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Minerals
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Texture and Microstructural Analysis of Crystalline Solids, Volume II
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Texture and Microstructural Analysis of Crystalline Solids, Volume II

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Crystallography and Physical Chemistry of Minerals & Nanominerals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 June 2024) | Viewed by 2325

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Juan Gómez-Barreiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Departamento de Geología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008 Salamanca, Spain
Interests: structural geology; texture; microstructure; anysotropy; EBSD; neutron diffraction; synchrotron; TEM; deformation mechanisms; shear zones; recrystallization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microstructure and crystallographic preferred orientation (texture) have been revealed as key features to understand the genesis and evolution of natural and man-made crystalline solids. Non-random spatial distribution of minerals and their orientations in an aggregate commonly result in anisotropy of physical and chemical properties. The research on natural and experimentally deformed rock-forming and ore minerals during the last twenty years has revealed prime information about deformation mechanisms and their operative conditions, which improved our knowledge on geodynamics and the development of natural resources. On other hand, a strong connection exists between texture/microstructure and properties of mineralized tissues in living and fossil organisms. This has been used to explore life evolution and design new materials. The application of advanced quantitative techniques like neutron, X-ray diffraction, and particularly EBSD has become very popular. All these techniques have merged as an extraordinary opportunity to puzzle out microevolution of crystalline aggregates. Real 3D microstructural information can be obtained with microtomography, which, for instance, improves the understanding of ore genesis and constrains parameters required for mineral or metallurgical processing. Texture and microstructure modeling (e.g. VPSC, FF-VPSC, ELLE, etc.) are quickly evolving to face paramount challenges on polycrystal plasticity. This Special Issue aims to publish review papers on seminal topics (methods and applications), as well as appropriate examples of texture and microstructure analysis of rocks, ore-minerals and biominerals. Papers providing experimental data and modeling to explore texture/microstructure and growth/deformation/recrystallization mechanisms are also welcome.

Dr. Juan Gómez-Barreiro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • texture
  • microstructure
  • anysotropy
  • ore minerals
  • EBSD
  • neutron diffraction
  • synchrotron
  • SEM-TEM
  • deformation mechanisms
  • CPO
  • shear zones
  • gold
  • recrystallization
  • VPSC
  • biominerals

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Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 8121 KiB  
Article
Biogenic Calcium Carbonate: Phase Conversion in Aqueous Suspensions
by Brian Espinosa-Acosta, Jake J. Breen, Meghan Burchell and Kristin M. Poduska
Minerals 2024, 14(7), 682; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070682 - 29 Jun 2024
Viewed by 596
Abstract
Powdered biogenic calcium carbonate from butter clams shows variations in its tendency to convert from aragonite to calcite when suspended in water, depending on whether the suspension has additional calcite or not. Our investigations treat these biogenic samples as complex hierarchical materials, considering [...] Read more.
Powdered biogenic calcium carbonate from butter clams shows variations in its tendency to convert from aragonite to calcite when suspended in water, depending on whether the suspension has additional calcite or not. Our investigations treat these biogenic samples as complex hierarchical materials, considering both their mineral and organic components. We assess the mineral composition from Attenuated Total Reflection Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy peak shifts, as well as quantitative assessments of lattice constant refinements (powder X-ray diffraction). To isolate the mineral portions, we compare results from samples where the periostracum is removed mechanically and samples that are heated to temperatures that are sufficient to remove organic material but well below the temperature for thermal phase conversion from aragonite to calcite. The results show that the total organic content does not play a significant role in the aqueous mineral phase conversion. These results have potential implications for understanding carbonate mineral interactions in ocean sediments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Texture and Microstructural Analysis of Crystalline Solids, Volume II)
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27 pages, 4867 KiB  
Article
Deciphering Igneous Rock Crystals: Unveiling Multifractal Patterns in Crystal Size Dynamics
by Amir Eskandari and Behnam Sadeghi
Minerals 2024, 14(7), 660; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14070660 - 27 Jun 2024
Viewed by 639
Abstract
Understanding magma plumbing systems hinges upon an intricate comprehension of crystal populations concerning size, chemistry, and origin. We introduce an innovative, yet elegantly simple approach—the ‘number–length of crystals (N-LoC) multifractal model’—to classify crystal sizes, unveiling compelling insights into their distribution dynamics. This model, [...] Read more.
Understanding magma plumbing systems hinges upon an intricate comprehension of crystal populations concerning size, chemistry, and origin. We introduce an innovative, yet elegantly simple approach—the ‘number–length of crystals (N-LoC) multifractal model’—to classify crystal sizes, unveiling compelling insights into their distribution dynamics. This model, a departure from conventional crystal size distribution (CSD) diagrams, reveals multifractal patterns indicative of distinct class sizes within igneous rock crystals. By synthesizing multiple samples from experimental studies, natural occurrences, and numerical models, we validate this method’s efficacy. Our bi-logarithmic N-LoC diagrams for cooling-driven crystallized samples transcend the confines of traditional CSD plots, identifying variable thresholds linked to cooling rates and quenching temperatures. These thresholds hint at pulsative nucleation and size-dependent growth events, offering glimpses into crystallization regimes and post-growth modifications like coalescence and coarsening. Examining multifractal log–log plots across time-series samples unravels crystallization histories during cooling or decompression. Notably, microlites within volcano conduits delineate thresholds influenced by decompression rate and style, mirroring nucleation and growth dynamics observed in experimental studies. Our fractal methodology, presenting a more direct approach with fewer assumptions than the classic CSD method, stands poised as a potent alternative or complementary tool. We delve into its potential, facilitating comparisons between eruptive styles in volcanoes while deliberating on inherent limitations. This work not only advances crystal size analysis methodologies but also holds promise for inferring nuanced volcanic processes and offers a streamlined avenue for crystal size evaluation in igneous rocks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Texture and Microstructural Analysis of Crystalline Solids, Volume II)
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26 pages, 34851 KiB  
Article
The Microdeformation Fabric of Amphibole-Rich Peridotite in the Southern Mariana Trench and Its Influence on Seismic Anisotropy
by Jingbo Li and Zhenmin Jin
Minerals 2024, 14(6), 577; https://doi.org/10.3390/min14060577 - 30 May 2024
Viewed by 569
Abstract
Olivine, the most abundant mineral in the upper mantle, exhibits elastic anisotropy. Understanding the seismic anisotropy and flow patterns in the upper mantle hinges on the crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of olivine. Similarly, hydrous minerals, which also display elastic anisotropy, play a crucial [...] Read more.
Olivine, the most abundant mineral in the upper mantle, exhibits elastic anisotropy. Understanding the seismic anisotropy and flow patterns in the upper mantle hinges on the crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of olivine. Similarly, hydrous minerals, which also display elastic anisotropy, play a crucial role in explaining seismic anisotropy in numerous subduction zones. High-temperature and -pressure simple shear experiments reveal that the CPO of amphibole can lead to significant seismic anisotropy. In this study, peridotite samples originating from the southern end of the Mariana Trench, commonly containing amphibole, were analyzed. The microdeformation fabric and seismic anisotropy were examined. The results indicate a weak fabric strength in olivine, yet identifiable deformation fabrics of A/D, D, and AG were observed. Various dislocation structures suggest that olivine experiences complex deformation across various temperatures. Not only can the original slip system transform, but the melt/fluid resulting from melting also has a substantial impact on the peridotite. Deformation precedes the melt/rock interaction, resulting in a strong melt/rock reaction under near-static conditions. Furthermore, the modal content of amphibole significantly alters the seismic anisotropy of peridotite. An increase in amphibole content (types I, III, and IV) enhances seismic anisotropy, particularly for type I amphibole. Notably, the presence of type I fabric amphibole promotes the Vs1 polarization direction parallel to the trench in subduction zones, a phenomenon observed in other subduction zones. Therefore, when considering mantle peridotite regions rich in amphibole, the impact of amphibole on seismic anisotropy must be accounted for. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Texture and Microstructural Analysis of Crystalline Solids, Volume II)
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