Sigma-1 Receptor Agonist TS-157 Improves Motor Functional Recovery by Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and pERK in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. In Vitro Non-Cytotoxicity and Membrane Permeability of TS-157
2.2. TS-157 Induces Neurite Outgrowth of N1E-115 Neuronal Cell
2.3. TS-157 Induces Neurite Outgrowth through σ-1 Receptor
2.4. Motor Function Recovery of Long-Term tMCAO Rats by TS-157 Administration
2.5. No Amelioration for Cerebral Infarct Volume of tMCAO Rats by TS-157
2.6. The σ-1 Antagonist Reverses the Recovery of Motor Function in tMCAO Rats
2.7. ERK Pathway Participates in the Protection of Exercise Capacity of TS-157
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Preparation of TS-157
4.2. MTT Assay
4.3. PAMPA Test
4.4. Neurite Outgrowth in N1E-115 Cells
4.5. RNA Isolation and Quantitative Real-Time PCR
4.6. Western Blotting
4.7. The tMCAO in SD Rats
4.8. Rotarod Test
4.9. Corner Test
4.10. Measurement of Infarct Size
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Compound | Tested Pe 10−6 cm/s a | Theoretical Pe 10−6 cm/s | LogBB b | CNS MPO c |
---|---|---|---|---|
Verapamil | 12.3 ± 0.41 | 16.0 | / | / |
Atenolol | 0.81 ± 0.22 | 0.8 | / | / |
TS-157 | 3.15 ± 0.35 | −0.005 | 5.4 |
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Shi, J.-J.; Jiang, Q.-H.; Zhang, T.-N.; Sun, H.; Shi, W.-W.; Gunosewoyo, H.; Yang, F.; Tang, J.; Pang, T.; Yu, L.-F. Sigma-1 Receptor Agonist TS-157 Improves Motor Functional Recovery by Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and pERK in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Molecules 2021, 26, 1212. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051212
Shi J-J, Jiang Q-H, Zhang T-N, Sun H, Shi W-W, Gunosewoyo H, Yang F, Tang J, Pang T, Yu L-F. Sigma-1 Receptor Agonist TS-157 Improves Motor Functional Recovery by Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and pERK in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia. Molecules. 2021; 26(5):1212. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051212
Chicago/Turabian StyleShi, Jun-Jie, Qi-Hui Jiang, Tian-Ning Zhang, Hao Sun, Wen-Wen Shi, Hendra Gunosewoyo, Fan Yang, Jie Tang, Tao Pang, and Li-Fang Yu. 2021. "Sigma-1 Receptor Agonist TS-157 Improves Motor Functional Recovery by Promoting Neurite Outgrowth and pERK in Rats with Focal Cerebral Ischemia" Molecules 26, no. 5: 1212. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051212