Rheological, Thermal, Superficial, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Achira Starch Modified with Lactic Acid and Oleic Acid
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Rheometric Analysis
2.2. Rheological Analysis
2.3. IR Analysis
2.4. SEM Analysis
2.5. Thermal Analysis
2.6. X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis
2.7. Contact Angle Analysis
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. Preparation of Polymeric Materials
3.3. Characterization
3.3.1. Rheometric Analysis
3.3.2. Rheological Analysis
3.3.3. IR Analysis
3.3.4. Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis
3.3.5. Thermal Analysis
3.3.6. XRD Analysis
3.3.7. Contact Angle Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds area available from the authors. |
Sample | Torque max (Nm) | Torque min (Nm) | T min (°C) | Energy (kJ) |
---|---|---|---|---|
TPSs | 12.8 | 10.3 | 109.2 | 57.4 |
TPSs O-3 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 99.6 | 53.7 |
TPSs O-6 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 95.1 | 43.0 |
TPSs O-9 | 20.0 | 13.7 | 105.8 | 80.4 |
TPSs L-3 | 6.2 | 3.2 | 111.7 | 4.7 |
TPSs L-6 | 9.1 | 5.9 | 89.0 | 35.1 |
TPSs L-9 | 11.5 | 7.3 | 100.2 | 24.3 |
TPSg | 47.0 | 31.2 | 93.6 | 166.3 |
TPSg O-3 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 111.0 | 48.2 |
TPSg O-6 | 11.4 | 9.5 | 113.5 | 44.3 |
TPSg O-9 | 32.5 | 30.1 | 98.5 | 156.2 |
TPSg L-3 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 98.6 | 4.7 |
TPSg L-6 | 10.8 | 2.3 | 110.0 | 18.3 |
TPSg L-9 | 38.5 | 13.5 | 84.6 | 119.4 |
Samples | Starch (wt.%) | Plasticizing (wt.%) | Acid Agent (wt.%) |
---|---|---|---|
TPSs | 70.0 | 30.0 | 0 |
TPSs O-3 | 67.9 | 29.1 | 3 |
TPSs O-6 | 65.8 | 28.2 | 6 |
TPSs O-9 | 63.7 | 27.3 | 9 |
TPSs L-3 | 67.9 | 29.1 | 3 |
TPSs L-6 | 65.8 | 28.2 | 6 |
TPSs L-9 | 63.7 | 27.3 | 9 |
TPSg | 70.0 | 30.0 | 0 |
TPSg O-3 | 67.9 | 29.1 | 3 |
TPSg O-6 | 65.8 | 28.2 | 6 |
TPSg O-9 | 63.7 | 27.3 | 9 |
TPSg L-3 | 67.9 | 29.1 | 3 |
TPSg L-6 | 65.8 | 28.2 | 6 |
TPSg L-9 | 63.7 | 27.3 | 9 |
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Caicedo, C.; Aguirre Loredo, R.Y.; Fonseca García, A.; Ossa, O.H.; Vázquez Arce, A.; Calambás Pulgarin, H.L.; Ávila Torres, Y. Rheological, Thermal, Superficial, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Achira Starch Modified with Lactic Acid and Oleic Acid. Molecules 2019, 24, 4433. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244433
Caicedo C, Aguirre Loredo RY, Fonseca García A, Ossa OH, Vázquez Arce A, Calambás Pulgarin HL, Ávila Torres Y. Rheological, Thermal, Superficial, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Achira Starch Modified with Lactic Acid and Oleic Acid. Molecules. 2019; 24(24):4433. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244433
Chicago/Turabian StyleCaicedo, Carolina, Rocío Yaneli Aguirre Loredo, Abril Fonseca García, Omar Hernán Ossa, Aldo Vázquez Arce, Heidy Lorena Calambás Pulgarin, and Yenny Ávila Torres. 2019. "Rheological, Thermal, Superficial, and Morphological Properties of Thermoplastic Achira Starch Modified with Lactic Acid and Oleic Acid" Molecules 24, no. 24: 4433. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24244433