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Article

Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine for Marine Applications: Off-Design Performance and Control System Considerations

by
Affiani Machmudah
1,2,*,
Tamiru Alemu Lemma
3,
Mahmud Iwan Solihin
4,
Yusron Feriadi
2,5,
Armin Rajabi
6,
Mohamad Imam Afandi
2 and
Aijaz Abbasi
7
1
Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Advance Technology and Multidisciplinary, Universitas Airlangga, Kampus C Jalan Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
2
Research Center for Hydrodynamics Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jl. Hidro Dinamika, Keputih, Sukolilo, Surabaya 60112, Indonesia
3
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Malaysia
4
Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
5
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha No 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
6
Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia
7
Mechanical Engineering, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science, and Technology, Nawabshah 67480, Pakistan
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Entropy 2022, 24(12), 1729; https://doi.org/10.3390/e24121729
Submission received: 29 September 2022 / Revised: 18 November 2022 / Accepted: 21 November 2022 / Published: 25 November 2022
(This article belongs to the Section Thermodynamics)
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Abstract

This paper addresses a design optimization of a gas turbine (GT) for marine applications. A gain-scheduling method incorporating a meta-heuristic optimization is proposed to optimize a thermodynamics-based model of a small GT engine. A comprehensive control system consisting of a proportional integral (PI) controller with additional proportional gains, gain scheduling, and a min-max controller is developed. The modeling of gains as a function of plant variables is presented. Meta-heuristic optimizations, namely a genetic algorithm (GA) and a whale optimization algorithm (WOA), are applied to optimize the designed control system. The results show that the WOA has better performance than that of the GA, where the WOA exhibits the minimum fitness value. Compared to the unoptimized gain, the time to reach the target of the power lever angle is significantly reduced. Optimal gain scheduling shows a stable response compared with a fixed gain, which can have oscillation effects as a controller responds. An effect of using bioethanol as a fuel has been observed. It shows that for the same input parameters of the GT dynamics model, the fuel flow increases significantly, as compared with diesel fuel, because of its low bioethanol heating value. Thus, a significant increase occurs only at the gain that depends on the fuel flow.
Keywords: gas turbine; control system; thermodynamics-based model; gain scheduling optimization; whale optimization algorithm; genetic algorithm; energy efficiency; marine propulsions gas turbine; control system; thermodynamics-based model; gain scheduling optimization; whale optimization algorithm; genetic algorithm; energy efficiency; marine propulsions

Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Machmudah, A.; Lemma, T.A.; Solihin, M.I.; Feriadi, Y.; Rajabi, A.; Afandi, M.I.; Abbasi, A. Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine for Marine Applications: Off-Design Performance and Control System Considerations. Entropy 2022, 24, 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/e24121729

AMA Style

Machmudah A, Lemma TA, Solihin MI, Feriadi Y, Rajabi A, Afandi MI, Abbasi A. Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine for Marine Applications: Off-Design Performance and Control System Considerations. Entropy. 2022; 24(12):1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/e24121729

Chicago/Turabian Style

Machmudah, Affiani, Tamiru Alemu Lemma, Mahmud Iwan Solihin, Yusron Feriadi, Armin Rajabi, Mohamad Imam Afandi, and Aijaz Abbasi. 2022. "Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine for Marine Applications: Off-Design Performance and Control System Considerations" Entropy 24, no. 12: 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/e24121729

APA Style

Machmudah, A., Lemma, T. A., Solihin, M. I., Feriadi, Y., Rajabi, A., Afandi, M. I., & Abbasi, A. (2022). Design Optimization of a Gas Turbine Engine for Marine Applications: Off-Design Performance and Control System Considerations. Entropy, 24(12), 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/e24121729

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