Residue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine in Broiler Chicken Claws and a Comparison of Their Concentrations in Edible Tissues Using LC–MS/MS
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In-House Validation of the Analytical Methodologies
2.2. Detection and Quantification of FF and FFA Concentrations in Samples of Claws, and Muscle and Liver Tissues
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Experimental Animals: Controlled and Treated Groups
4.2. Quantification of FF and FFA in Broiler Claws
4.2.1. Standard Solutions and Reagents
4.2.2. Sample Collection and Processing
4.2.3. Extraction Procedure
4.2.4. Instrumental Analysis
4.3. In-House Validation of the Analytical Methods
4.4. Depletion Study
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
Sampling Point | Days after Ceasing Treatment | Age of Birds (Days) | Average Concentration of FF + FFA in Claws Samples (ng·g−1) | Average Concentration of FF + FFA in Muscle Samples (ng·g−1) | Average Concentration of FF + FFA in Liver Samples (ng·g−1) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 5 | 15 | 651.9 | 68.9 | <LOD |
2 | 10 | 20 | 596.9 | <LOQ | <LOD |
3 | 20 | 30 | 161.0 | <LOD | <LOD |
4 | 25 | 35 | 97.9 | - | - |
5 | 30 | 40 | 102.4 | - | - |
6 | 35 | 45 | <LOD | - | - |
7 | 40 | 50 | <LOD | - | - |
Analyte | Precursor Ion (Q1 Mass; Da) | Fragment Ion (Q3 Mass; Da) | Time (ms) | DP (V) | EP (V) | CE (V) | CXP (V) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
FF1 | 356 | 336 | 100 | −50 | −5 | −15 | −8 |
FF2 | 356 | 185 | 100 | −50 | −5 | −17 | −12 |
FFA1 | 248 | 230 | 200 | 45 | 5 | 22 | 25 |
FFA2 | 248 | 130 | 200 | 45 | 2 | 30 | 10 |
CAF-d5 (IS) | 326 | 157 | 100 | 25 | 10 | −25 | −20 |
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Pokrant, E.; Riquelme, R.; Maddaleno, A.; San Martín, B.; Cornejo, J. Residue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine in Broiler Chicken Claws and a Comparison of Their Concentrations in Edible Tissues Using LC–MS/MS. Molecules 2018, 23, 2211. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092211
Pokrant E, Riquelme R, Maddaleno A, San Martín B, Cornejo J. Residue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine in Broiler Chicken Claws and a Comparison of Their Concentrations in Edible Tissues Using LC–MS/MS. Molecules. 2018; 23(9):2211. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092211
Chicago/Turabian StylePokrant, Ekaterina, Ricardo Riquelme, Aldo Maddaleno, Betty San Martín, and Javiera Cornejo. 2018. "Residue Depletion of Florfenicol and Florfenicol Amine in Broiler Chicken Claws and a Comparison of Their Concentrations in Edible Tissues Using LC–MS/MS" Molecules 23, no. 9: 2211. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092211