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Article

Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods

by
Jana Janockova
1,2,†,
Rafael Dolezal
1,2,3,†,
Eugenie Nepovimova
2,
Tereza Kobrlova
1,4,
Marketa Benkova
1,
Kamil Kuca
1,2,
Jan Konecny
1,2,
Eva Mezeiova
1,
Michaela Melikova
2,
Vendula Hepnarova
1,4,
Avi Ring
5,
Ondrej Soukup
1,4,* and
Jan Korabecny
1,4,*
1
Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
2
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
3
Center for Basic and Applied Research, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
4
Department of Toxicology and Military Pharmacy, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, University of Defence, Trebesska 1575, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
5
Norwegian Defence Research Establishment, Gunnar Randersvei 42, 2007 Kjeller, Norway
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
J.J. and R.D. contributed equally.
Molecules 2018, 23(11), 2926; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112926
Submission received: 5 October 2018 / Revised: 2 November 2018 / Accepted: 8 November 2018 / Published: 9 November 2018
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Application of Computational Methods in Drug Design)
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Abstract

The neuropeptides, orexin A and orexin B (also known as hypocretins), are produced in hypothalamic neurons and belong to ligands for orphan G protein-coupled receptors. Generally, the primary role of orexins is to act as excitatory neurotransmitters and regulate the sleep process. Lack of orexins may lead to sleep disorder narcolepsy in mice, dogs, and humans. Narcolepsy is a neurological disorder of alertness characterized by a decrease of ability to manage sleep-wake cycles, excessive daytime sleepiness, and other symptoms, such as cataplexy, vivid hallucinations, and paralysis. Thus, the discovery of orexin receptors, modulators, and their causal implication in narcolepsy is the most important advance in sleep-research. The presented work is focused on the evaluation of compounds L1–L11 selected by structure-based virtual screening for their ability to modulate orexin receptor type 2 (OX2R) in comparison with standard agonist orexin-A together with their blood-brain barrier permeability and cytotoxicity. We can conclude that the studied compounds possess an affinity towards the OX2R. However, the compounds do not have intrinsic activity and act as the antagonists of this receptor. It was shown that L4 was the most potent antagonistic ligand to orexin A and displayed an IC50 of 2.2 µM, offering some promise mainly for the treatment of insomnia.
Keywords: orexin A; suvorexant; orexin receptor modulators; narcolepsy; structure-based virtual screening orexin A; suvorexant; orexin receptor modulators; narcolepsy; structure-based virtual screening
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MDPI and ACS Style

Janockova, J.; Dolezal, R.; Nepovimova, E.; Kobrlova, T.; Benkova, M.; Kuca, K.; Konecny, J.; Mezeiova, E.; Melikova, M.; Hepnarova, V.; et al. Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. Molecules 2018, 23, 2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112926

AMA Style

Janockova J, Dolezal R, Nepovimova E, Kobrlova T, Benkova M, Kuca K, Konecny J, Mezeiova E, Melikova M, Hepnarova V, et al. Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. Molecules. 2018; 23(11):2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112926

Chicago/Turabian Style

Janockova, Jana, Rafael Dolezal, Eugenie Nepovimova, Tereza Kobrlova, Marketa Benkova, Kamil Kuca, Jan Konecny, Eva Mezeiova, Michaela Melikova, Vendula Hepnarova, and et al. 2018. "Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods" Molecules 23, no. 11: 2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112926

APA Style

Janockova, J., Dolezal, R., Nepovimova, E., Kobrlova, T., Benkova, M., Kuca, K., Konecny, J., Mezeiova, E., Melikova, M., Hepnarova, V., Ring, A., Soukup, O., & Korabecny, J. (2018). Investigation of New Orexin 2 Receptor Modulators Using In Silico and In Vitro Methods. Molecules, 23(11), 2926. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23112926

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