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Microorganisms
Special Issues
Application of Microbes in Environmental Remediation
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Application of Microbes in Environmental Remediation

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 May 2024 | Viewed by 3087

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Qiang Tu

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Guest Editor
CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
Interests: microbial remediation; phytoremediation; heavy metal
Dr. Guangxu Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Guiyang, China
Interests: microbial remediation; phytoremediation; heavy metal
Dr. Zhi Chen

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
Interests: microbial remediation; phytoremediation; heavy metal

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The survival and development of human beings is inseparable from soil, which provides the necessary living environment for crops. With the development of industrial and agricultural production, the pollution of soil caused by wastewater, solid waste discharged from industrial production, pesticides applied in farmland, blowout substances in oil extraction, and leakage during transportation is becoming increasingly serious. Furthermore, the unreasonable application of chemical fertilizer and unreasonable development of agricultural resources in agricultural activities have led to the destruction of soil structure and the decline of fertility and soil environment. At present, common soil remediation and improvement technologies include chemical technology, physical technology, and biotechnology. Among biotechnologies, microbial technology, as a promising soil remediation and improvement approach, has attracted increasing  attention due to its characteristics of high efficiency, low consumption, simple operation, and significant ecological benefits.

This Special Issue of Microorganisms aims to showcase research on the various mechanisms and strategies adopted by microbes in the remediation and improvement of soil. The Issue will supplement the existing literature by adding up-to-date knowledge and in-depth understanding of the potential and challenges associated with microbial improvement and remediation of soil environment.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Integrated approaches for the microbial improvement and remediation of soil;
  • Microbial systems for bioremediation of heavy metals;
  • Insights into detoxification of organic pollutants by microbes and their enzymes;
  • Plant-assisted microbial bioremediation of organic and inorganic pollutants;
  • Plant–soil–microbe interactions;
  • Screening and identification of pollutant-degrading microbes;
  • The combination of physical/chemical and microbial remediation of contaminated soil;
  • Biochar-immobilized microorganism in soil pollution remediation;
  • Enhanced microbial remediation;
  • Microbial remediation and improvement of saline-alkali/poor soil.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Qiang Tu
Dr. Guangxu Zhu
Dr. Zhi Chen
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • microbial remediation
  • microbial improvement
  • heavy metal pollution
  • organic pollution
  • soil

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 1406 KiB  
Article
Microbial Biosurfactant: Candida bombicola as a Potential Remediator of Environments Contaminated by Heavy Metals
by Renata Raianny da Silva, Júlio C. V. Santos, Hugo M. Meira, Sérgio M. Almeida, Leonie A. Sarubbo and Juliana M. Luna
Microorganisms 2023, 11(11), 2772; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11112772 - 15 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1068
Abstract
Industrial interest in surfactants of microbial origin has intensified recently due to the characteristics of these compounds, such as biodegradability and reduced toxicity, and their efficiency in removing heavy metals and hydrophobic organic compounds from soils and waters. The aim of this study [...] Read more.
Industrial interest in surfactants of microbial origin has intensified recently due to the characteristics of these compounds, such as biodegradability and reduced toxicity, and their efficiency in removing heavy metals and hydrophobic organic compounds from soils and waters. The aim of this study was to produce a biosurfactant using Candida bombicola URM 3712 in a low-cost medium containing 5.0% molasses, 3.0% corn steep liquor and 2.5% residual frying oil for 144 h at 200 rmp. Measurements of engine oil tension and emulsification were made under extreme conditions of temperature (0 °C, 5 °C, 70 °C, 100 °C and 120 °C), pH (2–12) and NaCl concentrations (2–12), demonstrating the stability of the biosurfactant. The isolated biosurfactant was characterized as an anionic molecule with the ability to reduce the surface tension of water from 72 to 29 mN/m, with a critical micellar concentration of 0.5%. The biosurfactant had no toxic effect on vegetable seeds or on Eisenia fetida as a bioindicator. Applications in the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils under dynamic conditions demonstrated the potential of the crude and isolated biosurfactant in the removal of Fe, Zn and Pb with percentages between 70 and 88%, with the highest removal of Pb being 48%. The highest percentage of removal was obtained using the cell-free metabolic liquid, which was able to remove 48, 71 and 88% of lead, zinc and iron from the soil, respectively. Tests in packed columns also confirmed the biosurfactant’s ability to remove Fe, Zn and Pb between 40 and 65%. The removal kinetics demonstrated an increasing percentage, reaching removal of 50, 70 and 85% for Pb, Zn and Fe, respectively, reaching a greater removal efficiency at the end of 24 h. The biosurfactant was also able to significantly reduce the electrical conductivity of solutions containing heavy metals. The biosurfactant produced by Candida bombicola has potential as an adjuvant in industrial processes for remediating soils and effluents polluted by inorganic contaminants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Microbes in Environmental Remediation)
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12 pages, 1784 KiB  
Article
The Changes of Phyllosphere Fungal Communities among Three Different Populus spp.
by Zhuo Sun, Weixi Zhang, Yuting Liu, Changjun Ding and Wenxu Zhu
Microorganisms 2023, 11(10), 2479; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11102479 - 02 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1185
Abstract
As an ecological index for plants, the diversity and structure of phyllosphere microbial communities play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem stability and balance; they can affect plant biogeography and ecosystem function by influencing host fitness and function. The phyllosphere microbial communities reflect [...] Read more.
As an ecological index for plants, the diversity and structure of phyllosphere microbial communities play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystem stability and balance; they can affect plant biogeography and ecosystem function by influencing host fitness and function. The phyllosphere microbial communities reflect the immigration, survival, and growth of microbial colonists, which are influenced by various environmental factors and leaves’ physical and chemical properties. This study investigated the structure and diversity of phyllosphere fungal communities in three different Populus spp., namely—P. × euramaricana (BF3), P. nigra (N46), and P. alba × P. glandulosa (84K). Leaves’ chemical properties were also analyzed to identify the dominant factors affecting the phyllosphere fungal communities. N46 exhibited the highest contents of total nitrogen (Nt), total phosphorus (Pt), soluble sugar, and starch. Additionally, there were significant variations in the abundance, diversity, and composition of phyllosphere fungal communities among the three species: N46 had the highest Chao1 index and observed_species, while 84K had the highest Pielou_e index and Simpson index. Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are the dominant fungal communities at the phylum level. Results from typical correlation analyses indicate that the chemical properties of leaves, especially total phosphorus (Pt), total nitrogen (Nt), and starch content, significantly impact the structure and diversity of the phyllosphere microbial community. However, it is worth noting that even under the same stand conditions, plants from different species have distinct leaf characteristics, proving that the identity of the host species is the critical factor affecting the structure of the phyllosphere fungal community. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Microbes in Environmental Remediation)
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