Enhancing Removal of Cr(VI), Pb2+, and Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions Using Amino-Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystal
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Preparation and Characterization of ACNC
2.2. Adsorption of Metal Ions
2.2.1. pH Effect on Adsorption
2.2.2. Adsorption Kinetics
2.2.3. Adsorption Isotherms
2.2.4. Reusability of ACNC
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Materials
3.2. Preparation of DACNC
3.3. Amino Functionalization of DACNC with Diethylenetriamine (DETA)
3.4. Characterization
3.4.1. Elemental Analysis
3.4.2. Zeta Potential Measurement
3.4.3. FT-IR
3.4.4. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analysis
3.4.5. AFM Observation
3.5. Adsorption of Metal Ions
3.6. Regeneration Study
3.7. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Samples | C | H | O | N | S |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CNC | 39.96 | 10.02 | 49.82 | 0 | 0.20 |
DACNC | 39.75 | 9.27 | 50.73 | 0 | 0.25 |
ACNC-1 | 41.64 | 9.30 | 47.23 | 1.59 | 0.24 |
ACNC-2 | 41.24 | 9.66 | 47.10 | 1.71 | 0.29 |
ACNC-3 | 41.38 | 10.07 | 46.35 | 1.92 | 0.28 |
ACNC-4 | 41.64 | 10.40 | 45.63 | 2.12 | 0.21 |
Models | Parameters | Cr(VI) | Pb2+ | Cu2+ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Pseudo first-order | R2 | 0.660 | 0.614 | 0.598 |
k1 (h−1) | 0.466 | 0.388 | 0.415 | |
qe cal (mg/g) | 5.981 | 7.863 | 7.155 | |
Pseudo second-order | R2 | 0.999 | 0.999 | 0.999 |
k2 (g/mg·h) | 0.122 | 0.162 | 0.112 | |
qe cal (mg/g) | 64.103 | 51.813 | 45.660 | |
qe exp (mg/g) | 63.608 ± 1.645 | 51.571 ± 2.271 | 45.364 ± 2.072 |
Models | Parameters | Cr(VI) | Pb2+ | Cu2+ |
---|---|---|---|---|
Langmuir | R2 | 0.971 | 0.905 | 0.928 |
KL (L/g) | 0.0434 | 0.0331 | 0.0299 | |
qmax (mg/g) | 77.560 | 65.215 | 58.501 | |
Freundlich | R2 | 0.809 | 0.709 | 0.759 |
Kf (mg/g) | 15.243 | 10.711 | 8.870 | |
1/n | 0.296 | 0.321 | 0.333 | |
Sips | R2 | 0.987 | 0.995 | 0.980 |
qs (mg/g) | 70.503 | 54.115 | 49.600 | |
Ks (mL/mg) | 0.0164 | 0.0127 | 0.0271 | |
m | 1.378 | 2.119 | 1.799 | |
qe exp (mg/g) | 67.216 ± 1.688 | 53.258 ± 1.787 | 47.913 ± 1.267 |
Adsorbents | Metal Ions | qe (mg/g) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Amination CNCs with acrylamide and ethylenediamine | Cr(VI) | 2.77 | [33] |
Polycysteine-grafted CNFs | Cr(VI) | 87.5 | [34] |
carboxylic nanocellulose | Cu(II) | 75.0 | [35] |
Pristine CNCs | Pb(II) | 9.42 | [9] |
Cu(II) | 19.7 | [8] | |
TEMPO-oxidized CNFs modified with PEI | Cu(II) | 52.3 | [36] |
TEMPO-modified CNF | Cu(II) | 23.8 | [37] |
Diethylenetriamine- BC (EABC) | Pb(II) | 12 | [38] |
Cu(II) | 63.1 | ||
ACNC | Cu(II) | 49.6 | This work |
Pb(II) | 54.1 | ||
Cr(VI) | 70.5 |
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Xu, Q.; Huang, X.; Guo, L.; Wang, Y.; Jin, L. Enhancing Removal of Cr(VI), Pb2+, and Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions Using Amino-Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystal. Molecules 2021, 26, 7315. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237315
Xu Q, Huang X, Guo L, Wang Y, Jin L. Enhancing Removal of Cr(VI), Pb2+, and Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions Using Amino-Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystal. Molecules. 2021; 26(23):7315. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237315
Chicago/Turabian StyleXu, Qinghua, Xiaodi Huang, Lukuan Guo, Yu Wang, and Liqiang Jin. 2021. "Enhancing Removal of Cr(VI), Pb2+, and Cu2+ from Aqueous Solutions Using Amino-Functionalized Cellulose Nanocrystal" Molecules 26, no. 23: 7315. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237315