Prion Protein at the Leading Edge: Its Role in Cell Motility
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Prion Protein in Dynamic Cell Movement
3. Cellular Prion Protein in Cancer Cell Motility
4. Perspectives and Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Types of tumor | PrPC function in tumor cell motility |
Colorectal | PrPC interacts with STI-1 to activate ERK1/2 and modulate migration and invasion [93] |
PrPC interacts with laminin to activate MAPK pathway and induce EMT [117] | |
PrPC modulates E-cadherin and N-cadherin, as well as translocation of β-catenin to induce EMT [116] | |
PrPC has metastatic potential by triggering Fyn-SP1-SATB1 pathway [116] | |
Colon | PrPC is involved in the cell adhesion to fibronectin and collagen to the ECM [118] |
PrPC modulates E-cadherin and N-cadherin, as well as translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus, inducing EMT [116] | |
PrPC has metastatic potential by triggering Fyn-SP1-SATB1 pathway [116] | |
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma | Pro-PrPC retains a GPI-anchor peptide signal sequence that crosses the plasma membrane [119,120,121] |
Pro-PrPC interacts with Notch1 stimulating cell growth and invasion [119] | |
Pro-PrPC interacts with FLNa affecting cell motility [119,120,121] | |
Melanoma | Pro-PrPC retains a GPI-anchor peptide signal sequence that crosses the plasma membrane [122] |
In FLNa deficient cells, PRNP expression affects cell migration [122] | |
PrPC modulates actin polymerization trough AKT and HSP27 [122] | |
Gastric | PrPC contributes to cell adhesion [123] |
Through ERK1/2, PrPC modulates invasion and mRNA and protein levels of MMP11 [123] | |
Invasive lung adenocarcinoma | PrPC is expressed in invasive tumors, but not in in situ tumors [90] |
Enhanced PrPC expression in lamellipodia [90] | |
PrPC modulates Rac1 expression and cell migration [90] | |
PrPC modulates JNK pathways and induces cell motility [90] | |
Together with NFIL3, PrPC acts towards cancer cell migration [90] | |
Breast | PrPC overexpression intensifies cell migration and invasiveness [124] |
At higher expression PrPC upregulates MMP9 protein and mRNA levels through NF-kB and ERK pathways, contributing to cell motility [124] | |
Together with CD44, PrPC is involved in cell migration mechanisms through the proteins EGFR, CD147, MMP2 and MMP9 [125] | |
Glioblastoma multiforme | PrPC modulates recruitment of E-cadherin to the plasma membrane of GSCs [31] |
PrPC modulates subcellular localization of β-catenin [31] | |
Changes in PrPC expression affects cell migration on laminin as well as integrin α6 expression [31] |
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Prado, M.B.; Melo Escobar, M.I.; Alves, R.N.; Coelho, B.P.; Fernandes, C.F.d.L.; Boccacino, J.M.; Iglesia, R.P.; Lopes, M.H. Prion Protein at the Leading Edge: Its Role in Cell Motility. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 6677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186677
Prado MB, Melo Escobar MI, Alves RN, Coelho BP, Fernandes CFdL, Boccacino JM, Iglesia RP, Lopes MH. Prion Protein at the Leading Edge: Its Role in Cell Motility. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(18):6677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186677
Chicago/Turabian StylePrado, Mariana Brandão, Maria Isabel Melo Escobar, Rodrigo Nunes Alves, Bárbara Paranhos Coelho, Camila Felix de Lima Fernandes, Jacqueline Marcia Boccacino, Rebeca Piatniczka Iglesia, and Marilene Hohmuth Lopes. 2020. "Prion Protein at the Leading Edge: Its Role in Cell Motility" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 18: 6677. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21186677