MgO Nanoparticles as a Promising Photocatalyst towards Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Degradation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characterization of MgO Powder
2.1.1. XRD Analysis
2.1.2. FT-IR Analysis
2.1.3. N2-Sorption Analysis
2.1.4. XPS Analysis
2.1.5. TGA Analysis
2.1.6. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) Analysis
2.1.7. Diffuse Reflectance UV–Vis Spectroscopy (DRS) Analysis
2.1.8. FESEM Analysis
2.2. Photocatalytic Study of MgO Powder
2.2.1. Study of the Photocatalytic Effectiveness towards Rhodamine B (RhB) Degradation
Study of RhB’s Photocatalytic Degradation Kinetics
Mechanism Study
Reusability Study
2.2.2. Study of the Photocatalytic Effectiveness towards Rhodamine 6G (R6G) Degradation
Study of R6G’s Photocatalytic Degradation Kinetics
Mechanism Study
Reusability Study
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Synthesis of MgO Powder
4.2. Characterization of MgO Nanopowder
4.3. Photocatalytic Efficiency Study of MgO Nanopowder
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Synthetic Approach | Average Crystallite Size (nm) | Specific Surface Area (m2/g) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Sol–gel | 12–13 | - | [42] |
Microwave-assisted sol–gel | 9.5–10.5 | 243.2 | [43] |
Ultrasonic-assisted sol–gel | 19.2 | - | [44] |
Modified thermal/sol–gel | 23.6 | 257.3 | [45] |
Solid-state chemical | 10.5 | 213 | [40] |
Microwave irradiation | 16 | 70 | [46] |
Precipitation | 25 | 216.9 | [47] |
Sample ID | Crystal Lattice Index (a = b = c) | Average Crystallite Size (D, nm) * | FWHM | CI (%) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
a | b | c | ||||
MgO | 4.2194 | 4.2194 | 4.2194 | 3.23 | 0.4562 | 80.49 |
Bragg’s Angle | dhkl (Å) | dhkl (nm) | hkl | |
---|---|---|---|---|
2θ | θ | |||
36.85 | 18.43 | 2.4372 | 0.2437 | 111 |
42.83 | 21.42 | 2.1097 | 0.2110 | 200 |
61.20 | 30.60 | 1.5132 | 0.1513 | 220 |
74.58 | 37.29 | 1.2714 | 0.1271 | 311 |
78.51 | 39.26 | 1.2173 | 0.1217 | 222 |
Sample ID | BET Surface Area (m2/g) | Micropore Surface Area (m2/g) | Cumulative Pore Volume (cm3/g) | Average Pore Diameter (nm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
MgO | 52 | 2 | 0.3 | 21 |
Sample ID | Hydrodynamic Diameter (Dh) (nm) | Zeta Potential (mV) | PDI |
---|---|---|---|
MgO | 27.11 ± 0.93 | −50.8 ± 0.6 | 0.197 ± 0.093 |
Sample ID | Pseudo-First-Order Kinetic Model | Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetic Model | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
k1 (min−1) | R2 | k2 (g/mg·min) | R2 | |
MgO (visible) | 0.002 | 0.974 | 10.747 | 0.778 |
MgO (UV) | 0.012 | 0.982 | 5.545 | 0.906 |
Sample ID | Pseudo-First-Order Kinetic Model | Pseudo-Second-Order Kinetic Model | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
k1 (min−1) | R2 | k2 (g/mg·min) | R2 | |
MgO (visible) | 0.002 | 0.969 | 1.772 | 0.911 |
MgO (UV) | 0.014 | 0.981 | 0.756 | 0.907 |
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Gatou, M.-A.; Bovali, N.; Lagopati, N.; Pavlatou, E.A. MgO Nanoparticles as a Promising Photocatalyst towards Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Degradation. Molecules 2024, 29, 4299. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184299
Gatou M-A, Bovali N, Lagopati N, Pavlatou EA. MgO Nanoparticles as a Promising Photocatalyst towards Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Degradation. Molecules. 2024; 29(18):4299. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184299
Chicago/Turabian StyleGatou, Maria-Anna, Natalia Bovali, Nefeli Lagopati, and Evangelia A. Pavlatou. 2024. "MgO Nanoparticles as a Promising Photocatalyst towards Rhodamine B and Rhodamine 6G Degradation" Molecules 29, no. 18: 4299. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29184299