Holobionts in Aquaculture

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Microbiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2024) | Viewed by 2787

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Management of Renewable Aquatic Resources, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
Interests: fish genomic analyses

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The term holobiont has been adopted to describe multicellular organisms and their associated microbiota as a single unit, recognizing the pivotal role of microorganisms in host biology. Thus, understanding aquaculture species from the holobiont perspective could provide new insights and solutions for the present and future issues affecting the industry. This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research into the understanding of the microbiota and its relevance for aquaculture species, including, but not limited to, the characterization of microbiota dynamics in aquaculture species, experimental manipulations of host microbiota, and the relevance of microbiota in environmental adaptation of aquatic species, among others. 

By fostering collaboration among researchers in microbiology, immunology, and aquaculture. The findings will contribute to the development of sustainable practices and ensure the health and productivity of aquaculture environments.

Dr. Diego Valenzuela-Miranda
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 2580 KiB  
Article
Epibiotic Bacteria Isolated from the Non-Indigenous Species Codium fragile ssp. fragile: Identification, Characterization, and Biotechnological Potential
by Wafa Cherif, Leila Ktari, Bilel Hassen, Amel Ismail and Monia El Bour
Microorganisms 2024, 12(9), 1803; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12091803 - 30 Aug 2024
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Abstract
Due to their richness in organic substances and nutrients, seaweed (macroalgae) harbor a large number of epiphytic bacteria on their surfaces. These bacteria interact with their host in multiple complex ways, in particular, by producing chemical compounds. The released metabolites may have biological [...] Read more.
Due to their richness in organic substances and nutrients, seaweed (macroalgae) harbor a large number of epiphytic bacteria on their surfaces. These bacteria interact with their host in multiple complex ways, in particular, by producing chemical compounds. The released metabolites may have biological properties beneficial for applications in both industry and medicine. In this study, we assess the diversity of culturable bacterial community of the invasive alga Codium fragile ssp. fragile with the aim to identify key groups within this epiphytic community. Seaweed samples were collected from the Northern Tunisian coast. A total of fifty bacteria were isolated in pure culture. These bacterial strains were identified by amplification of the ribosomal intergenic transcribed spacer between the 16S and the 23S rRNA genes (ITS-PCR) and by 16S rRNA sequencing. Antimicrobial activity, biochemical, and antibiotic resistance profile characterization were determined for the isolates. Isolated strains were tested for their antimicrobial potential against human and fish bacterial pathogens and the yeast Candida albicans, using the in vitro drop method. About 37% of isolated strains possess antibacterial activity with a variable antimicrobial spectrum. Ba1 (closely related to Pseudoalteromonas spiralis), Ba12 (closely related to Enterococcus faecium), and Bw4 (closely related to Pseudoalteromonas sp.) exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against E. coli. The isolated strain Ba4, closely related to Serratia marcescens, demonstrated the most potent activity against pathogens. The susceptibility of these strains to 12 commonly used antibiotics was investigated. Majority of the isolates were resistant to oxacillin, cefoxitin, tobramycin, and nitrofurantoin. Ba7 and Ba10, closely related to the Vibrio anguillarum strains, had the highest multidrug resistance profiles. The enzymes most commonly produced by the isolated strains were amylase, lecithinase, and agarase. Moreover, nine isolates produced disintegration zones around their colonies on agar plates with agarolitic index, ranging from 0.60 to 2.38. This investigation highlighted that Codium fragile ssp. fragile possesses an important diversity of epiphytic bacteria on its surface that could be cultivated in high biomass and may be considered for biotechnological application and as sources of antimicrobial drugs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holobionts in Aquaculture)
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21 pages, 2868 KiB  
Article
Active Microbiota of Penaeus stylirostris Larvae: Partially Shaped via Vertical and Horizontal Transmissions and Larval Ontogeny
by Nolwenn Callac, Carolane Giraud, Dominique Pham, Dominique Ansquer, Nelly Wabete and Viviane Boulo
Microorganisms 2024, 12(3), 608; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12030608 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 1246
Abstract
During their entire lifecycle, mariculture animals are farmed in water that contains various microorganisms with which they are in close associations. Microbial exchanges between the animals and their surrounding water can occur. However, little is known about the interactions between shrimp larvae and [...] Read more.
During their entire lifecycle, mariculture animals are farmed in water that contains various microorganisms with which they are in close associations. Microbial exchanges between the animals and their surrounding water can occur. However, little is known about the interactions between shrimp larvae and water, and more especially, about larval bacterial selection and microbiota modulation across ontogeny. To address this gap, using HiSeq sequencing targeting the V4 region of the 16S rRNA molecule, we investigated the active prokaryotic diversity and structure of healthy Penaeus stylirostris larvae and seawater. Comparisons between different larval stages revealed evidence of stage-specific microbiotas and biomarkers, a core microbiota common to all stages, and shared taxa between successive stages, suggesting vertical transmission of bacterial taxa. Comparisons between stage-specific microbiotas and core microbiotas with water storages highlighted that many taxa associated with the larvae were originally present in the natural seawater, underlining horizontal transmission of bacteria from water to larvae. As some of these lineages became active at specific larval stages, we suggest that larvae were able to modulate their microbiota. This study provides insight into larvae-microbiota interactions at the larval stage scale. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Holobionts in Aquaculture)
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