Integrated Metabolome and Lipidome Strategy to Reveal the Action Pattern of Paclobutrazol, a Plant Growth Retardant, in Varying the Chemical Constituents of Platycodon Root
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effects of Paclobutrazol on the Growth of Platycodon Root
2.2. Effect of Paclobutrazol on Metabolic Profile of Platycodon Root
NO. | Compound ID | Adducts | Formula | Mass Error/ppm | MS/MS Information | Identify | Treatments |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 10.53_1279.5597m/z | [M−H]− | C59H92O30 | −0.25 | 1127.4875, 695.3644, 679.3696, 519.3330, 469.1564 | 3″-O-acetylplatyconic acid A | 2Y |
2 | 11.09_1121.5372m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C52H84O23 | −1.23 | 1075.5308, 753.4072, 681.3852, 665.3905, 541.1770, 469.1563 | platycoside J | 2Y |
3 | 11.37_1473.6372m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O34 | −1.31 | 1385.6228, 1367.6129, 843.4386, 825.4280, 781.4382, 663.3752 | 3″-O-acetyl platycodin D2 | 2Y |
4 | 11.56_1266.5938n | [M−H]− | C59H94O29 | −0.38 | 1223.5702, 723.3969, 681.3851, 663.3754, 541.1772, 469.1565 | platycodin C | 2Y, 3Y |
5 | 11.95_1457.6422m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O33 | −0.26 | 1369.6268, 827.4436, 809.4331, 765.4435, 647.3804, 541.1777 | 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2 | 2Y, 3Y |
6 | 12.49_1279.5598m/z | [M−H]− | C59H92O30 | −0.18 | 1249.5525, 1069.4838, 695.3647, 485.2907, 471.3113, 423.2904 | platycodin L | 2Y |
7 | 12.79_1279.5594m/z | [M−H]− | C59H92O30 | −0.52 | 995.4454, 849.3937, 717.3456, 695.3647, 469.2963, 409.3110 | 2″-O-acetylplatyconic acid A | 2Y |
8 | 13.74_1473.6371m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O34 | −1.43 | 1367.6112, 843.4381, 825.4280, 781.4389, 663.3743, 519.3329 | 2″-O-acetyl platycodin D2 | 2Y |
9 | 14.04_1266.5937n | [M−H]− | C59H94O29 | −0.05 | 1223.5674, 723.3954, 681.3850, 541.1770, 469.1561 | platycodin A | 2Y, 3Y |
10 | 14.55_1457.6424m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O33 | −1.30 | 1369.6276, 1147.5481, 827.4432, 809.4327, 647.3801, 491.1380 | 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D2 | 2Y, 3Y |
11 | 15.47_1279.5586m/z | [M−H]− | C59H92O30 | −1.16 | 1249.5469, 1069.4835, 695.3639, 665.3540, 633.3631, 471.3111 | platycodin K | 2Y |
12 | 19.54_519.3323m/z | [M−H]− | C30H48O7 | −0.84 | 473.3248, 457.3316, 407.2954, 341.2212, 313.2396 | platycodigenin | 2Y |
13 | 7.11_1532.6860n | [M+HCOO]− | C69H112O37 | −1.47 | 1531.6792, 1239.5618, 989.4940, 665.3904, 541.1773, 469.1559 | platycoside D | 2Y |
14 | 7.71_1254.5934n | [M+HCOO]− | C58H94O29 | −1.08 | 1253.5785, 843.4378, 825.4278, 681.3845, 519.3325, 471.3116 | deapioplatycodin D3 | 2Y |
15 | 2.15_828.2724n | [M+HCOO]− | C30H52O26 | −2.72 | 827.2669, 647.2034, 485.1507, 341.1086, 323.0979, 179.0559 | 1-fructofuranosylnystose | 2Y, 3Y |
16 | 3.25_1314.4321n | [M+HCOO]− | C48H82O41 | −0.81 | 1313.4254, 1133.3627, 971.3085, 809.2560, 647.2036, 161.0457 | 1,1,1,1,1,1-kestooctaose | 2Y, 3Y |
17 | 3.33_1197.3771m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C42H72O36 | −1.20 | 1151.3725, 971.3081, 827.2674, 647.2037, 342.1127, 179.0562 | 1,1,1,1,1-kestoheptaose | 2Y, 3Y |
18 | 3.33_1476.4839n | [M+HCOO]− | C54H92O46 | −1.38 | 1475.4770, 1151.3725, 989.3190, 809.2569, 665.2148, 557.1721 | 1,1,1,1,1,1,1-kestononaose | 2Y, 3Y |
19 | 3.33_990.3318n | [M−H]− | C36H62O31 | −0.95 | 809.2565, 647.2037, 485.1510, 395.1200, 323.0982, 179.0562 | 1,1,1,1-kestohexaose | 2Y, 3Y |
20 | 6.71_441.1765m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C20H28O8 | −0.40 | 395.1709, 305.1243, 215.1082, 185.0976, 159.0817, 143.0708 | lobetyolin | 2Y |
21 | 22.76_433.2356m/z | [M−H]− | C21H39O7P | −1.00 | 433.2361, 279.2329, 152.9961 | LPA 18:2 | 2Y |
22 | 22.61_295.2280m/z | [M−H]− | C18H32O3 | 0.50 | 277.21745, 233.2285, 195.1394, 183.1024, 125.0952 | 9-hydroxy-10,12-octadecadienoic acid or isomer | 2Y, 3Y |
23 | 23.01_293.2120m/z | [M−H]− | C18H30O3 | −0.64 | 275.2026, 249.2222, 195.1391, 167.1086, 139.1137, 113.0974 | 9-oxo-10(E),12(E)-octadecadienoic acid or isomer | 2Y |
24 | 25.43_277.2173m/z | [M−H]− | C18H30O2 | −0.02 | 259.2069, 233.2278, 221.1551, 209.1552 | linolenic acid | 2Y |
25 | 26.21_279.2331m/z | [M−H]− | C18H32O2 | 0.47 | 279.2332, 261.2231, 233.1901 | linoleic acid | 2Y |
26 | 26.62_255.2328m/z | [M−H]− | C16H32O2 | −2.18 | 255.2336, 238.2253 | palmitic acid | 2Y |
27 | 11.04_1223.5691m/z | [M−H]− | C57H92O28 | −0.57 | 1091.5254, 681.3850, 663.3751, 635.3793, 519.3329, 469.1564 | platycodin D | 3Y |
28 | 10.92_1386.6299n | [M−H]− | C63H102O33 | −0.08 | 843.4389, 825.4283, 781.4385, 663.3751, 541.1780, 469.1566 | platycodin D2 | 3Y |
29 | 12.35_1250.5932n | [M+HCOO]− | C59H94O28 | −0.70 | 1249.5852, 1207.57340 665.3907, 469.1565, 409.1353 | 3″-O-acetylpolygalacin D | 3Y |
30 | 15.20_1250.5932n | [M−H]− | C59H94O28 | −1.25 | 1207.5743, 665.3903, 469.1563, 665.3903, 469.1563, 409.1351 | 2″-O-acetylpolygalacin D | 3Y |
31 | 12.04_1237.5497m/z | [M−H]− | C57H90O29 | −0.21 | 1207.5386, 1027.4747, 695.3643, 665.3541, 471.3116, 423.2906 | platycodin J | 3Y |
32 | 13.30_1325.6009m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C60H96O29 | −1.27 | 1279.5970, 827.4432, 809.4326, 765.4430, 485.3282 | deapi-2″-O-acetyl-polygalacin D2 | 3Y |
33 | 11.23_1325.6011m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C60H96O29 | −0.56 | 1325.6012, 1237.5801, 827.4433, 809.4328, 765.4435, | deapi-3″-O-acetyl-polygalacin D3 | 3Y |
34 | 11.43_1370.6347n | [M−H]− | C63H102O32 | 0.09 | 1045.5170, 941.4794, 827.4432, 737.4197, 665.3890, 469.1566 | polygalacin D2 | 3Y |
35 | 8.26_1427.6331m/z | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O34 | −0.41 | 1385.6227, 1367.6132, 843.4382, 825.4271, 519.3330, 469.1565 | 3″-O-acetyl platycodin D3 | 3Y |
36 | 9.64_1428.6403n | [M+HCOO]− | C65H104O34 | −0.97 | 1385.6215, 1367.6215, 843.4380, 825.4275, 519.3324, 469.1565 | 2″-O-acetyl platycodin D3 | 3Y |
37 | 1.14_666.2211n | [M+HCOO]− | C24H42O21 | −0.51 | 711. 2197, 665.2143, 485.1514, 341.1095, 323.0981,179.0560 | nystose | 3Y |
38 | 0.46_341.1082m/z | [M−H]− | C12H22O11 | 0.09 | 272.0881, 221.0659, 179.0565, 161.0456 | sucrose | 3Y |
2.3. Effect of Paclobutrazol on Metabolic Profile of Platycodon Root
2.4. Multi-Quantitative Analysis of Key Components in Platycodon Root
2.4.1. Effects of Paclobutrazol on the Content of Total Saponins
2.4.2. Effects of Paclobutrazol on the Content of Polysaccharides and Oligosaccharides
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Multi-Quantitative Analysis of Key Components in Platycodon Root
3.2. Metabolome Analysis
3.3. Lipidome Analysis
3.4. Assay on Saponins
3.4.1. Total Saponins by UV
3.4.2. Total Saponins by UHPLC-ELSD
3.5. Assay on Saccharides
3.5.1. Water-Soluble Polysaccharides by UV
3.5.2. Oligosaccharides by UHPLC-ELSD
3.6. Data Analysis and Quality Assurance
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Content | Control | Paclobutrazol-Treated | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
2-Year-Old | 3-Year-Old | 2-Year-Old | 3-Year-Old | |
polysaccharides | 11.62% ± 2.03 | 9.40% ± 0.58 | 11.36% ± 1.33 | 11.52% ± 1.84 |
oligosaccharides | 8.93% ± 0.85 | 9.41% ± 0.50 | 8.71% ± 0.48 | 8.91% ± 0.58 |
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Lan, L.; Huang, W.; Zhou, H.; Yuan, J.; Miao, S.; Mao, X.; Hu, Q.; Ji, S. Integrated Metabolome and Lipidome Strategy to Reveal the Action Pattern of Paclobutrazol, a Plant Growth Retardant, in Varying the Chemical Constituents of Platycodon Root. Molecules 2022, 27, 6902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206902
Lan L, Huang W, Zhou H, Yuan J, Miao S, Mao X, Hu Q, Ji S. Integrated Metabolome and Lipidome Strategy to Reveal the Action Pattern of Paclobutrazol, a Plant Growth Retardant, in Varying the Chemical Constituents of Platycodon Root. Molecules. 2022; 27(20):6902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206902
Chicago/Turabian StyleLan, Lan, Weizhen Huang, Heng Zhou, Jiajia Yuan, Shui Miao, Xiuhong Mao, Qing Hu, and Shen Ji. 2022. "Integrated Metabolome and Lipidome Strategy to Reveal the Action Pattern of Paclobutrazol, a Plant Growth Retardant, in Varying the Chemical Constituents of Platycodon Root" Molecules 27, no. 20: 6902. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206902