HLA-B*44 and C*01 Prevalence Correlates with Covid19 Spreading across Italy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
Correlation between HLA-A, B, and C Allele Frequency and COVID-19 Incidence in Italian Provinces
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Data source and Population Sample
4.2. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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COVID-19 | A*25 | B*08 | B*14 | B*18 | B*44 | B*49 | B*51 | B*15:01 | C*01 | C*03 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COVID-19 † | 1.0000 | ||||||||||
A*25 | 0.6446 | 1.0000 | |||||||||
p < 0.0001 | |||||||||||
B*08 | 0.6969 | 0.7196 | 1.0000 | ||||||||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||||||||
B*14 | −0.5133 | −0.4193 | −0.5617 | 1.0000 | |||||||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||||||||
B*18 | −0.4704 | −0.4573 | −0.6161 | 0.6053 | 1.0000 | ||||||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||||||
B*44 | 0.6438 | 0.5555 | 0.6865 | −0.5512 | −0.7056 | 1.0000 | |||||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||||||
B*49 | −0.5920 | −0.6280 | −0.7144 | 0.5331 | 0.3019 | −0.5715 | 1.0000 | ||||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.0033 | p < 0.0001 | ||||||
B*51 | 0.5036 | 0.5478 | 0.6196 | −0.4405 | −0.4851 | 0.4296 | −0.5702 | 1.0000 | |||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||||
B*15:01 | 0.6060 | 0.5780 | 0.6826 | −0.6238 | −0.5760 | 0.6092 | −0.6247 | 0.5695 | 1.0000 | ||
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | ||||
C*01 | 0.6316 | 0.6367 | 0.6196 | −0.3433 | −0.2754 | 0.3501 | −0.6037 | 0.6752 | 0.4997 | 1.0000 | |
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p = 0.0008 | p = 0.0075 | p = 0.0006 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | |||
C*03 | 0.5011 | 0.4817 | 0.5527 | −0.5509 | −0.5378 | 0.4638 | −0.5607 | 0.4817 | 0.7834 | 0.4396 | 1.0000 |
p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 | p < 0.0001 |
COVID-19 | Regression Coefficient | Adjusted Growth Rate † | (95% CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
A*25 | 0.2908 | 1.34 | (0.86–2.08) | n.s |
B*08 | 0.0804 | 1.08 | (0.90–1.30) | n.s |
B*14 | 0.0805 | 1.08 | (0.88–1.33) | n.s |
B*18 | 0.0492 | 1.05 | (0.94–1.17) | n.s |
B*44 | 0.1484 | 1.16 | (1.00–1.35) | 0.050 |
B*49 | 0.1431 | 1.15 | (0.93–1.43) | n.s |
B*51 | −0.0174 | 0.98 | (0.89–1.08) | n.s |
B*15:01 | −0.0305 | 0.97 | (0.73–1.29) | n.s |
C*01 | 0.1747 | 1.19 | (1.01–1.41) | 0.042 |
C*03 | −0.0530 | 0.95 | (0.78–1.15) | n.s |
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Correale, P.; Mutti, L.; Pentimalli, F.; Baglio, G.; Saladino, R.E.; Sileri, P.; Giordano, A. HLA-B*44 and C*01 Prevalence Correlates with Covid19 Spreading across Italy. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 5205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155205
Correale P, Mutti L, Pentimalli F, Baglio G, Saladino RE, Sileri P, Giordano A. HLA-B*44 and C*01 Prevalence Correlates with Covid19 Spreading across Italy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(15):5205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155205
Chicago/Turabian StyleCorreale, Pierpaolo, Luciano Mutti, Francesca Pentimalli, Giovanni Baglio, Rita Emilena Saladino, Pierpaolo Sileri, and Antonio Giordano. 2020. "HLA-B*44 and C*01 Prevalence Correlates with Covid19 Spreading across Italy" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15: 5205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155205
APA StyleCorreale, P., Mutti, L., Pentimalli, F., Baglio, G., Saladino, R. E., Sileri, P., & Giordano, A. (2020). HLA-B*44 and C*01 Prevalence Correlates with Covid19 Spreading across Italy. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(15), 5205. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155205