Orientation of Laurdan in Phospholipid Bilayers Influences Its Fluorescence: Quantum Mechanics and Classical Molecular Dynamics Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Ground State Absorption Spectra–Benchmarking the TD-DFT Method
2.2. Absorption Spectra in Lipid Bilayers
2.3. Emission Spectra in Lipid Bilayers
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Quantum Chemical Calculations
3.2. Classical MD Simulations
3.3. Simulations of Absorption and Emission Spectra in Lipid Bilayers
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
Excited State | PBE0/aug-cc-pVDZ | PBE0/aug-cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.57 (0.28) | 3.57 (0.28) | 3.43 (0.28) | 3.44 (0.28) |
S2 | 3.81 (0.48 × 10−4) | 3.83 (0.58 × 10−4) | 3.71 (0.33 × 10−3) | 3.73 (0.52 × 10−1) |
S3 | 3.85 (0.77 × 10−1) | 3.86 (0.72 × 10−1) | 3.73 (0.55 × 10−3) | 3.74 (0.56 × 10−3) |
S4 | 4.47 (0.15 × 10−1) | 4.49 (0.15 × 10−1) | 4.22 (0.13 × 10−1) | 4.23 (0.13 × 10−1) |
S5 | 4.54 (0.3) | 4.54 (0.31) | 4.36 (0.25) | 4.36 (0.26) |
Excited State | PBE0/cc-pVDZ | PBE0/cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.64 (0.26) | 3.65 (0.27) | 3.52 (0.26) | 3.52 (0.27) |
S2 | 3.83(0.21 × 10−4) | 3.86 (0.41 × 10−4) | 3.74 (0.15 × 10−4) | 3.78 (0.35 × 10−4) |
S3 | 3.95 (0.62 × 10−1) | 3.94 (0.73 × 10−1) | 3.82 (0.45 × 10−1) | 3.81 (0.52 × 10−1) |
S4 | 4.65 (0.36) | 4.64 (0.34) | 4.48 (0.31) | 4.46 (0.29) |
S5 | 5.13 (0.14 × 10−3) | 5.15 (0.21 × 10−3) | 4.88 (0.38 × 10−4) | 4.91 (0.26 × 10−4) |
Excited State | PBE0aug-/cc-pVDZ | PBE0/aug-cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.33 (0.46) | 3.34 (0.45) | 3.19 (0.45) | 3.21 (0.44) |
S2 | 3.69 (0.89 × 10−1) | 3.70 (0.89 × 10−1) | 3.57 (0.62 × 10−1) | 3.58 (0.65 × 10−1) |
S3 | 3.96 (0.54 × 10−4) | 3.98 (0.67 × 10−4) | 3.88 (0.61 × 10-4) | 3.92 (0.74 × 10−4) |
S4 | 4.32 (0.21) | 4.33 (0.23) | 4.12 (0.18) | 4.15 (0.20) |
S5 | 4.67 (0.16 × 10−1) | 4.67 (0.15 × 10−1) | 4.43 (0.14 × 10−1) | 4.44 (0.14 × 10−1) |
Excited State | PBE0/cc-pVDZ | PBE0/cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.44 (0.37) | 3.44 (0.41) | 3.32 (0.37) | 3.31 (0.41) |
S2 | 3.82 (0.10) | 3.80 (0.10) | 3.69 (0.73 × 10−1) | 3.68 (0.74 × 10−1) |
S3 | 3.98 (0.39 × 10−4) | 4.04 (0.64 × 10−4) | 3.90 (0.34 × 10−4) | 3.97 (0.58 × 10−4) |
S4 | 4.47 (0.29) | 4.44 (0.27) | 4.28 (0.24) | 4.26 (0.22) |
S5 | 5.11 (0.16 × 10−1) | 5.09 (0.45) | 4.95 (0.27) | 4.95 (0.33) |
Excited State | PBE0/aug-cc-pVDZ | PBE0aug-/cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/aug-cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.46 (0.39) | 3.47 (0.39) | 3.33 (0.39) | 3.34 (0.39) |
S2 | 3.79 (0.92 × 10−1) | 3.80 (0.88 × 10−1) | 3.67 (0.66 × 10−1) | 3.67 (0.63 × 10−1) |
S3 | 3.86 (0.58 × 10−4) | 3.88 (0.63 × 10−4) | 3.77 (0.52 × 10−4) | 3.79 (0.59 × 10-4) |
S4 | 4.44 (0.32) | 4.44 (0.34) | 4.26 (0.27) | 4.26 (0.29) |
S5 | 4.55 (0.19 × 10−1) | 4.56 (0.18 × 10−1) | 4.30 (0.16 × 10−1) | 4.32 (0.16 × 10−1) |
Excited State | PBE0/cc-pVDZ | PBE0/cc-pVTZ | B3LYP/cc-pVDZ | B3LYP/cc-pVTZ |
S1 | 3.55 (0.34) | 3.55 (0.36) | 3.43 (0.34) | 3.43 (0.37) |
S2 | 3.89 (0.33 × 10−4) | 3.89 (0.91 × 10−1) | 3.77 (0.60 × 10−1) | 3.77 (0.66 × 10−1) |
S3 | 3.90 (0.82 × 10−1) | 3.902 (0.70 × 10−4) | 3.79 (0.52 × 10−) | 3.84 (0.52 × 10−4) |
S4 | 4.56 (0.40) | 4.54 (0.38) | 4.38 (0.34) | 4.36 (0.33) |
S5 | 5.15 (0.37) | 5.13 (0.44) | 4.95 (0.29 × 10−3) | 4.98 (0.33) |
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Wasif Baig, M.; Pederzoli, M.; Jurkiewicz, P.; Cwiklik, L.; Pittner, J. Orientation of Laurdan in Phospholipid Bilayers Influences Its Fluorescence: Quantum Mechanics and Classical Molecular Dynamics Study. Molecules 2018, 23, 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071707
Wasif Baig M, Pederzoli M, Jurkiewicz P, Cwiklik L, Pittner J. Orientation of Laurdan in Phospholipid Bilayers Influences Its Fluorescence: Quantum Mechanics and Classical Molecular Dynamics Study. Molecules. 2018; 23(7):1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071707
Chicago/Turabian StyleWasif Baig, Mirza, Marek Pederzoli, Piotr Jurkiewicz, Lukasz Cwiklik, and Jiri Pittner. 2018. "Orientation of Laurdan in Phospholipid Bilayers Influences Its Fluorescence: Quantum Mechanics and Classical Molecular Dynamics Study" Molecules 23, no. 7: 1707. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23071707