Distribution, Metabolism, and Toxicity Exposure of Emerging Toxics

A special issue of Toxics (ISSN 2305-6304). This special issue belongs to the section "Emerging Contaminants".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 24 May 2024 | Viewed by 2216

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China
Interests: occurrence of organic pollutants; biological transformation; chemical remediation of contaminated soil; environmental materials; ecological risk assessment; human health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emerging organic chemicals are designed and produced for the growing demand of novel industrial and commercial products. Nevertheless, most of them are frequently detected in water, soil, air, sediment and biota. Furthermore, their metabolic products are monitored in human urine, blood, hair or breast milk. In vivo and in vitro studies have unraveled that these toxics exhibit negative effects on human health, including neuro-behavioral deficits, reproductive toxicity, immunotoxicity and endocrine-disturbing effects. The metabolism of organic pollutants by microorganisms, animals, plants and humans is an important function of the environment, possibly altering the fate and ecological risk of these toxics and their metabolites. More specifically, some metabolites of emerging toxins may exhibit higher toxicity and bioaccumulation than their parent toxins, which has been often neglected. Further research on the fate, metabolism and toxicity exposure of emerging toxidcs needs to be accomplished and improved, aiming to elucidate their toxicity mechanism and potential risk.
The adverse effects of emerging toxics and metabolites to plant, microorganism and human health have become research hotspots. Thus, evidence is still needed to clarify the occurrence and metabolism behavior of emerging toxics, and the risk of their transformation products should also be studied. This new evidence will guide policies to better control and manage global pollution.
This Special Issue of Toxics focuses on the distribution, metabolism and toxicity exposure of emerging toxics. Here are some examples of topics that could be addressed in this Special Issue:

  1. Level and distribution of emerging toxics in the environment and organisms;
  2. Migration and biotransformation of emerging toxics in animals, plants, the microbe and humans;
  3. Degradation methods for toxic pollutants;
  4. Biological and ecological toxicities of organic pollutants and their metabolites;
  5. Metabolism and human health risks;
  6. Metabolomics, proteomics and genomics.
Prof. Dr. Jianteng Sun
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • emerging toxics
  • environmental occurrence and fate
  • migration and biotransformation
  • degradation and remediation
  • biological and ecological risks
  • metabolism and human health

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7146 KiB  
Article
Distribution and Risk Assessment of Organophosphate Esters in Agricultural Soils and Plants in the Coastal Areas of South China
by Wangxing Luo, Siyu Yao, Jiahui Huang, Haochuan Wu, Haijun Zhou, Mingjiang Du, Ling Jin and Jianteng Sun
Toxics 2024, 12(4), 286; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics12040286 - 12 Apr 2024
Viewed by 499
Abstract
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are frequently used as flame retardants and plasticizers in various commercial products. While initially considered as substitutes for brominated flame retardants, they have faced restrictions in some countries due to their toxic effects on organisms. We collected 37 soil and [...] Read more.
Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are frequently used as flame retardants and plasticizers in various commercial products. While initially considered as substitutes for brominated flame retardants, they have faced restrictions in some countries due to their toxic effects on organisms. We collected 37 soil and crop samples in 20 cities along the coast of South China, and OPEs were detected in all of them. Meanwhile, we studied the contamination and potential human health risks of OPEs. In soil samples, the combined concentrations of eight OPEs varied between 74.7 and 410 ng/g, averaging at 255 ng/g. Meanwhile, in plant samples, the collective concentrations of eight OPEs ranged from 202 to 751 ng/g, with an average concentration of 381 ng/g. TDCIPP, TCPP, TCEP, and ToCP were the main OPE compounds in both plant and soil samples. Within the study area, the contaminants showed different spatial distributions. Notably, higher OPEs were found in coastal agricultural soils in Guangdong Province and crops in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. The results of an ecological risk assessment show that the farmland soil along the southern coast of China is at high or medium ecological risk. The average non-carcinogenic risk and the carcinogenic risk of OPEs in soil through ingestion and dermal exposure routes are within acceptable levels. Meanwhile, this study found that the dietary intake of OPEs through food is relatively low, but twice as high as other studies, requiring serious attention. The research findings suggest that the human risk assessment indicates potential adverse effects on human health due to OPEs in the soil–plant system along the coast of South China. This study provides a crucial foundation for managing safety risks in agricultural operations involving OPEs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution, Metabolism, and Toxicity Exposure of Emerging Toxics)
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14 pages, 2558 KiB  
Article
Tetracycline Adsorption Performance and Mechanism Using Calcium Hydroxide-Modified Biochars
by Kaifeng Wang, Runlin Yao, Dongqing Zhang, Na Peng, Ping Zhao, Yongming Zhong, Haijun Zhou, Jiahui Huang and Chen Liu
Toxics 2023, 11(10), 841; https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics11100841 - 07 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1066
Abstract
Tetracycline is frequently found in various environments and poses significant ecological risks. Calcium hydroxide-modified biochar has shown potential as a material for removing multiple classes of pollutants from wastewater streams. The tetracycline-adsorption performance and mechanism of alkali-modified biochars derived from nine wastes (corn [...] Read more.
Tetracycline is frequently found in various environments and poses significant ecological risks. Calcium hydroxide-modified biochar has shown potential as a material for removing multiple classes of pollutants from wastewater streams. The tetracycline-adsorption performance and mechanism of alkali-modified biochars derived from nine wastes (corn straw, rice straw, swine manure, cypress powder, wheat straw, peanut shell, walnut shell powder, soybean straw, and corncobs) were investigated in the study. Among the four alkalis tested, calcium hydroxide exhibited the most effective modification effects at a pyrolysis temperature of 500 °C. Straw biomass was most suitable to be modified by calcium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide-modified biochar showed the highest adsorption performance for tetracycline. The maximum adsorption capacities were 8.22 mg g−1 for pristine corn straw biochar and 93.46 mg g−1 for calcium hydroxide-modified corn straw biochar. The tetracycline adsorption mechanism by calcium hydroxide-modified corn straw biochar involved hydrogen bonding, oxygen-containing functional groups, Ca2+ metal complexation, and electrostatic attraction. Consequently, calcium hydroxide-modified corn straw biochar emerges as an environment-friendly, cost-effective, and efficient tetracycline adsorbent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Distribution, Metabolism, and Toxicity Exposure of Emerging Toxics)
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