-affected zone. In addition, a transition region between the heat affected zone and the center exhibited columnar ferritic grains. Furthermore, the plasticity and toughness of the welded joints were significantly decreased, especially the elongation in the longitudinal direction, which is about 10% lower than that of the base metal, and transversal tensile strength remained comparable to the base metal, with only a slight reduction in longitudinal tensile strength. Lastly, the formation mechanism of microstructure and its correlation with mechanical properties were revealed. This investigation offers valuable insights into the structural integrity of duplex stainless steel welded joints in engineering applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials)
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16 pages, 2615 KiB  
Article
Stiffness and Strength of Square Hollow Section Tubes under Localised Transverse Actions
by Massimo Latour, Sabatino Di Benedetto, Antonella Bianca Francavilla, Giuseppe Elettore and Gianvittorio Rizzano
Metals 2023, 13(10), 1767; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13101767 - 18 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1176
Abstract
This manuscript explores the stiffness and strength of Square Hollow Section (SHS) tubes subjected to localised transverse actions applied to the open side of a rectangular hole created using 3D laser cutting technology (3D-LCT). Understanding the behaviour of this specific detail is crucial [...] Read more.
This manuscript explores the stiffness and strength of Square Hollow Section (SHS) tubes subjected to localised transverse actions applied to the open side of a rectangular hole created using 3D laser cutting technology (3D-LCT). Understanding the behaviour of this specific detail is crucial as it is a key component in the connections between SHS columns and passing-through IPE beams. The methodology employed in this manuscript involved developing analytical equations to predict both stiffness and strength of this structural element. The provided equations are presented in a straightforward manner and were deduced by applying elasticity principles to structural components. To validate these equations, a parametric analysis was conducted, simulating the response of 27 distinct geometric configurations of the analysed structural detail thanks to the Finite Element (FE) software. Their accuracy was confirmed by comparing the results of these simulations with the outcomes derived from the formulated equations. The primary findings indicated that the proposed equations could predict the stiffness and strength of the studied detail with an average ratio close to 1 when comparing predicted and numerical results, and a coefficient of variation of approximately 10%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials)
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21 pages, 8130 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Vapor Capillary Geometry in Laser Beam Welding of Copper with 515 nm and 1030 nm Laser Beam Sources by Means of In Situ Synchrotron X-ray Imaging
by Florian Kaufmann, Carola Forster, Marc Hummel, Alexander Olowinsky, Felix Beckmann, Julian Moosmann, Stephan Roth and Michael Schmidt
Metals 2023, 13(1), 135; https://doi.org/10.3390/met13010135 - 9 Jan 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2352
Abstract
Laser welding of copper is being used with increasing demand for contacting applications in electric components such as batteries, power electronics, and electric drives. With its local, non-contact energy input and high automation capability enabling reproducible weld quality, this joining technology represents a [...] Read more.
Laser welding of copper is being used with increasing demand for contacting applications in electric components such as batteries, power electronics, and electric drives. With its local, non-contact energy input and high automation capability enabling reproducible weld quality, this joining technology represents a key enabler of future mobility systems. However, a major challenge in process design is the combination of energy efficiency and precise process guidance in terms of weld seam depth and defect prevention (i.e., spatter and melt ejections) due to the high electrical and thermal conductivity of copper. High-power lasers in the near infrared wavelength range (𝜆 ≈ 1 μm) and excellent beam quality provide an established joining solution for this purpose; nevertheless, the low absorptivity (≤5%) advocates novel beam sources at visible wavelengths due to altered absorptivity (40% at 515 nm) characteristics as an improved tool. In order to understand the influence of laser wavelength and process parameters on the vapor capillary geometry, in situ synchrotron investigations on Cu-ETP with 515 nm and 1030 nm laser sources with the same spot diameter are compared. The material phase contrast analysis was successfully used to distinguish keyhole and melt pool phase boundaries during the welding process. A significantly different sensitivity of the keyhole depth in relation to the feed rate was found, which is increased for the infrared laser. This behavior could be attributed to the increased effect of multiple reflections at 1030 nm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Technology of Welding/Joining of Metallic Materials)
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