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Microorganisms
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Advances in Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance and Related Alternative Therapies,...
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Advances in Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance and Related Alternative Therapies, Second Edition

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Antimicrobial Agents and Resistance".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2024 | Viewed by 1436

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Alexandra Tabaran

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur Street, No. 3/5, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Interests: antibiotic; public health; bacteria; mechanism; treatment
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is the continuation of our previous Special Issue, entitled “Advances in Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance and Related Alternative Therapies”.

Antibiotic and antifungal resistance have become the most important challenges in the field of public health, particularly when treating infections in animals and humans caused by multidrug-resistant strains. The most concerning fact in pathogenic bacterial and fungal growth is their increasing resistance to the various groups of antibiotics that are currently used in therapy. This ongoing process represents the most dangerous threat to the effectiveness of existing antibiotics and antifungal substances, and that is why research is needed to find more effective alternative treatments. There is a need for accurate data concerning the constant way in which bacteria evolve and manage to evade drug influence. In this way, more knowledge will be available to the researchers in the field concerning the mechanisms of resistance and ways to combat it. This Special Issue is focused on publishing multidisciplinary research that focuses on this complex issue. We encourage the publication of all important and updated results in the fields of food microbiology, antibacterial resistance, antifungal resistance, the characterization of alternative methods, efficient antimicrobial and antifungal agents, and development techniques.

Prof. Dr. Alexandra Tabaran
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • antibiotic
  • public health
  • bacteria
  • mechanism
  • treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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12 pages, 263 KiB  
Article
Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes Isolated from Ready-to-Eat Food Products in Romania
by Mihaela Niculina Duma, Laurenţiu Mihai Ciupescu, Sorin Daniel Dan, Oana Lucia Crisan-Reget and Alexandra Tabaran
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 954; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050954 - 8 May 2024
Viewed by 417
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) poses a significant threat to food safety due to its ability to cause severe human illness and its resistance to various antibiotics and environmental conditions. This study investigated the prevalence, serotype distribution, virulence gene profiles, and antimicrobial [...] Read more.
Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) poses a significant threat to food safety due to its ability to cause severe human illness and its resistance to various antibiotics and environmental conditions. This study investigated the prevalence, serotype distribution, virulence gene profiles, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat (RTE) food products from Romania. A total of 8151 samples were analyzed, including various processed dairy, bovine, poultry, pork, and fish products. Bacterial isolation was conducted using the classical standard method, followed by confirmation through biochemical and molecular testing. Among the isolated strains, serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c were identified, with a prevalence of 75% for serotype 1/2a. Additionally, virulence genes specific to listeriolysin O (hlyA) and regulatory factor A (prfA) were detected in all isolates. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed varying resistance patterns among the L. monocytogenes strains. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and oxacillin showed the highest prevalence of resistance at 26.92% and 23.07%, respectively. However, all strains remained susceptible to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin. Notably, 23.07% of the isolates exhibited multidrug resistance, with the most common pattern being resistance to oxacillin, penicillin, and tetracycline. Analysis of antimicrobial resistance genes identified tetracycline resistance genes, particularly tet(C), tet(M), and tet(K), in a significant proportion of isolates. The presence of ampC and dfrD genes was also notable, indicating potential mechanisms of resistance. These results emphasize the necessity for ongoing surveillance of L. monocytogenes in RTE foods and emphasize the importance of thorough monitoring of antimicrobial resistance to guide public health strategies within the European Union. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance and Related Alternative Therapies, Second Edition)

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57 pages, 609 KiB  
Case Report
Combining Double-Dose and High-Dose Pulsed Dapsone Combination Therapy for Chronic Lyme Disease/Post-Treatment Lyme Disease Syndrome and Co-Infections, Including Bartonella: A Report of 3 Cases and a Literature Review
by Richard I. Horowitz, John Fallon and Phyllis R. Freeman
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 909; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050909 - 30 Apr 2024
Viewed by 885
Abstract
Three patients with relapsing and remitting borreliosis, babesiosis, and bartonellosis, despite extended anti-infective therapy, were prescribed double-dose dapsone combination therapy (DDDCT) for 8 weeks, followed by one or several two-week courses of pulsed high-dose dapsone combination therapy (HDDCT). We discuss these patients’ cases [...] Read more.
Three patients with relapsing and remitting borreliosis, babesiosis, and bartonellosis, despite extended anti-infective therapy, were prescribed double-dose dapsone combination therapy (DDDCT) for 8 weeks, followed by one or several two-week courses of pulsed high-dose dapsone combination therapy (HDDCT). We discuss these patients’ cases to illustrate three important variables required for long-term remission. First, diagnosing and treating active co-infections, including Babesia and Bartonella were important. Babesia required rotations of multiple anti-malarial drug combinations and herbal therapies, and Bartonella required one or several 6-day HDDCT pulses to achieve clinical remission. Second, all prior oral, intramuscular (IM), and/or intravenous (IV) antibiotics used for chronic Lyme disease (CLD)/post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome (PTLDS), irrespective of the length of administration, were inferior in efficacy to short-term pulsed biofilm/persister drug combination therapy i.e., dapsone, rifampin, methylene blue, and pyrazinamide, which improved resistant fatigue, pain, headaches, insomnia, and neuropsychiatric symptoms. Lastly, addressing multiple factors on the 16-point multiple systemic infectious disease syndrome (MSIDS) model was important in achieving remission. In conclusion, DDDCT with one or several 6–7-day pulses of HDDCT, while addressing abnormalities on the 16-point MSIDS map, could represent a novel effective clinical and anti-infective strategy in CLD/PTLDS and associated co-infections including Bartonella. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Antibiotic and Antifungal Resistance and Related Alternative Therapies, Second Edition)
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