Identification and Characterization of New Sources of Insect and Disease Resistance in Crops

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Protection and Biotic Interactions".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 1026

Special Issue Editor


E-Mail Website1 Website2
Guest Editor
1. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Plant Science Research Laboratory, Stillwater, OK 74075, USA
2. Department of Plant Biology, Ecology, and Evolution, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
Interests: crop breeding; gene discovery; gene expression; insect-plant interactions; multi-omics; plant biotechnology; plant genetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diseases and insect pests are among the major causes of crop loss. These biotic stresses not only cause significant damage to plant growth and performance, but can also greatly impair the product quality and the stability of production, undermining efforts to achieve sustainable agriculture. Beyond the direct impact on crop production, the application of chemical pesticides to control them is a major concern because these chemical ingredients are potentially hazardous to human health and the environment. Fortunately, resistant plant varieties and hybrids offer an effective, economical, and environmentally friendly management tactic. In modern agriculture practices, host plant resistance is the key component of pest management. Although advances and accomplishments have been achieved in the identification and development of resistant cultivars and hybrids in some crops, plant resistance remains underutilized in other crops due to a lack of available sources of resistant germplasm. On the other hand, although numerous resistant sources have been successfully deployed, they are sometimes short-lived due to the tremendous diversity of biotypes in the target disease and pest populations, and the evolution of their virulence genes. Thus, new sources of resistance to these key diseases and insect pests must be continuously discovered and incorporated into high-performance germplasm for application in cultivar development programs. The genetic diversity of host resistance in these plant improvement programs must be broadened in order to counter the continuous onslaught of virulent subpopulations from within these dynamic pathogen and pest complexes. Furthermore, host resistance mechanisms must be characterized, and the resistance genes/QTLs and molecular markers linked to these traits need to be identified, both to ensure movement into commercial cultivars and hybrids through various breeding methods and to enable more efficient crop breeding. This Special Issue welcomes the submission of articles that address various aspects of the identification and characterization of new sources of disease and insect pest resistance in crop plants, as well as the development of screening technology and methods.

Prof. Dr. Yinghua Huang
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • biotic stresses
  • DNA markers
  • insect pest
  • host plant defense
  • marker-assisted selection
  • plant disease
  • plant immunity
  • plant improvement for resistance
  • plant resistance
  • QTL mapping
  • resistance mechanisms
  • screening methods

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

36 pages, 7238 KiB  
Article
Identification and Genetic Diversity Analysis of the Pathogen of Anthracnose of Pepper in Guizhou
by Aimin Zhang, Lei Li, Xuewen Xie, Ali Chai, Yanxia Shi, Dan Xing, Zhiguo Yu and Baoju Li
Plants 2024, 13(5), 728; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13050728 - 4 Mar 2024
Viewed by 784
Abstract
Anthracnose of pepper is a significant disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. In 2017 and 2021, 296 isolates were obtained from 69 disease samples. Through morphological analysis, pathogenicity detection, and polygenic phylogenetic analysis, the above strains were attributed to 10 species: C. scovillei, [...] Read more.
Anthracnose of pepper is a significant disease caused by Colletotrichum spp. In 2017 and 2021, 296 isolates were obtained from 69 disease samples. Through morphological analysis, pathogenicity detection, and polygenic phylogenetic analysis, the above strains were attributed to 10 species: C. scovillei, C. fructicola, C. karstii, C. truncatum, C. gloeosporioides, C. kahawae, C. boninense, C. nymphaeae, C. plurivorum, and C. nigrum. C. scovillei had the most strains (150), accounting for 51.02% of the total isolates; C. fructicola came in second (72 isolates), accounting for 24.49%. Regarding regional distribution, Zunyi City has the highest concentration of strains—92 strains total, or 34.18%—across seven species. Notably, this investigation showed that C. nymphaeae infected pepper fruit for the first time in China. Genetic diversity analysis showed that C. fructicola could be divided into seven haplotypes, and the population in each region had apparent genetic differentiation. However, the genetic distance between each population was not significantly related to geographical distance. Neutral detection and nucleotide mismatch analysis showed that C. fructicola might have undergone population expansion. Full article
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