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Microorganisms
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State-of-the-Art of Gut Microbiota in Italy (2023, 2024)
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State-of-the-Art of Gut Microbiota in Italy (2023, 2024)

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 1804

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Francesco Di Pierro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Medicine and Surgery Department, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
2. UNICAM, Camerino University, Camerino, Italy
3. Scientific Department, Velleja Research, Piacenza, Italy
Interests: microbiology; probiotics; immunology; botanicals; gastroenterology; neonatology; vaccine; nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue aims to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the state of the art of gut microbiota in Italy.

We encourage Italian researchers from related fields to contribute papers highlighting the latest developments in gut microbiota, or to invite relevant experts and colleagues to do so. This Special Issue will publish full research articles and comprehensive reviews. The covered topics of interest include but are not limited to the following:

  • Structure and function of the microbiota;
  • Microbial community genetics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics;
  • Interactions within the microbiota;
  • Metabolic interactions with the host;
  • Inflammatory diseases;
  • Interactions with the immune system;
  • Microbial biodegradation of nutrients and xenobiotics;
  • Microbial ecology;
  • Microbial functions in the different habitats within the gut;
  • Metabolic flux analysis;
  • Analysis of functionalities via stable isotope probing (DNA, RNA and protein);
  • Model systems for studying microbiome biology;
  • Novel technologies for the analysis of the structure and function of the microbiota.

Dr. Francesco Di Pierro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 1087 KiB  
Communication
Intestinal Emphysema and Gut Bacterial Microbiota Composition
by Jasmine Hattab, Alfonso Rosamilia, Chiara Guarnieri, Domenico Sciota, Giuseppe Marruchella and Pietro Giorgio Tiscar
Microorganisms 2024, 12(5), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12050981 (registering DOI) - 13 May 2024
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Abstract
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, or intestinal emphysema, is a condition characterized by the presence of multiple cystic structures within the gut wall and on the serosal surface of the intestine. Intestinal emphysema represents an accidental finding in swine, although it can be clinically [...] Read more.
Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis, or intestinal emphysema, is a condition characterized by the presence of multiple cystic structures within the gut wall and on the serosal surface of the intestine. Intestinal emphysema represents an accidental finding in swine, although it can be clinically relevant in humans. Its etiology is unknown, and many theories have been proposed. Among them, a bacterial etiology is considered the most likely. Therefore, in this study, the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced from 19 swine ileal tracts, 12 with intestinal emphysema and 7 without lesions, to detect a possible bacterial agent. In parallel, prevalence was estimated. Escherichia–Shigella (13.15%), Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1; s__uncultured_bacterium (7.09%), and Fusobacterium; s_uncultured bacterium (6.60%) were the most abundant species identified. No statistically relevant differences were observed between the pathological and physiological groups. Prevalence ranged from 1.25 to 5.12% depending on the batch. Our results suggest that the gut wall bacterial microbiota greatly match the normal gut microbiota, and that the etiological agent of intestinal emphysema may be (1) undetectable due to the chronicity of the lesions, (2) not considered statistically relevant in comparing the two groups (p < 0.05) and likewise in causing lesions, and (3) undetectable due to contamination. Regarding prevalence, the condition is moderately frequent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Gut Microbiota in Italy (2023, 2024))
18 pages, 2388 KiB  
Article
Gut Microbiota Ecological and Functional Modulation in Post-Stroke Recovery Patients: An Italian Study
by Riccardo Marsiglia, Chiara Marangelo, Pamela Vernocchi, Matteo Scanu, Stefania Pane, Alessandra Russo, Eleonora Guanziroli, Federica Del Chierico, Massimiliano Valeriani, Franco Molteni and Lorenza Putignani
Microorganisms 2024, 12(1), 37; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010037 - 25 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1334
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) can be caused by perturbations of the gut–brain axis. An imbalance in the gut microbiota (GM), or dysbiosis, may be linked to several IS risk factors and can influence the brain through the production of different metabolites, such as short-chain [...] Read more.
Ischemic stroke (IS) can be caused by perturbations of the gut–brain axis. An imbalance in the gut microbiota (GM), or dysbiosis, may be linked to several IS risk factors and can influence the brain through the production of different metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indole and derivatives. This study examines ecological changes in the GM and its metabolic activities after stroke. Fecal samples of 10 IS patients were compared to 21 healthy controls (CTRLs). GM ecological profiles were generated via 16S rRNA taxonomy as functional profiles using metabolomics analysis performed with a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). Additionally fecal zonulin, a marker of gut permeability, was measured using an enzyme-linked immuno assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate statistical analyses and correlated with clinical features and biochemical variables using correlation and nonparametric tests. Metabolomic analyses, carried out on a subject subgroup, revealed a high concentration of fecal metabolites, such as SCFAs, in the GM of IS patients, which was corroborated by the enrichment of SCFA-producing bacterial genera such as Bacteroides, Christensellaceae, Alistipes and Akkermansia. Conversely, indole and 3-methyl indole (skatole) decreased compared to a subset of six CTRLs. This study illustrates how IS might affect the gut microbial milieu and may suggest potential microbial and metabolic biomarkers of IS. Expanded populations of Akkermansia and enrichment of acetic acid could be considered potential disease phenotype signatures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art of Gut Microbiota in Italy (2023, 2024))
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