The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Crosstalk: A Chemopreventive Target of Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: Mechanism of Transactivation, Physiological Functions and Their Role in Carcinogenesis
3. The AhR’s Interactions with Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-Related Factor-2
4. Estrogen Receptor α and β and Reciprocal AhR–ER Crosstalk
5. Targeting AhR Crosstalk with ER and Nrf2 through Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals in Chemoprevention
5.1. Brassica-Derived Phytochemicals Targeting AhR–ER and AhR–Nrf2 Crosstalk
5.1.1. Indoles
5.1.2. Isothiocyanates
5.2. Resveratrol and Its Natural Synthetic Analogs Targeting AhR–ER and Nrf2 Crosstalk
5.2.1. Resveratrol
5.2.2. Resveratrol Naturally Occurring Analogs
5.2.3. Synthetic Analogs of Resveratrol
6. Concluding Remarks
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Denison, M.S.; Nagy, S.R. Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor by structurally diverse exogenous and endogenous chemicals. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 2003, 43, 309–334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Opitz, C.A.; Holfelder, P.; Prentzell, M.T.; Trump, S. The complex biology of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation in cancer and beyond. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2023, 216, 115798. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Noakes, R. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor: A review of its role in the physiology and pathology of the integument and its relationship to the tryptophan metabolism. Int. J. Tryptophan Res. 2015, 8, 7–18. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Elson, D.J.; Kolluri, S.K. Tumor-Suppressive Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and AhR as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer. Biology 2023, 12, 526. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chong, Z.X.; Yong, C.Y.; Ong, A.H.K.; Yeap, S.K.; Ho, W.Y. Deciphering the roles of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in regulating carcinogenesis. Toxicology 2023, 495, 153596. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Matthews, J.; Ahmed, S. Chapter One-AHR-and ER-Mediated Toxicology and Chemoprevention. Adv. Mol. Toxicol. 2013, 7, 1–38. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Furue, M.; Uchi, H.; Mitoma, C.; Hashimoto-Hachiya, A.; Chiba, T.; Ito, T.; Nakahara, T.; Tsuji, G. Antioxidant for Healthy Skin: The Emerging Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptors and Nuclear Factor-Erythroid 2-Related Factor-2. Nutrients 2017, 9, 223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Griffith, B.D.; Frankel, T.L. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor: Impact on the Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Modulation as a Potential Therapy. Cancers 2024, 16, 472. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, Z.; Snyder, M.; Kenison, J.E.; Yang, K.; Lara, B.; Lydell, E.; Bennani, K.; Novikov, O.; Federico, A.; Monti, S.; et al. How the AHR Became Important in Cancer: The Role of Chronically Active AHR in Cancer Aggression. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 22, 387. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Safe, S. Molecular biology of the Ah receptor and its role in carcinogenesis. Toxicol. Lett. 2001, 120, 1–7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Formosa, R.; Vassallo, J. The Complex Biology of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Role in the Pituitary Gland. Horm. Cancer 2017, 8, 197–210. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gargaro, M.; Scalisi, G.; Manni, G.; Mondanelli, G.; Grohmann, U.; Fallarino, F. The Landscape of AhR Regulators and Coregulators to Fine-Tune AhR Functions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 757. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Larigot, L.; Juricek, L.; Dairou, J.; Coumoul, X. AhR signaling pathways and regulatory functions. Biochim. Open 2018, 7, 1–9. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yun, B.H.; Guo, J.; Bellamri, M.; Turesky, R.J. DNA Adducts: Formation, biological effects, and new biospecimens for mass spectrometric measurements in humans. Mass Spectrom. Rev. 2020, 39, 55–82. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Münzel, P.A.; Schmohl, S.; Heel, H.; Kälberer, K.; Bock-Henning, B.S.; Bock, K.W. Induction Induction of human UDP glucuronosyltransferases (UGT1A6, UGT1A9, and UGT2B7) by t-butylhydroquinone and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in Caco-2 cells. Drug Metab. Dispos. 1999, 27, 569–573. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Hwang, J.; Newton, E.M.; Hsiao, J.; Shi, V.Y. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (AHR/NRF2) signalling: A novel therapeutic target for atopic dermatitis. Exp. Dermatol. 2022, 31, 485–497. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shankar, G.M.; Swetha, M.; Keerthana, C.K.; Rayginia, T.P.; Anto, R.J. Cancer Chemoprevention: A Strategic Approach Using Phytochemicals. Front. Pharmacol. 2022, 12, 809308. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Sato, S.; Shirakawa, H.; Tomita, S.; Ohsaki, Y.; Haketa, K.; Tooi, O.; Santo, N.; Tohkin, M.; Furukawa, Y.; Gonzalez, F.J.; et al. Low-dose dioxins alter gene expression related to cholesterol biosynthesis, lipogenesis, and glucose metabolism through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated pathway in mouse liver. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2008, 229, 10–19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Korzeniewski, N.; Wheeler, S.; Chatterjee, P.; Duensing, A.; Duensing, S. A novel role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in centrosome amplification—Implications for chemoprevention. Mol. Cancer 2010, 9, 153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yin, J.; Sheng, B.; Qiu, Y.; Yang, K.; Xiao, W.; Yang, H. Role of AhR in positive regulation of cell proliferation and survival. Cell Prolif. 2016, 49, 554–560. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Safe, S.; Lee, S.-O.; Jin, U.-H. Role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in carcinogenesis and potential as a drug target. Toxicol. Sci. 2013, 135, 1–16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Enan, E.; Matsumura, F. Identification of c-Src as the integral component of the cytosolic Ah receptor complex, transducing the signal of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) through the protein phosphorylation pathway. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1996, 52, 1599–1612. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sondermann, N.C.; Faßbender, S.; Hartung, F.; Hätälä, A.M.; Rolfes, K.M.; Vogel, C.F.A.; Haarmann-Stemmann, T. Functions of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) beyond the canonical AHR/ARNT signaling pathway. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2023, 208, 115371. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kimura, A.; Naka, T.; Nakahama, T.; Chinen, I.; Masuda, K.; Nohara, K.; Fujii-Kuriyama, Y.; Kishimoto, T. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in combination with Stat1 regulates LPS-induced inflammatory responses. J. Exp. Med. 2009, 206, 2027–2035. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Akhtar, S.; Hourani, S.; Therachiyil, L.; Al-Dhfyan, A.; Agouni, A.; Zeidan, A.; Uddin, S.; Korashy, H.M. Epigenetic Regulation of Cancer Stem Cells by the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Pathway. Semin. Cancer Biol. 2022, 83, 177–196. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Murray, I.A.; Patterson, A.D.; Perdew, G.H. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor ligands in cancer: Friend and foe. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2014, 14, 801–814. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hammad, M.; Raftari, M.; Cesario, R.; Salma, R.; Godoy, P.; Emami, S.N.; Haghdost, S. Roles of Oxidative Stress and Nrf Signalimg in Pathogenic and Non-Pathogenic Cells: A Possible General Mechanism of Resistance to Therapy. Antioxidants 2023, 12, 1371. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jung, B.-J.; Yoo, H.-S.; Shin, S.; Park, Y.-J.; Jeon, S.-M. Dysregulation of NRF2 in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomol. Ther. 2018, 26, 57–68. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cullinan, S.B.; Diehl, J.A. PERK-dependent activation of Nrf2 contributes to redox homeostasis and cell survival following endoplasmic reticulum stress. J. Biol. Chem. 2004, 279, 20108–20117. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ibrahim, L.; Mesgarzadeh, J.; Xu, I.; Powers, E.T.; Wiseman, R.L.; Bollong, M.J. Defining the Functional Targets of Cap‘n’collar Transcription Factors NRF1, NRF2, and NRF3. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 1025. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Biswas, M.; Chan, J.Y. Role of Nrf1 in antioxidant response element-mediated gene expression and beyond. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2010, 244, 16–20. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kobayashi, A. Roles of NRF3 in the Hallmarks of Cancer: Proteasomal Inactivation of Tumor Suppressors. Cancers 2020, 12, 2681. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Saha, S.; Buttari, B.; Panieri, E.; Profumo, E.; Saso, L. An Overview of Nrf2 Signaling Pathway and Its Role in Inflammation. Molecules 2020, 25, 5474. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hayes, J.D.; McMahon, M.; Chowdhry, S.; Dinkova-Kostova, A.T. Cancer chemoprevention mechanisms mediated through the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 2010, 13, 1713–1748. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Bae, S.H.; Sung, S.H.; Oh, S.Y.; Lim, J.M.; Lee, S.K.; Park, Y.N.; Lee, H.E.; Kang, D.; Rhee, S.G. Sestrins activate Nrf2 by promoting p62-dependent autophagic degradation of Keap1 and prevent oxidative liver damage. Cell Metab. 2013, 17, 73–84. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yin, S.; Cao, W. Toll-Like Receptor Signaling Induces Nrf2 Pathway Activation through P62-Triggered Keap1 Degradation. Mol. Cell Biol. 2015, 35, 2673–2683. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Silva-Islas, C.A.; Maldonado, P.D. Canonical and non-canonical mechanisms of Nrf2 activation. Pharmacol. Res. 2018, 134, 92–99. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ichimura, Y.; Waguri, S.; Sou, Y.; Kageyama, S.; Hasegawa, J.; Ishimura, R.; Saito, T.; Yang, Y.; Kouno, T.; Fukutomi, T.; et al. Phosphorylation of p62 activates the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway during selective autophagy. Mol. Cell 2013, 51, 618–631. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Komatsu, M.; Kurokawa, H.; Waguri, S.; Taguchi, K.; Kobayashi, A.; Ichimura, Y.; Sou, Y.-S.; Ueno, I.; Sakamoto, A.; Tong, K.I.; et al. The selective autophagy substrate p62 activates the stress responsive transcription factor Nrf2 through inactivation of Keap. Nat. Cell Biol. 2010, 12, 213–223. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Goode, A.; Rea, S.; Sultana, M.; Shaw, B.; Searle, M.S.; Layfield, R. ALS-FTLD associated mutations of SQSTM1 impact on Keap1-Nrf2 signalling. Mol. Cell Neurosci. 2016, 76, 52–58. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Riz, I.; Hawley, T.S.; Marsal, J.W.; Hawley, R.G. Noncanonical SQSTM1/p62-Nrf2 pathway activation mediates proteasome inhibitor resistance in multiple myeloma cells via redox, metabolic and translational reprogramming. Oncotarget 2016, 7, 66360–66385. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lau, A.; Wang, X.-J.; Zhao, F.; Villeneuve, N.F.; Wu, T.; Jiang, T.; Sun, Z.; White, E.; Zhang, D.D. A Noncanonical mechanism of Nrf2 activation by autophagy deficiency: Direct interaction between Keap1 and p62. Mol. Cell Biol. 2010, 30, 3275–3285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Guo, Y.; Yu, S.; Zhang, C.; Kong, A.-N.T. Epigenetic regulation of Keap1-Nrf2 signaling. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2015, 88 Pt B, 337–349. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Yamamoto, S.; Inoue, J.; Kawano, T.; Kozaki, K.; Omura, K.; Inazawa, J. The impact of miRNA-based molecular diagnostics and treatment of NRF2-stabilized tumors. Mol. Cancer Res. 2014, 12, 58–68. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Yang, M.; Yao, Y.; Eades, G.; Zhang, Y.; Zhou, Q. MiR-28 regulates Nrf2 expression through a Keap1-independent mechanism. Breast Cancer Res. Treat. 2011, 129, 983–991. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Grishanova, A.Y.; Perepechaeva, M.L. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in Oxidative Stress as a Double Agent and Its Biological and Therapeutic Significance. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 6719. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ma, Q.; Kinneer, K.; Bi, Y.; Chan, J.Y.; Kan, Y.W. Induction of murine NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin requires the CNC (cap ‘n’ collar) basic leucine zipper transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2): Cross-interaction between AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) and Nrf2 signal transduction. Biochem. J. 2004, 377 Pt 1, 205–213. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Dietrich, C. Antioxidant Functions of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Stem Cells Int. 2016, 2016, 7943495. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Edamitsu, T.; Taguchi, K.; Okuyama, R.; Yamamoto, M. AHR and NRF2 in Skin Homeostasis and Atopic Dermatitis. Antioxidants 2022, 11, 227. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chen, P.; Li, B.; Ou-Yang, L. Role of estrogen receptors in health and disease. Front. Endocrinol. 2022, 13, 839005. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Heldring, N.; Pike, A.; Andersson, S.; Matthews, J.; Cheng, G.; Hartman, J.; Tujague, M.; Ström, A.; Treuter, E.; Warner, M.; et al. Estrogen receptors: How do they signal and what are their targets. Physiol. Rev. 2007, 87, 905–931. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Matthews, J.; Gustafsson, J.A. Estrogen signaling: A subtle balance between ER alpha and ER beta. Mol. Interv. 2003, 3, 281–292. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Gosden, J.R.; Middleton, P.G.; Rout, D. Localization of the human oestrogen receptor gene to chromosome 6q24→q27 by in situ hybridization. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 1986, 43, 218–220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Enmark, E.; Pelto-Huikko, M.; Grandien, K.; Lagercrantz, S.; Lagercrantz, J.; Fried, G.; Nordenskjöld, M.; Gustafsson, J.A. Human estrogen receptor beta-gene structure, chromosomal localization, and expression pattern. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 1997, 82, 4258–4265. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Delaunay, F.; Pettersson, K.; Tujague, M.; Gustafsson, J.A. Functional differences between the amino-terminal domains of estrogen receptors alpha and beta. Mol. Pharmacol. 2000, 58, 584–590. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Notas, G.; Kampa, M.; Castanas, E. G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor in Immune Cells and Its Role in Immune-Related Diseases. Front. Endocrinol. 2020, 11, 579420. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shanle, E.K.; Xu, W. Endocrine disrupting chemicals targeting estrogen receptor signaling: Identification and mechanisms of action. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2011, 24, 6–19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Murphy, L.C.; Watson, P.H. Is oestrogen receptor-beta a predictor of endocrine therapy responsiveness in human breast cancer? Endocr. Relat. Cancer 2006, 13, 327–334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Giudice, A.; Barbieri, A.; Bimonte, S.; Cascella, M.; Cuomo, A.; Crispo, A.; D’Arena, G.; Galdiero, M.; Della Pepa, M.E.; Botti, G.; et al. Dissecting the prevention of estrogen-dependent breast carcinogenesis through Nrf2-dependent and independent mechanisms. Onco Targets Ther. 2019, 12, 4937–4953. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wormke, M.; Stoner, M.; Saville, B.; Walker, K.; Abdelrahim, M.; Burghardt, R.; Safe, S. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor mediates degradation of estrogen receptor alpha through activation of proteasomes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 2003, 23, 1843–1855. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Safe, S.; Wormke, M. Inhibitory aryl hydrocarbon receptor-estrogen receptor alpha cross-talk and mechanisms of action. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 2003, 16, 807–816. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Matthews, J.; Gustafsson, J.A. Estrogen receptor and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathways. Nucl. Recept. Signal. 2006, 4, e016. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Thomsen, J.S.; Wang, X.; Hines, R.N.; Safe, S. Restoration of aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) responsiveness in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by transient expression of the estrogen receptor. Carcinogenesis 1994, 15, 933–937. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Beischlag, T.V.; Perdew, G.H. ER alpha-AHR-ARNT protein-protein interactions mediate estradiol-dependent transrepression of dioxin-inducible gene transcription. J. Biol. Chem. 2005, 280, 21607–22111. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Hoivik, D.; Willett, K.; Wilson, C.; Safe, S. Estrogen does not inhibit 2,3,7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-mediated effects in MCF-7 and Hepa 1c1c7 cells. J. Biol. Chem. 1997, 272, 30270–30274. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Swedenborg, E.; Pongratz, I. AhR and ARNT modulate ER signaling. Toxicology 2010, 268, 132–138. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Göttel, M.; Le Corre, L.; Dumont, C.; Schrenk, D.; Chagnon, M.C. Estrogen receptor α and aryl hydrocarbon receptor cross-talk in a transfected hepatoma cell line (HepG2) exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. Toxicol. Rep. 2014, 1, 1029–1036. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Safe, S.; Zhang, L. The Role of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) and Its Ligands in Breast Cancer. Cancers 2022, 14, 5574. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Brown, K.; Theofanous, D.; Britton, R.G.; Aburido, G.; Pepper, C.; Undru, S.S.; Howells, L. Resveratrol for the Management of Human Health: How Far Have We Come? A Systematic Review of Resveratrol Clinical Trials to Highlight Gaps and Opportunities. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2024, 25, 747. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, Q.; Bao, Y. Nanodelivery of natural isothiocyanates as a cancer therapeutic. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2021, 167, 125–140. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cocetta, V.; Quagliariello, V.; Fiorica, F.; Berretta, M.; Montopoli, M. Resveratrol as Chemosensitizer Agent: State of Art and Future Perspectives. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 2049. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Vang, O. Chemopreventive potential of compounds in Cruciferous vegetables. In Carcinogenic and Anticarcinogenic Food Components, 1st ed.; Baer-Dubowska, W., Bartoszek, A., Malejka-Giganti, D., Eds.; CRC Taylor&Francis Group: Boca Raton, FL, USA; London, UK, 2006; pp. 303–328. ISBN 978-0849320965. [Google Scholar]
- Wattenberg, L.W.; Loub, W.D. Inhibition of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-induced neoplasia by naturally occurring indoles. Cancer Res. 1978, 38, 1410–1413. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Licznerska, B.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Indole-3-Carbinol and Its Role in Chronic Diseases. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 2016, 928, 131–154. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Saito, N.; Kanno, Y.; Yamashita, N.; Degawa, M.; Yoshinari, K.; Nemoto, K. The Differential Selectivity of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR) Agonists towards AHR-Dependent Suppression of Mammosphere Formation and Gene Transcription in Human Breast Cancer Cells. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2021, 44, 571–578. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Jellinck, P.H.; Forkert, P.G.; Riddick, D.S.; Okey, A.B.; Michnovicz, J.J.; Bradlow, H.L. Ah receptor binding properties of indole carbinols and induction of hepatic estradiol hydroxylation. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1993, 45, 1129–1136. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leibelt, D.A.; Hedstrom, O.R.; Fischer, K.A.; Pereira, C.B.; Williams, D.E. Evaluation of chronic dietary exposure to indole-3-carbinol and absorption-enhanced 3,3′-diindolylmethane in sprague-dawley rats. Toxicol. Sci. 2003, 74, 10–21. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Stephenson, P.U.; Bonnesen, C.; Bjeldanes, L.F.; Vang, O. Modulation of cytochrome P4501A1 activity by ascorbigen in murine hepatoma cells. Biochem. Pharmacol. 1999, 58, 1145–1153. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Arellano-Gutiérrez, C.V.; Quintas-Granados, L.I.; Cortés, H.; González Del Carmen, M.; Leyva-Gómez, G.; Bustamante-Montes, L.P.; Rodríguez-Morales, M.; López-Reyes, I.; Padilla-Mendoza, J.R.; Rodríguez-Páez, L.; et al. Indole-3-Carbinol, a Phytochemical Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Ligand, Induces the mRNA Overexpression of UBE2L3 and Cell Proliferation Arrest. Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2022, 44, 2054–2068. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- McMahon, M.; Itoh, K.; Yamamoto, M.; Chanas, S.A.; Henderson, C.J.; McLellan, L.I.; Wolf, C.R.; Cavin, C.; Hayes, J.D. The Cap‘n’Collar basic leucine zipper transcription factor Nrf2 (NF-E2 p45-related factor 2) controls both constitutive and inducible expression of intestinal detoxification and glutathione biosynthetic enzymes. Cancer Res. 2001, 61, 3299–3307. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Szaefer, H.; Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Licznerska, B.; Bartoszek, A.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Cabbage Juices and Indoles Modulate the Expression Profile of AhR, ERα, and Nrf2 in Human Breast Cell Lines. Nutr. Cancer 2015, 67, 1342–1354. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Williams, D.E. Indoles Derived From Glucobrassicin: Cancer Chemoprevention by Indole-3-Carbinol and 3,3′-Diindolylmethane. Front. Nutr. 2021, 8, 734334. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Meng, Q.; Yuan, F.; Goldberg, I.D.; Rosen, E.M.; Auborn, K.; Fan, S. Indole-3-carbinol is a negative regulator of estrogen receptor-alpha signaling in human tumor cells. J. Nutr. 2000, 130, 2927–2931. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Sundar, S.N.; Kerekatte, V.; Equinozio, C.N.; Doan, V.B.; Bjeldanes, L.F.; Firestone, G.L. Indole-3-carbinol selectively uncouples expression and activity of estrogen receptor subtypes in human breast cancer cells. Mol. Endocrinol. 2006, 20, 3070–3082. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Marconett, C.N.; Sundar, S.N.; Poindexter, K.M.; Stueve, T.R.; Bjeldanes, L.F.; Firestone, G.L. Indole-3-carbinol triggers aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent estrogen receptor (ER)alpha protein degradation in breast cancer cells disrupting an ERalpha-GATA3 transcriptional cross-regulatory loop. Mol. Biol. Cell. 2010, 21, 1166–1177. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Okino, S.T.; Pookot, D.; Basak, S.; Dahiya, R. Toxic and chemopreventive ligands preferentially activate distinct aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways: Implications for cancer prevention. Cancer Prev. Res. 2009, 2, 251–256. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Leong, H.; Firestone, G.L.; Bjeldanes, L.F. Cytostatic effects of 3,3′-diindolylmethane in human endometrial cancer cells result from an estrogen receptor-mediated increase in transforming growth factor-alpha expression. Carcinogenesis 2001, 22, 1809–1817. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Riby, J.E.; Chang, G.H.; Firestone, G.L.; Bjeldanes, L.F. Ligand-independent activation of estrogen receptor function by 3, 3′-diindolylmethane in human breast cancer cells. Biochem. Pharmacol. 2000, 60, 167–177. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ohtake, F.; Takeyama, K.; Matsumoto, T.; Kitagawa, H.; Yamamoto, Y.; Nohara, K.; Tohyama, C.; Krust, A.; Mimura, J.; Chambon, P.; et al. Modulation of oestrogen receptor signalling by association with the activated dioxin receptor. Nature 2003, 423, 545–550. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hayes, C.L.; Spink, D.C.; Spink, B.C.; Cao, J.Q.; Walker, N.J.; Sutter, T.R. 17 beta-estradiol hydroxylation catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 1B1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1996, 93, 9776–9781. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Lord, R.S.; Bongiovanni, B.; Bralley, J.A. Estrogen metabolism and the diet-cancer connection: Rationale for assessing the ratio of urinary hydroxylated estrogen metabolites. Altern. Med. Rev. 2002, 7, 112–129. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Szaefer, H.; Licznerska, B.; Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Bartoszek, A.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Modulation of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 expression by cabbage juices and indoles in human breast cell lines. Nutr. Cancer 2012, 64, 879–888. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Wong, D.C.; Fong, W.P.; Lee, S.S.; Kong, Y.C.; Cheng, K.F.; Stone, G. Induction of estradiol-2-hydroxylase and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase by 3-substituted indole compounds. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 1998, 362, 87–93. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Huber, J.C.; Schneeberger, C.; Tempfer, C.B. Genetic modeling of estrogen metabolism as a risk factor of hormone-dependent disorders. Maturitas 2002, 41 (Suppl. 1), S55–S64. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Narasimhan, S.; Stanford Zulick, E.; Novikov, O.; Parks, A.J.; Schlezinger, J.J.; Wang, Z.; Laroche, F.; Feng, H.; Mulas, F.; Monti, S.; et al. Towards Resolving the Pro- and Anti-Tumor Effects of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 1388. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hong, C.; Kim, H.-A.; Firestone, G.L.; Bjeldanes, L.F. 3,3′-Diindolylmethane (DIM) induces a G(1) cell cycle arrest in human breast cancer cells that is accompanied by Sp1-mediated activation of p21(WAF1/CIP1) expression. Carcinogenesis 2002, 23, 1297–1305. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Abdelrahim, M.; Newman, K.; Vanderlaag, K.; Samudio, I.; Safe, S. 3,3′-diindolylmethane (DIM) and its derivatives induce apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress-dependent upregulation of DR5. Carcinogenesis 2006, 27, 717–728. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Shilpa, G.; Lakshmi, S.; Jamsheena, V.; Lankalapalli, R.S.; Prakash, V.; Anbumani, S.; Priya, S. Studies on the mode of action of synthetic diindolylmethane derivatives against triple negative breast cancer cells. Basic Clin. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 2022, 131, 224–240. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wu, T.Y.; Khor, T.O.; Su, Z.Y.; Saw, C.L.; Shu, L.; Cheung, K.L.; Huang, Y.; Yu, S.; Kong, A.N. Epigenetic modifications of Nrf2 by 3,3′-diindolylmethane in vitro in TRAMP C1 cell line and in vivo TRAMP prostate tumors. AAPS J. 2013, 15, 864–874. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Olavanju, J.B.; Bozic, D.; Naidoo, U.; Sadik, O.A. A Comparative Review of Key Isothiocyanates and Their Health Benefits. Nutrients 2024, 16, 757. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Ahn, Y.H.; Hwang, Y.; Liu, H.; Wang, X.J.; Zhang, Y.; Stephenson, K.K.; Boronina, T.N.; Cole, R.N.; Dinkova-Kostova, A.T.; Talalay, P.; et al. Electrophilic tuning of the chemoprotective natural product sulforaphane. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 2010, 107, 9590–9595. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Szaefer, H.; Bartoszek, A.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Modulation of rat hepatic and kidney phase II enzymes by cabbage juices: Comparison with the effects of indole-3-carbinol and phenethyl isothiocyanate. Br. J. Nutr. 2011, 105, 816–826. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Paluszczak, J.; Szaefer, H.; Baer-Dubowska, W. The activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway in HepG2 hepatoma cells by phytochemicals and subsequent modulation of phase II and antioxidant enzyme expression. J. Physiol. Biochem. 2015, 71, 227–238. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Ernst, I.M.; Wagner, A.E.; Schuemann, C.; Storm, N.; Höppner, W.; Döring, F.; Stocker, A.; Rimbach, G. Allyl-, butyl- and phenylethyl-isothiocyanate activate Nrf2 in cultured fibroblasts. Pharmacol. Res. 2011, 63, 233–240. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chen, L.; Fan, D.; Guo, F.; Deng, J.; Fu, L. The Effect of Moringa Isothiocyanate-1 on Renal Damage in Diabetic Nephropathy. Iran J. Kidney Dis. 2023, 17, 245–254. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Licznerska, B.; Szaefer, H.; Krajka-Kuźniak, V. R-sulforaphane modulates the expression profile of AhR, ERα, Nrf2, NQO1, and GSTP in human breast cell lines. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2021, 476, 525–533. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Licznerska, B.; Szaefer, H.; Matuszak, I.; Murias, M.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Modulating potential of L-sulforaphane in the expression of cytochrome p450 to identify potential targets for breast cancer chemoprevention and therapy using breast cell lines. Phytother. Res. 2015, 29, 93–99. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Paolini, M.; Perocco, P.; Canistro, D.; Valgimigli, L.; Pedulli, G.F.; Iori, R.; Croce, C.D.; Cantelli-Forti, G.; Legator, M.S.; Abdel-Rahman, S.Z. Induction of cytochrome P450, generation of oxidative stress and in vitro cell-transforming and DNA-damaging activities by glucoraphanin, the bioprecursor of the chemopreventive agent sulforaphane found in broccoli. Carcinogenesis 2004, 25, 61–67. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kalpana Deepa Priya, D.; Gayathri, R.; Sakthisekaran, D. Role of sulforaphane in the anti-initiating mechanism of lung carcinogenesis in vivo by modulating the metabolic activation and detoxification of benzo(a)pyrene. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2011, 65, 9–16. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Jang, M.; Cai, L.; Udeani, G.O.; Slowing, K.V.; Thomas, C.F.; Beecher, C.W.; Fong, H.H.; Farnsworth, N.R.; Kinghorn, A.D.; Mehta, R.G.; et al. Cancer chemopreventive activity of resveratrol, a natural product derived from grapes. Science 1997, 275, 218–220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kundu, J.K.; Surh, Y.J. Cancer chemopreventive and therapeutic potential of resveratrol: Mechanistic perspectives. Cancer Lett. 2008, 269, 243–261. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Whitlock, N.C.; Baek, S.J. The anticancer effects of resveratrol: Modulation of transcription factors. Nutr. Cancer 2012, 64, 493–502. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Perdew, G.H.; Hollingshead, B.D.; Dinatale, B.C.; Morales, J.L.; Labrecque, M.P.; Takhar, M.K.; Tam, K.J.; Beischlag, T.V. Estrogen receptor expression is required for low-dose resveratrol-mediated repression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 2010, 335, 273–283. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Macpherson, L.; Matthews, J. Inhibition of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent transcription by resveratrol or kaempferol is independent of estrogen receptor α expression in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2010, 299, 119–129. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Cheng, M.; Michalski, S.; Kommagani, R. Role for Growth Regulation by Estrogen in Breast Cancer 1 (GREB1) in Hormone-Dependent Cancers. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2018, 19, 2543. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Amaya, S.C.; Savaris, R.F.; Filipovic, C.J.; Wise, J.D.; Hestermann, E.; Young, S.L.; Lessey, B.A. Resveratrol and endometrium: A closer look at an active ingredient of red wine using in vivo and in vitro models. Reprod. Sci. 2014, 21, 1362–1369. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Griffiths, A.L.; Schroeder, J.C. Effects of resveratrol on AhR activity in cells treated with benzo[a]pyrene or indygo. Ga. J. Sci. 2017, 75, 44. Available online: https://digitalcommons.gaacademy.org/gjs/vol75/iss1/44 (accessed on 20 July 2024).
- Corre, S.; Tardif, N.; Mouchet, N.; Leclair, H.M.; Boussemart, L.; Gautron, A.; Bachelot, L.; Perrot, A.; Soshilov, A.; Rogiers, A.; et al. Sustained activation of the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor transcription factor promotes resistance to BRAF-inhibitors in melanoma. Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 4775. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Li, J.; Chong, T.; Wang, Z.; Chen, H.; Li, H.; Cao, J.; Zhang, P.; Li, H. A novel anti-cancer effect of resveratrol: Reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition in prostate cancer cells. Mol. Med. Rep. 2014, 10, 1717–1724. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Xu, J.; Liu, D.; Niu, H.; Zhu, G.; Xu, Y.; Ye, D.; Li, J.; Zhang, Q. Resveratrol reverses Doxorubicin resistance by inhibiting epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) through modulating PTEN/Akt signaling pathway in gastric cancer. J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res. 2017, 36, 19. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Rubiolo, J.A.; Mithieu, G.; Vega, F.V. Resveratrol protects primary rat hepatocytes against oxidative stress damage: Activation of the Nrf2 transcription factor and augmented activities of antioxidant enzymes. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 2008, 591, 66–72. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Hsieh, T.-C.; Lu, X.; Wang, Z.; Wu, J.M. Induction of quinone reductase NQO1 by resveratrol in human K562 cells involves the antioxidant response element ARE and is accompanied by nuclear translocation of transcription factor Nrf2. Med. Chem. 2006, 2, 275–285. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Zhang, H.; Shih, A.; Rinna, A.; Forman, H.J. Exacerbation of tobacco smoke mediated apoptosis by resveratrol: An unexpected consequence of its antioxidant action. Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 2011, 43, 1059–1064. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Kode, A.; Rajendrasozhan, S.; Caito, S.; Yang, S.-R.; Megson, I.L.; Rahman, I. Resveratrol induces glutathione synthesis by activation of Nrf2 and protects against cigarette smoke-mediated oxidative stress in human lung epithelial cells. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell. Mol. Physiol. 2008, 294, L478–L488. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lu, F.; Zahid, M.; Wang, C.; Saeed, M.; Cavalieri, E.L.; Rogan, E.G. Resveratrol prevents estrogen-DNA adduct formation and neoplastic transformation in MCF-10F cells. Cancer Prev. Res. 2008, 1, 135–145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Zahid, M.; Gaikwad, N.W.; Ali, M.F.; Lu, F.; Saeed, M.; Yang, L.; Rogan, E.G.; Cavalieri, E.L. Prevention of estrogen-DNA adduct formation in MCF-10F cells by resveratrol. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 2008, 45, 136–145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cykowiak, M.; Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Kleszcz, R.; Kucińska, M.; Szaefer, H.; Piotrowska-Kempisty, H.; Plewiński, A.; Murias, M.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Comparison of the Impact of Xanthohumol and Phenethyl Isothiocyanate and Their Combination on Nrf2 and NF-κB Pathways in HepG2 Cells In Vitro and Tumor Burden In Vivo. Nutrients 2021, 13, 3000. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Cykowiak, M.; Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Combinations of Phytochemicals More Efficiently than Single Components Activate Nrf2 and Induce the Expression of Antioxidant Enzymes in Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Nutr. Cancer 2022, 74, 996–1011. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kawai, Y.; Garduño, L.; Theodore, M.; Yang, J.; Arinze, I.J. Acetylation-deacetylation of the transcription factor Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) regulates its transcriptional activity and nucleocytoplasmic localization. J. Biol. Chem. 2011, 286, 7629–7640. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Khan, H.Y.; Zubair, H.; Ullah, M.F.; Ahmad, A.; Hadi, S.M. A prooxidant mechanism for the anticancer and chemopreventive properties of plant polyphenols. Curr. Drug Targets 2012, 13, 1738–1749. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Baylin, S.B.; Jones, P.A. A decade of exploring the cancer epigenome—Biological and translational implications. Nat. Rev. Cancer 2011, 11, 726–734. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Singh, B.; Shoulson, R.; Chatterjee, A.; Ronghe, A.; Bhat, N.K.; Dim, D.C.; Bhat, H.K. Resveratrol inhibits estrogen-induced breast carcinogenesis through induction of NRF2-mediated protective pathways. Carcinogenesis 2014, 35, 1872–1880. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Papoutsis, A.J.; Lamore, S.D.; Wondrak, G.T.; Selmin, O.I.; Romagnolo, D.F. Resveratrol prevents epigenetic silencing of BRCA-1 by the aromatic hydrocarbon receptor in human breast cancer cells. J. Nutr. 2010, 140, 1607–1614. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mikstacka, R.; Przybylska, D.; Rimando, A.M.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Inhibition of human recombinant cytochromes P450 CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 by trans-resveratrol methyl ethers. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2007, 51, 517–524. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Teng, W.L.; Huang, P.-H.; Wang, H.-C.; Tseng, C.-H.; Yen, F.-L. Pterostilbene Attenuates Particulate Matter-Induced Oxidative Stress, Inflammation and Aging in Keratinocytes. Antioxidants 2021, 10, 1552. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Xu, C.; Song, Y.; Wang, Z.; Jiang, J.; Piao, Y.; Li, L.; Jin, S.; Li, L.; Zhu, L.; Yan, G. Pterostilbene suppresses oxidative stress and allergic airway inflammation through AMPK/Sirt1 and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Immun. Inflamm. Dis. 2021, 9, 1406–1417. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Chang, C.-H.; Lien, Y.-T.; Lin, W.-S.; Nagabhushanam, K.; Ho, C.-T.; Pan, M.-H. Protective Effects of Piceatannol on DNA Damage in Benzo[ a]pyrene-Induced Human Colon Epithelial Cells. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2023, 71, 7370–7381. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Maggiolini, M.; Recchia, A.G.; Bonofiglio, D.; Catalano, S.; Vivacqua, A.; Carpino, A.; Rago, V.; Rossi, R.; Andò, S. The red wine phenolics piceatannol and myricetin act as agonists for estrogen receptor alpha in human breast cancer cells. J. Mol. Endocrinol. 2005, 35, 269–281. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Wang, Y.; Ye, L.; Leung, L.K. A positive feedback pathway of estrogen biosynthesis in breast cancer cells is contained by resveratrol. Toxicology 2008, 248, 130–135. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kapetanovic, I.M.; Muzzio, M.; Huang, Z.; Thompson, T.N.; Mccormick, D.L. Pharmacokinetics, oral bioavailability, and metabolic profile of resveratrol and its dimethylether analog, pterostilbene, in rats. Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol. 2011, 68, 593–601. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Tsai, H.Y.; Ho, C.T.; Chen, Y.K. Biological actions and molecular effects of resveratrol, pterostilbene, and 3′-hydroxypterostilbene. J. Food Drug Anal. 2017, 25, 134–147. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Walle, T. Methylation of dietary flavones increases their metabolic stability and chemopreventive effects. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2009, 10, 5002–5019. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Chun, Y.J.; Kim, S.; Kim, D.; Lee, S.K.; Guengerich, F.P. A new selective and potent inhibitor of human cytochrome P450 1B1 and its application to antimutagenesis. Cancer Res. 2001, 61, 8164–8170. [Google Scholar] [PubMed]
- Chun, Y.J.; Lee, S.K.; Kim, M.Y. Modulation of human cytochrome P450 1B1 expression by 2,4,3′,5′-tetramethoxystilbene. Drug Metab. Dispos. 2005, 33, 1771–1776. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mahadevan, B.; Luch, A.; Atkin, J.; Haynes, M.; Nguyen, T.; Baird, W.M. Inhibition of human cytochrome p450 1b1 further clarifies its role in the activation of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene in cells in culture. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 2007, 21, 101–109. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Park, H.; Aiyar, S.F.; Fan, P.; Wang, J.; Yue, W.; Okouneva, T.; Cox, C.; Jordan, M.A.; Demers, L.; Cho, H.; et al. Effects of tetramethoxystilbene on hormone-resistant breast cancer cells: Biological and biochemical mechanisms of action. Cancer Res. 2007, 67, 5717–5726. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- van den Brand, A.D.; Villevoye, J.; Nijmeijer, S.M.; van den Berg, M.; van Duursen, M.B.M. Anti-tumor properties of methoxylated analogues of resveratrol in malignant MCF-7 but not in non-tumorigenic MCF-10A mammary epithelial cell lines. Toxicology 2019, 422, 35–43. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pastorková, B.; Vrzalová, A.; Bachleda, P.; Dvořák, Z. Hydroxystilbenes and methoxystilbenes activate human aryl hydrocarbon receptor and induce CYP1A genes in human hepatoma cells and human hepatocytes. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2017, 103, 122–132. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Piotrowska-Kempisty, H.; Klupczyńska, A.; Trzybulska, D.; Kulcenty, K.; Sulej-Suchomska, A.M.; Kucińska, M.; Mikstacka, R.; Wierzchowski, M.; Murias, M.; Baer-Dubowska, W.; et al. Role of CYP1A1 in the biological activity of methylated resveratrol analogue, 3,4,5,4′-tetramethoxystilbene (DMU-212) in ovarian cancer A-2780 and non-cancerous HOSE cells. Toxicol. Lett. 2017, 267, 59–66. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Mikstacka, R.; Wierzchowski, M.; Dutkiewicz, Z.; Gielara-Korzańska, A.; Korzański, A.; Teubert, A.; Sobiak, S.; Baer-Dubowska, W. 3,4,2′-Trimethoxy-transstilbene—A potent Cyp1B1 inhibitor. Med. Chem. Commun. 2014, 5, 496. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Licznerska, B.; Szaefer, H.; Wierzchowski, M.; Sobierajska, H.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Resveratrol and its methoxy derivatives modulate the expression of estrogen metabolism enzymes in breast epithelial cells by AhR down-regulation. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2017, 425, 169–179. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Licznerska, B.; Szaefer, H.; Wierzchowski, M.; Mikstacka, R.; Papierska, K.; Baer-Dubowska, W. Evaluation of the effect of the new methoxy-stilbenes on expression of receptors and enzymes involved in estrogen synthesis in cancer breast cells. Mol. Cell. Biochem. 2018, 444, 53–62. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Mikstacka, R.; Baer-Dubowska, W.; Wieczorek, M.; Sobiak, S. Thiomethylstilbenes as inhibitors of CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1 activities. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2008, 52 (Suppl. 1), S77–S83. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Krajka-Kuźniak, V.; Szaefer, H.; Stefański, T.; Sobiak, S.; Cichocki, M.; Baer-Dubowska, W. The effect of resveratrol and its methylthio-derivatives on the Nrf2-ARE pathway in mouse epidermis and HaCaT keratinocytes. Cell. Mol. Biol. Lett. 2014, 19, 500–516. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Lo, R.; Matthews, J. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor and estrogen receptor alpha differentially modulate nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 transactivation in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 2013, 270, 139–148. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
Compound | AhR | Nrf2 | ER |
---|---|---|---|
I3C |
|
|
|
| |||
DIM |
|
|
|
| |||
ITCs |
|
|
|
| |||
Resveratrol |
|
|
|
| |||
Naturally occurring analogs of resveratrol |
|
|
|
Synthetic analogs of resveratrol |
|
|
|
| |||
|
Disclaimer/Publisher’s Note: The statements, opinions and data contained in all publications are solely those of the individual author(s) and contributor(s) and not of MDPI and/or the editor(s). MDPI and/or the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to people or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content. |
© 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Szaefer, H.; Licznerska, B.; Baer-Dubowska, W. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Crosstalk: A Chemopreventive Target of Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals. Molecules 2024, 29, 4283. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184283
Szaefer H, Licznerska B, Baer-Dubowska W. The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Crosstalk: A Chemopreventive Target of Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals. Molecules. 2024; 29(18):4283. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184283
Chicago/Turabian StyleSzaefer, Hanna, Barbara Licznerska, and Wanda Baer-Dubowska. 2024. "The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Its Crosstalk: A Chemopreventive Target of Naturally Occurring and Modified Phytochemicals" Molecules 29, no. 18: 4283. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184283