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Metals
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Advanced Hard Materials
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Advanced Hard Materials

A special issue of Metals (ISSN 2075-4701).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 December 2020) | Viewed by 10513

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Danko Ćorić

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Interests: smart materials; shape memory alloys; cemented carbides; surface coatings; powder metallurgy; titanium alloys; mechanical behavior of materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue deals with original research articles concerned with all aspects of hard materials. Hard materials are defined as materials with hardness values higher than 1000 HV. In recent years, the demand for efficient hard materials being mainly used as tools or wear-resistant components has been ever-growing. Continuous increase of productivity when dealing with new challenges arriving with modern materials being machined requires innovation from the scientific community.

A special focus of this Issue are hard metals, which are also known as cemented tungsten carbide, and cermets. The mechanical, wear, and corrosion properties of these materials are highly dependent on their composition, and there is an increasing drive towards nanostructured cermets, particularly for their improved wear response. Other material groups such as tools steels and high strengthened steels are allowed.

This Special Issue focuses on articles that are aiming to give an overview of the current state-of-art research and thus provide detailed new information about the relationship among chemical composition, microstructure, new methods of synthesis and processing, leading in turn to improved properties and novel applications. Topics on all aspects of powder synthesis and production, compacting and shaping of powder, sintering techniques, as well as advanced consolidation technologies are welcome. Coating deposition techniques for coatings that consist of carbides, nitrides, and borides of metals and related compounds are permitted, as long as they are applied on the surface of a hard material.

Full papers, communications, and reviews are all welcome. We look forward to your contributions.

Prof. Dr. Danko Ćorić
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cemented carbides
  • cermets, powder metallurgy
  • coatings and surface modification techniques
  • tools steels
  • high strengthened steels
  • wear and corrosion behavior
  • commercial applications (current and emerging)

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

19 pages, 12482 KiB  
Article
Exploitation and Wear Properties of Nanostructured WC-Co Tool Modified with Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition TiBN Coating
by Mateja Šnajdar Musa, Matija Sakoman, Danko Ćorić and Tamara Aleksandrov Fabijanić
Metals 2021, 11(2), 333; https://doi.org/10.3390/met11020333 - 15 Feb 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2479
Abstract
In recent years, coated cemented carbides have often been the first choice for a wide variety of tool inserts and applications. Its success as a cutting tool material arises from the unique combination of wear resistance and toughness, and its ability to be [...] Read more.
In recent years, coated cemented carbides have often been the first choice for a wide variety of tool inserts and applications. Its success as a cutting tool material arises from the unique combination of wear resistance and toughness, and its ability to be formed into complex shapes. The structure obtained by sintering nanoparticle powders provides a significant improvement in product properties, such as higher cutting speeds, lower tool tolerances, and longer service life. In this study, a multi-layered gradient coating, deposited on nanostructured cemented carbides by plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) was investigated with emphasis on its wear and exploitation properties. TiBN coating was deposited on nanostructured cemented carbide samples with the addition of 5 wt% Co, 10 wt% Co and 15 wt% Co. The samples were consolidated by one cycle hot isostatic pressing (HIP) technique. Complex architecture built of TiN and TiB2 gradient multilayer sequence block was deposited on each type of substrate. Wear resistance of the obtained samples was determined by erosion wear testing and dry sliding wear testing (ball-on-flat test). The friction coefficients of ~0.22 obtained for coated samples by the ball-on-flat test show a decrease in friction when compared to uncoated samples values of ~0.32. The absence of coating rupture was confirmed by wear track depth measurements showing a wear trace depth of ~1.2 μm. Exploitation properties i.e., tool life determination of samples was obtained using single-point turning tool test and compared to commercial cutting tool insert type K10 tested under the same conditions. All the conducted tests show excellent wear and exploitation properties of the newly developed TiBN coating under chosen conditions, including cutting speed, vc = 200 m/min, depth of cut, ap = 1 mm, and feed, fn = 0.2 mm. Coated WC-Co samples with 15 wt% Co, having withstood 15 min of machining with flank wear trace size less than 0.3 mm, suggest significant improvement when compared to trace size of 0.56 mm obtained for K10 commercial cutting insert. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Hard Materials)
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23 pages, 13796 KiB  
Article
Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition of TiBN Coatings on Nanostructured Cemented WC-Co
by Matija Sakoman, Danko Ćorić and Mateja Šnajdar Musa
Metals 2020, 10(12), 1680; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10121680 - 16 Dec 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2261
Abstract
The plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) technique has shown many advantages in applications, where thin coatings with superior wear properties are demanded, especially for geometrically complex parts. In this study, multilayered gradient TiBN coatings that were deposited on nanostructured cemented carbides by the [...] Read more.
The plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition (PACVD) technique has shown many advantages in applications, where thin coatings with superior wear properties are demanded, especially for geometrically complex parts. In this study, multilayered gradient TiBN coatings that were deposited on nanostructured cemented carbides by the PACVD method were investigated. Nanostructured samples of cemented carbides with the addition of 5 and 15 wt.% Co were sintered by the hot isostatic pressing, sinter-HIP technique. Surface preparation was conducted on samples in order to enable maximum coating adhesion. Tests that were conducted on produced samples aimed to investigate the mechanical and physical properties of coated samples. These tests included nanoindentation, surface layer characterization, and coating adhesion evaluation while using the Rockwell and scratch test. The obtained results confirmed that the PACVD process can be utilized for applying thin hard coatings to nanostructured cemented carbides that are produced by the sinter HIP process, resulting in a base material/ coating system that exhibits excellent physical and mechanical properties. The results presented in this paper give a valuable contribution to the research of TiBN coating systems and their potential for application under heavy wear conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Hard Materials)
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16 pages, 5190 KiB  
Article
Influence of Copper Addition in AlSi7MgCu Alloy on Microstructure Development and Tensile Strength Improvement
by Davor Stanić, Zdenka Zovko Brodarac and Letian Li
Metals 2020, 10(12), 1623; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10121623 - 2 Dec 2020
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 2671
Abstract
Commercial AlSi7Mg alloy represents the usual choice for complex geometry casting production. The market imperative to improve mechanical properties imposed the design of new chemical composition of AlSi7MgCu alloy with high content of Cu (up to 1.435 wt.%). This represents a challenge in [...] Read more.
Commercial AlSi7Mg alloy represents the usual choice for complex geometry casting production. The market imperative to improve mechanical properties imposed the design of new chemical composition of AlSi7MgCu alloy with high content of Cu (up to 1.435 wt.%). This represents a challenge in order to achieve advanced properties. The interaction of a number of alloying (Si, Mg, Cu) and trace elements (Fe, Mn) influenced a wide range of complex reactions occurring and therefore leading to intermetallic phase precipitation. The characterization of novel chemical composition interaction and its solidification sequence was achieved by modelling an equilibrium phase diagram, simultaneously performing both thermal analysis and metallographic investigations. Copper influence was indicated in the whole solidification process starting with infiltration in modified Chinese script phase Al15(Fe,Mn,Cu)3Si2, beside common intermetallic Al5FeSi. Copper addition encourages formation of compact complex intermetallic phases Al5Cu2Mg8Si6 and Al8(Fe,Mn,Cu)Mg3Si6. Solidification ended with secondary eutectic αAl + Al2Cu + βSi. Microstructure investigation allows volume reconstruction of the microstructure and distribution of particular phases. Chemical compositions enriched in copper content and developed microstructural constituent through solidification sequence of AlSi7MgCu alloy contribute to a significant increase in mechanical properties already in an as-cast state. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Hard Materials)
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14 pages, 6409 KiB  
Article
Influence of Thermal Processing Factors, Linked to the Destabilisation of Austenite, on the Microstructural Variation of a White Cast Iron Containing 25% Cr and 0.6% Mo
by Alejandro González-Pociño, Florentino Alvarez-Antolin, Juan Asensio-Lozano and Hugo Alvarez-Perez
Metals 2020, 10(6), 832; https://doi.org/10.3390/met10060832 - 23 Jun 2020
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2470
Abstract
Hypoeutectic white cast irons containing 25% Cr are used in ore-processing industries due to their high resistance to erosive wear. Applying a Design of Experiments (DoE), the aim of this study is to analyse the influence of thermal processing factors on the microstructural [...] Read more.
Hypoeutectic white cast irons containing 25% Cr are used in ore-processing industries due to their high resistance to erosive wear. Applying a Design of Experiments (DoE), the aim of this study is to analyse the influence of thermal processing factors on the microstructural variation of a white cast iron containing 25% Cr and 0.6% Mo. The carbides present in the as-cast state are of the M7C3, M2C, and M3C types. M2C carbides precipitate on the eutectic M7C3 carbides favoured by heterogeneous nucleation conditions. Two kinetics compete during the destabilisation of austenite. One dissolves those eutectic carbides precipitated as a result of non-equilibrium solidification (M7C3 and M2C), while the other enables the precipitation of secondary M7C3 and M23C6 carbides. The M7C3 carbides begin to precipitate first. Low destabilisation temperatures and short dwell times are insufficient to dissolve the precipitated eutectic carbides from non-equilibrium conditions, thus favouring the presence of M2C carbides, which are associated with Mo. The factor that has the greatest influence on hardness is the tempering temperature. The optimal tempering temperature is found to be 500 °C. Short tempering times maintain the distortion of the ferrite unit cell. The precipitation of Cr carbides during tempering requires a temperature of 500 °C and the prior dissolution of the carbon precipitated during the initial stages of said tempering. With short tempering times, the Cr atoms still remain dissolved in the ferrite, distorting its unit cell and increasing the hardness of the matrix constituent of the alloy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Hard Materials)
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