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Vitamin C Metabolism in Plants
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Vitamin C Metabolism in Plants

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 13017

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Patricia L. Conklin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biological Sciences Department, State University of New York at Cortland, Bowers Hall, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
Interests: ascorbic acid biosynthesis; oxidative stress; regulation; signal transduction
Prof. Dr. Nick Smirnoff

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK
Interests: metabolism and functions of ascorbic acid; antioxidants; photoprotection; hydrogen peroxide signaling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is one of the most abundant soluble small molecules in plants and is intimately familiar to most people as an important dietary antioxidant. How essential this antioxidant and enzyme co-factor is to the health and development of plants has become apparent in recent years. Plants, protists and animals all synthesize ascorbic acid but via different pathways. Over the last decade, our understanding of how plants synthesize ascorbic acid has increased exponentially. It is apparent that the major pathway in green plants is via D-mannose and L-galactose (the Smirnoff/Wheeler pathway). Other pathways (for example via D-galacturonic acid) have also been proposed but not fully established. Additionally, more recently, our understanding of the products and pathways of ascorbate breakdown has increased greatly. This Special Issue of Plants will highlight recent research that has moved beyond basic pathway discovery towards an understanding of the regulation of ascorbic acid biosynthesis and catabolism, and our increased ability to manipulate plant ascorbic acid content.  

Dr. Patricia L. Conklin
Dr. Nick Smirnoff
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • L-ascorbic acid
  • vitamin C
  • antioxidant
  • L-galactose
  • vtc mutants
  • L-galactonolactone dehydrogenase
  • threonic acid
  • oxalic acid

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 1445 KiB  
Article
Transcriptional Regulation of Ascorbic Acid During Fruit Ripening in Pepper (Capsicum annuum) Varieties with Low and High Antioxidants Content
by Pasquale Chiaiese, Giandomenico Corrado, Maria Minutolo, Amalia Barone and Angela Errico
Plants 2019, 8(7), 206; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8070206 - 04 Jul 2019
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 3568
Abstract
Research on plant antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and polyphenols, is of increasing interest in plant science because of the health benefits and preventive role in chronic diseases of these natural compounds. Pepper (Capiscum annuum L.) is a major dietary source [...] Read more.
Research on plant antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid (AsA) and polyphenols, is of increasing interest in plant science because of the health benefits and preventive role in chronic diseases of these natural compounds. Pepper (Capiscum annuum L.) is a major dietary source of antioxidants, especially AsA. Although considerable advance has been made, our understanding of AsA biosynthesis and its regulation in higher plants is not yet exhaustive. For instance, while it is accepted that AsA content in cells is regulated at different levels (e.g., transcriptional and post-transcriptional), their relative prominence is not fully understood. In this work, we identified and studied two pepper varieties with low and high levels of AsA to shed light on the transcriptional mechanisms that can account for the observed phenotypes. We quantified AsA and polyphenols in leaves and during fruit maturation, and concurrently, we analyzed the transcription of 14 genes involved in AsA biosynthesis, degradation, and recycling. The differential transcriptional analysis indicated that the higher expression of genes involved in AsA accumulation is a likely explanation for the observed differences in fruits. This was also supported by the identification of gene-metabolite relations, which deserve further investigation. Our results provide new insights into AsA differential accumulation in pepper varieties and highlight the phenotypic diversity in local germplasm, a knowledge that may ultimately contribute to the increased level of health-related phytochemicals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin C Metabolism in Plants)
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12 pages, 4450 KiB  
Article
Light-Induced Vitamin C Accumulation in Tomato Fruits is Independent of Carbohydrate Availability
by Nikolaos Ntagkas, Ernst Woltering, Sofoklis Bouras, Ric C. H. de Vos, J Anja Dieleman, Celine C. S. Nicole, Caroline Labrie and Leo F. M. Marcelis
Plants 2019, 8(4), 86; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8040086 - 03 Apr 2019
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 5098
Abstract
L-ascorbate (ASC) is essential for human health. Therefore, there is interest in increasing the ASC content of crops like tomato. High irradiance induces accumulation of ASC in green tomato fruits. The D-mannose/L-galactose biosynthetic pathway accounts for the most ASC in plants. The myo-inositol [...] Read more.
L-ascorbate (ASC) is essential for human health. Therefore, there is interest in increasing the ASC content of crops like tomato. High irradiance induces accumulation of ASC in green tomato fruits. The D-mannose/L-galactose biosynthetic pathway accounts for the most ASC in plants. The myo-inositol and galacturonate pathways have been proposed to exist but never identified in plants. The D-mannose/L-galactose starts from D-glucose. In a series of experiments, we tested the hypothesis that ASC levels depend on soluble carbohydrate content when tomato fruits ripen under irradiances that stimulate ASC biosynthesis. We show that ASC levels considerably increased when fruits ripened under light, but carbohydrate levels did not show a parallel increase. When carbohydrate levels in fruits were altered by flower pruning, no effects on ASC levels were observed at harvest or after ripening under irradiances that induce ASC accumulation. Artificial feeding of trusses with sucrose increased carbohydrate levels, but did not affect the light-induced ASC levels. We conclude that light-induced accumulation of ASC is independent of the carbohydrate content in tomato fruits. In tomato fruit treated with light, the increase in ASC was preceded by a concomitant increase in myo-inositol. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin C Metabolism in Plants)
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14 pages, 2190 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Changes of Ascorbic Acid, Phenolics Biosynthesis and Antioxidant Activities in Mung Beans (Vigna radiata) until Maturation
by Yanyan Lu, Xiaoxiao Chang and Xinbo Guo
Plants 2019, 8(3), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants8030075 - 25 Mar 2019
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3829
Abstract
To better understand the regulatory mechanism of phenolics and ascorbic acid accumulation as well as antioxidant activities in mung beans during legume development, the gene expression profiles of 25 key-coding genes in ascorbic acid and phenolics metabolic pathways were analyzed. As well as [...] Read more.
To better understand the regulatory mechanism of phenolics and ascorbic acid accumulation as well as antioxidant activities in mung beans during legume development, the gene expression profiles of 25 key-coding genes in ascorbic acid and phenolics metabolic pathways were analyzed. As well as the dynamitic changes of ascorbic acid, phenolic profiles and antioxidant activities with legume development were studied. The results indicated that gene expression profiles were closely related to the ascorbic acid and phenolics accumulation regularity during legume development. VrVTC2 and VrGME played important roles for ascorbic acid accumulation from 8 to 17 days after flowering (DAF). VrPAL and VrCHS exhibited positive correlations with daidzein and glycitin accumulation, and VrIFS had a strong positive correlation with glycitin biosynthesis. Antioxidant activities dramatically increased during mung bean maturing, which were significantly related to ascorbic acid and phenolics accumulation. Eight days after flowering was the essential stage for ascorbic acid and phenolics biosynthesis in mung beans. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Vitamin C Metabolism in Plants)
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