Secondary Metabolites of Purpureocillium lilacinum
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Leucinostatins
3. PK Metabolites
3.1. Acremonidins and Acremoxanthones
3.2. Paecilomide
3.3. Pyrones
3.4. Phomaligols
3.5. Pigment
4. Other Compounds
4.1. Ergosterols
4.2. Cerebrosides
4.3. Paecilaminols and Others
Metabolites | CAS. No | Material Source | Biological Activity |
---|---|---|---|
Leucinostatin A | 76600-38-9 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Inhibited prostate cancer cells [29], nematocidal activity [26], activity against Gram-positive bacteria [27]. |
Leucinostatin B | 159544-15-7 | Culture medium of P. lilacinm | Treatment of systemic candidiasis, nematocidal activity [26], activity against Gram-positive bacteria [27]. |
Leucinostatin C | 110483-88-0 | Culture medium of P. lilacinm | Drug-related side-effects and adverse reactions activity against Gram-positive bacteria [27], nematocidal activity [26]. |
Leucinostatin D | 100334-47-2 | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. marquandii | Activity against Gram-positive bacteria [27], nematocidal activity [26]. |
Leucinostatin F | Culture medium of P. lilacinm | Unknown | |
Leucinostatin H | 109539-58-4 | Culture medium of P. lilacinm | Nematocidal activity [26]. |
Leucinostatin K | 109539-57-3 | Culture medium of P. lilacinm | Nematocidal activity [26]. |
Leucinostatin Y | Mycelia, cultivated complex of P. linacinus 40-H-28 | Preferential cytotoxicity to cancer cells under glucose-deprived conditions and inhibition of mitochondrial function [32]. | |
Acremoxanthone C | 1360445-63-1P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Cytotoxicity and 20 s proteasome inhibitory activity; high affinity with human calmodulin biosensors [37]; anti-oomycete activities [38]; exhibited anti-Bacillus cereus, antibacterial, antifungal, antiplasmodial, and cytotoxic activity; Gram-positive bacteria [36]. |
Acremoxanthone D | 1360445-62-0P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Moderate 20 s proteasome inhibitory activity [37]. |
Acremoxanthone F | 1882150-25-5P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Antimalarial activity against plasmodium falciparum K1 strain and multidrug-resistant strain [39]. |
Acremoxanthone G | 1882150-26-6P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Antimalarial activity against plasmodium falciparum K1 strain and multidrug-resistant strain [39]. |
Acremonidin A | 701914-77-4P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Moderate activity Against Gram-positive bacteria [36]. |
Acremonidin C | 701914-79-6P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Antibacterial activity [36]. |
Acremonidin G | 1882150-23-3P | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Anti-enterococcus faecium activity [39]. |
Paecilomide | 1538575-22-2P | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor [41]. |
9(11)-dehydroergosterolperoxide | 91579717 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Cytotoxic effect [51]. |
Ergosterol peroxide | 2061-64-5 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Exhibits antimycobacterial, trypanocidal, and antineoplastic activities [51]. |
(22E,24R)-5α, 6α-epoxy-3β-hydroxyergosta-22-ene-7-one | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Inhibitory effect of human cancer K562, MCF-7, HL-60, and BGC-823 cells [50]. | |
Cerebroside A | 115681-40-8 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Induction of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in animals [56]. |
Cerebroside B | 88642-46-0 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Causes disease such as fusariosis, colitis, and apnea |
Cerebroside C | 98677-33-9 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Activity of cell wall-active; antibiotics; induction of cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis in animals [55]. |
Cerebroside D | 113773-89-0 | P. lilacinus ZBY-1 from deep sea water | Activity of cell wall-active antibiotics [55]. |
Paecilopyrone A | 1173292-70-0 | Cultivated, mycelia complex of P. lilacinm | Unknown |
Paecilopyrone B | 1173292-71-1 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomapyrone B | 157744-25-7 | Same as above | Unknown |
Micropyrone | 54682570 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomapyrone C | 157744-26-8 | Same as above | Unknown |
Kojic acid | 501-30-4 | Same as above | Antibacterial activities; tyrosinase inhibitory activity [44]. |
Phomaligol A | 152204-32-5 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomaligol A1 | 152053-11-7 | Same as above | Unknown |
Methylphomaligol A | 152159-01-8 | Same as above | Unknown |
Acetylphomaligol A | 1173292-72-2 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomaligol A hydroperoxide | 181798-75-4 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomaligol A1 hydroperoxide | 182072-72-6 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomaligol B | 1173292-73-3 | Same as above | Unknown |
Phomaligol C | 1173292-74-4 | Same as above | Unknown |
Paecilaminol | 540770-33-0 | Same as above | Inhibits human cancer cell K562, MCF-7, HL-60, and BGC-823 cells [50]. |
Paecilaminol Hydrochloride | 1650570-79-8 | Same as above | Inhibits human cancer cell K562, MCF-7, HL-60, and BGC-823 cells |
Me myristate | 124-10-7 | Same as above | Medical carrier [50]. |
Me linoleate | 112-63-0 | Same as above | Exhibited cytotoxic antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus [59]. |
Indole-3-carboxaldehyde | 487-89-8 | Same as above | Antimicrobial properties [62]. |
Indolyl-3-carboxylic acid | 771-50-6 | Same as above | Potential in vitro antimalarial, anticancer activity [63]. |
4-hydroxybenzoic acid | 99-96-7 | Same as above | Inhibits LPS-induced protein [64]. |
Purpureone | 2231079-10-8P | Mycelium of P. lilacinm | Antileishmanial activity; antibacterial activity [49]. |
5. Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites in Purpureocillium lilacinum
6. Problems and Perspectives
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Chen, W.; Hu, Q. Secondary Metabolites of Purpureocillium lilacinum. Molecules 2022, 27, 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010018
Chen W, Hu Q. Secondary Metabolites of Purpureocillium lilacinum. Molecules. 2022; 27(1):18. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010018
Chicago/Turabian StyleChen, Wei, and Qiongbo Hu. 2022. "Secondary Metabolites of Purpureocillium lilacinum" Molecules 27, no. 1: 18. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27010018