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Review

Research Advances in Clinical Applications, Anticancer Mechanism, Total Chemical Synthesis, Semi-Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Paclitaxel

by
Shengnan Zhang
1,†,
Taiqiang Ye
1,†,
Yibin Liu
1,
Guige Hou
2,
Qibao Wang
3,
Fenglan Zhao
1,
Feng Li
1,* and
Qingguo Meng
1,*
1
Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Ministry of Education), Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
2
School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
3
School of Biological Science, Jining Medical University, Rizhao 276800, China
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2023, 28(22), 7517; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227517
Submission received: 14 October 2023 / Revised: 2 November 2023 / Accepted: 7 November 2023 / Published: 10 November 2023
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Discovery, Isolation, and Mechanisms of Bioactive Natural Products)
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Abstract

Paclitaxel, a natural secondary metabolite isolated and purified from the bark of the Taxus tree, is considered one of the most successful natural anticancer drugs due to its low toxicity, high potency and broad-spectrum anticancer activity. Taxus trees are scarce and slow-growing, and with extremely low paclitaxel content, the contradiction between supply and demand in the market is becoming more and more intense. Therefore, researchers have tried to obtain paclitaxel by various methods such as chemical synthesis, artificial culture, microbial fermentation and tissue cell culture to meet the clinical demand for this drug. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of paclitaxel extraction, combination therapy, total synthesis, semi-synthesis and biosynthesis in recent years and provides an outlook, aiming to provide a theoretical basis and reference for further research on the production and application of paclitaxel in the future.
Keywords: paclitaxel; anticancer mechanism; total synthesis; semi-synthesis; biosynthesis paclitaxel; anticancer mechanism; total synthesis; semi-synthesis; biosynthesis

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zhang, S.; Ye, T.; Liu, Y.; Hou, G.; Wang, Q.; Zhao, F.; Li, F.; Meng, Q. Research Advances in Clinical Applications, Anticancer Mechanism, Total Chemical Synthesis, Semi-Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Paclitaxel. Molecules 2023, 28, 7517. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227517

AMA Style

Zhang S, Ye T, Liu Y, Hou G, Wang Q, Zhao F, Li F, Meng Q. Research Advances in Clinical Applications, Anticancer Mechanism, Total Chemical Synthesis, Semi-Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Paclitaxel. Molecules. 2023; 28(22):7517. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227517

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhang, Shengnan, Taiqiang Ye, Yibin Liu, Guige Hou, Qibao Wang, Fenglan Zhao, Feng Li, and Qingguo Meng. 2023. "Research Advances in Clinical Applications, Anticancer Mechanism, Total Chemical Synthesis, Semi-Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Paclitaxel" Molecules 28, no. 22: 7517. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227517

APA Style

Zhang, S., Ye, T., Liu, Y., Hou, G., Wang, Q., Zhao, F., Li, F., & Meng, Q. (2023). Research Advances in Clinical Applications, Anticancer Mechanism, Total Chemical Synthesis, Semi-Synthesis and Biosynthesis of Paclitaxel. Molecules, 28(22), 7517. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28227517

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