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Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring
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Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Sensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 15201

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yanping Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Optics Research and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
Interests: fiber-optic sensors; fiber lasers; random number generation; fiber-optc communications

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

High-temperature sensing is crucial in engineering fields with harsh environments, including the high-temperature aerospace and aviation industries, fossil fuel production, military propulsion applications, metallurgical furnace monitoring, mining and smelting, and so on. It is a great challenge to use the commonly employed all-silica-fiber-based optical sensors for high-temperature measurements as they can only sustain temperatures of up to 1000oC. Developing special fiber-based optical fiber sensors and novel high-temperature-resistant-material-based sensors for high-temperature monitoring is thus strongly demanded.

This Special Issue is addressed to all types of sensors designed for high-temperature monitoring.

Prof. Dr. Yanping Xu
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 2275 KiB  
Article
Accurate Measurement of Temperatures in Industrial Grinding Operations with Steep Gradients
by Iñigo Pombo, José Antonio Sánchez, Einar Martin, Leire Godino and Jorge Álvarez
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1741; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061741 - 7 Mar 2024
Viewed by 528
Abstract
Due to the continuously growing demands from high-added-value sectors such as aerospace, e-mobility or biomedical bound-abrasive technologies are the key to achieving extreme requirements. During grinding, energy is rapidly dissipated as heat, generating thermal fields on the ground part which are characterized by [...] Read more.
Due to the continuously growing demands from high-added-value sectors such as aerospace, e-mobility or biomedical bound-abrasive technologies are the key to achieving extreme requirements. During grinding, energy is rapidly dissipated as heat, generating thermal fields on the ground part which are characterized by high temperatures and very steep gradients. The consequences on the ground part are broadly known as grinding burn. Therefore, the measurement of workpiece temperature during grinding has become a critical issue. Many techniques have been used for temperature measurement in grinding, amongst which, the so-called grindable thermocouples exhibit great potential and have been successfully used in creep-feed grinding operations, in which table speed is low, and therefore, temperature gradients are not very steep. However, in conventional grinding operations with faster table speeds, as most industrial operations are, the delay in the response of the thermocouple results in large errors in the maximum measured value. In this paper, the need for accurate calibration of the response of grindable thermocouples is studied as a prior step for signal integration to correct thermal inertia. The results show that, if the raw signal is directly used from the thermocouples, the deviation in the maximum temperature with respect to the theoretical model is over 200 K. After integration using the calibration constants obtained for the ground junction, the error can be reduced to 93 K even for feed speeds as high as 40 m/min and below 20 K for lower feed speeds. The main conclusion is that, following the proposed procedure, maximum grinding temperatures can be effectively measured using grindable thermocouples even at high values of table speed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring)
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13 pages, 4461 KiB  
Article
High-Temperature Sensing Based on GAWBS In Silica Single-Mode Fiber
by Shaonian Ma, Yuxi Pang, Qiang Ji, Xian Zhao, Yongfu Li, Zengguang Qin, Zhaojun Liu and Yanping Xu
Sensors 2023, 23(3), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23031277 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1462
Abstract
High temperature detection is a constant challenge for condition monitoring under harsh environments in optical fiber sensors research. In this study, the temperature response characteristics of guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) spectra in silica single-mode fiber (SMF) up to 800 °C are [...] Read more.
High temperature detection is a constant challenge for condition monitoring under harsh environments in optical fiber sensors research. In this study, the temperature response characteristics of guided acoustic wave Brillouin scattering (GAWBS) spectra in silica single-mode fiber (SMF) up to 800 °C are experimentally investigated, demonstrating the feasibility of the method for high-temperature monitoring. With increasing temperature, the resonance frequency of GAWBS spectra increases in a nearly linear manner, with linearly fitted temperature-dependent frequency shift coefficients of 8.19 kHz/°C for TR2,7 mode and 16.74 kHz/°C for R0,4 mode. More importantly, the linewidth of the GAWBS spectra is observed to narrow down with increasing temperature with a linearly fitted rate of −6.91 × 10−4/°C for TR2,7 modes and −8.56 × 10−4/°C for R0,4 modes. The signal-to-noise ratio of the GAWBS spectra induced by both modes increase by more than 3 dB when the temperature rises from 22 °C to 800 °C, which indicates that the proposed sensing scheme has better performance in high-temperature environments, and are particularly suitable for sensing applications in extreme environments. This study confirms the potential of high-temperature sensing using only GAWBS in silica fibers without any complex micromachining process, which has the advantages of strong mechanical strength, simple structure, easy operation, and low cost. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring)
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18 pages, 6248 KiB  
Article
All-Ceramic Passive Wireless Temperature Sensor Realized by Tin-Doped Indium Oxide (ITO) Electrodes for Harsh Environment Applications
by Kavin Sivaneri Varadharajan Idhaiam, Joshua A. Caswell, Peter D. Pozo, Katarzyna Sabolsky, Konstantinos A. Sierros, Daryl S. Reynolds and Edward M. Sabolsky
Sensors 2022, 22(6), 2165; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22062165 - 10 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3180
Abstract
In this work, an all-ceramic passive wireless inductor–capacitor (LC) resonator was presented for stable temperature sensing up to 1200 °C in air. Instead of using conventional metallic electrodes, the LC resonators are modeled and fabricated with thermally stable and highly electroconductive ceramic oxide. [...] Read more.
In this work, an all-ceramic passive wireless inductor–capacitor (LC) resonator was presented for stable temperature sensing up to 1200 °C in air. Instead of using conventional metallic electrodes, the LC resonators are modeled and fabricated with thermally stable and highly electroconductive ceramic oxide. The LC resonator was modeled in ANSYS HFSS to operate in a low-frequency region (50 MHz) within 50 × 50 mm geometry using the actual material properties of the circuit elements. The LC resonator was composed of a parallel plate capacitor coupled with a planar inductor deposited on an Al2O3 substrate using screen-printing, and the ceramic pattern was sintered at 1250 °C for 4 h in an ambient atmosphere. The sensitivity (average change in resonant frequency with respect to temperature) from 200–1200 °C was ~170 kHz/°C. The temperature-dependent electrical conductivity of the tin-doped indium oxide (ITO, 10% SnO2 doping) on the quality factor showed an increase of Qf from 36 to 43 between 200 °C and 1200 °C. The proposed ITO electrodes displayed improved sensitivity and quality factor at elevated temperatures, proving them to be an excellent candidate for temperature sensing in harsh environments. The microstructural analysis of the co-sintered LC resonator was performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) which showed that there are no cross-sectional and topographical defects after several thermal treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring)
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Review

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35 pages, 7866 KiB  
Review
Optical Fiber Sensors for High-Temperature Monitoring: A Review
by Shaonian Ma, Yanping Xu, Yuxi Pang, Xian Zhao, Yongfu Li, Zengguang Qin, Zhaojun Liu, Ping Lu and Xiaoyi Bao
Sensors 2022, 22(15), 5722; https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155722 - 30 Jul 2022
Cited by 29 | Viewed by 9003
Abstract
High-temperature measurements above 1000 °C are critical in harsh environments such as aerospace, metallurgy, fossil fuel, and power production. Fiber-optic high-temperature sensors are gradually replacing traditional electronic sensors due to their small size, resistance to electromagnetic interference, remote detection, multiplexing, and distributed measurement [...] Read more.
High-temperature measurements above 1000 °C are critical in harsh environments such as aerospace, metallurgy, fossil fuel, and power production. Fiber-optic high-temperature sensors are gradually replacing traditional electronic sensors due to their small size, resistance to electromagnetic interference, remote detection, multiplexing, and distributed measurement advantages. This paper reviews the sensing principle, structural design, and temperature measurement performance of fiber-optic high-temperature sensors, as well as recent significant progress in the transition of sensing solutions from glass to crystal fiber. Finally, future prospects and challenges in developing fiber-optic high-temperature sensors are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for High Temperature Monitoring)
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