Expression of Main Toll-Like Receptors in Patients with Different Types of Colorectal Polyps and Their Relationship with Gut Microbiota
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Characteristics of Study Groups
2.2. Expression of TLRs in HP, SSA, TA, VP/TVP, and Normal Controls
2.3. Bacterial Diversity across Different Types of Colon Polyps
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Sample Collection and Storage
4.2. RNA Extraction from Colon-Derived Tissues
4.3. DNA Extraction from Fecal Specimens
4.4. TLR mRNA Expression Levels in Extracted RNA from Colonic Tissues
4.5. Quantification of Bacterial Species by 16SrRNA in Extracted DNA from Fecal Samples
4.6. Statistical Analysis
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
TLRs | Toll-like receptors |
HP | hyperplastic polyp |
SSA | sessile serrated adenoma |
TA | tubular adenoma |
VP/TVP | villous/tubulovillous polyp |
ETBF | Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis |
CRC | colorectal cancer |
RQ | relative expression |
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Variable | Normal | HP | SSA | VP/TVP | TA | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N (%) | 31 (26.3) | 21 (17.8) | 16 (13.6) | 21 (17.8) | 29 (24.6) | ---- |
Age, mean (SD) | 59.84 (17.0) | 60.19 (15.2) | 62.25 (14.3) | 57.33 (12.7) | 58.03 (12.7) | 0.849 a |
Gender, N (%) | 0.242 b | |||||
Female | 14 (45.2) | 5 (23.8) | 4 (25.0) | 10 (47.6) | 14 (48.3) | |
Male | 17 (54.8) | 16 (76.2) | 12 (75.0) | 11 (52.4) | 15 (51.7) | |
Family history, N (%) | <0.001 c,** | |||||
No | 31 (100.0) | 20 (95.2) | 16 (100.0) | 13 (61.9) | 22 (75.9) | |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 8 (38.1) | 7 (24.1) | |
Diabetes mellitus history, N (%) | 0.657 c | |||||
No | 29 (93.5) | 18 (85.7) | 14 (87.5) | 17 (81.0) | 24 (82.8) | |
Yes | 2 (6.5) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (12.5) | 4 (19.0) | 5 (17.2) | |
Smoking, N (%) | 0.006 c,* | |||||
No | 24 (77.4) | 13 (61.9) | 10 (62.5) | 21 (100.0) | 25 (86.2) | |
Yes | 7 (22.6) | 8 (38.1) | 6 (37.5) | 0 (0.0.) | 4 (13.8) | |
Physical activity, N (%) | 0.374 b | |||||
Low | 21 (67.7) | 13 (61.9) | 8 (50.0) | 17 (81.0) | 20 (69.0) | |
High | 10 (32.3) | 8 (38.1) | 8 (50.0) | 4 (19.0) | 9 (31.0) | |
GI diseases history, N (%) | 0.249 c | |||||
No | 7 (22.6) | 3 (14.3) | 2 (12.5) | 8 (38.1) | 4 (13.8) | |
Yes | 24 (77.4) | 18 (85.7) | 14 (87.5) | 13 (61.9) | 25 (87.5) | |
Alcohol, N (%) | 0.128 c | |||||
No | 30 (96.8) | 19 (92.5) | 14 (87.5) | 21 (100.0) | 29 (100.0) | |
Yes | 1 (3.2) | 2 (9.5) | 2 (9.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Tumor location, N (%) | 0.157 b | |||||
Proximal | 0 (0.0) | 6 (28.6) | 4 (25.0) | 12 (57.1) | 11 (37.9) | |
Distal | 0 (0.0) | 5 (71.4) | 12 (75.0) | 9 (42.9) | 18 (62.1) | |
Grade, N (%) | <0.001 b,** | |||||
Low (= 0) | 0 (0.0) | 17 (81.0) | 12 (75.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (13.8) | |
Medium/high (≥1) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (19.0%) | 4 (25.0) | 21 (100.0) | 25 (86.2) | |
Fecal occult blood test, N (%) | 0.008 c,* | |||||
No | 31 (100.0) | 21 (100.0) | 16 (100.0) | 17 (81.0) | 25 (86.2) | |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (19.0) | 4 (13.8) | |
Tumor size, median (IQR) | --- | 4.0 (3.0–4.0) | 4.0 (3.3–5.0) | 6.0 (4.0–10.5) | 4.0 (3.0–5.0) | 0.002 d,** |
Group | Normal, n = 31 | HP, n = 21 | SSA, n = 16 | VP/TVP, n = 21 | TA, n = 29 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TLR2 (RQ) | 1.03 (0.08) a | 2.56 (0.44) | 3.70 (0.56) | 8.52 (0.73) | 7.56 (0.86) | <0.001 * |
TLR3 (RQ) | 1.03 (0.09) | 0.66 (0.13) | 0.41 (0.11) | 0.29 (0.10) | 0.32 (0.09) | <0.001 * |
TLR4 (RQ) | 1.01 (0.06) | 3.24 (0.45) | 4.91 (0.64) | 10.60 (0.37) | 9.81 (0.65) | <0.001 * |
TLR5 (RQ) | 1.01 (0.06) | 0.61 (0.18) | 0.40 (0.09) | 0.30 (0.09) | 0.31 (0.10) | <0.001 * |
Group | Polyp Size (mm) | Dysplasia Grade | Polyp Location | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
<0/5 n = 51 | ≥/5 n = 35 | p-Value * | Low n = 33 | Medium & High n = 54 | p-Value * | Distal n = 54 | Proximal n = 33 | p-Value * | |
TLR2 (RQ) | 3.59 (1.79) | 7.27 (1.93) | <0.001 | 5.07 (2.48) | 7.13 (2.24) | <0.001 | 5.42 (2.53) | 6.61 (2.55) | 0.034 |
TLR3 (RQ) | 0.53 (0.18) | 0.34 (0.14) | <0.001 | 0.45 (0.19) | 0.35 (0.15) | 0.014 | 0.43 (0.18) | 0.38 (0.18) | 0.167 |
TLR4 (RQ) | 4.69 (2.25) | 9.24 (2.31) | <0.001 | 6.60 (3.24) | 8.99 (2.43) | 0.001 | 6.93 (3.17) | 8.47 (3.01) | 0.007 |
TLR5 (RQ) | 0.51 (0.19) | 0.33 (0.12) | <0.001 | 0.44 (0.20) | 0.32 (0.10) | 0.002 | 0.40 (0.17) | 0.39 (0.18) | 0.782 |
Group | Candidate Bacteria | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
F. nucleatum CT | E. faecalis CT | S. bovis CT | Lactobacillus CT | ETBF CT | Bifidobacterium CT | Roseburia CT | Porphyromonas CT | |
TLR2 (RQ) | −0.61 ** | −0.48 ** | −0.73 ** | 0.61 ** | −0.79 ** | 0.46 ** | 0.43 ** | −0.69 ** |
TLR3 (RQ) | 0.46 ** | 0.43 ** | 0.60 ** | −0.57 ** | 0.68 ** | −0.36 ** | −0.36 ** | 0.60 ** |
TLR4 (RQ) | −0.58 ** | −0.46 ** | −0.74 ** | 0.61 ** | −0.75 ** | 0.48 ** | 0.45 ** | −0.70 ** |
TLR5 (RQ) | 0.47 ** | 0.40 ** | 0.61 ** | −0.63 ** | 0.69 ** | −0.37 ** | −0.35 ** | 0.57 ** |
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Rezasoltani, S.; Ghanbari, R.; Looha, M.A.; Mojarad, E.N.; Yadegar, A.; Stewart, D.; Aghdaei, H.A.; Zali, M.R. Expression of Main Toll-Like Receptors in Patients with Different Types of Colorectal Polyps and Their Relationship with Gut Microbiota. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 8968. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238968
Rezasoltani S, Ghanbari R, Looha MA, Mojarad EN, Yadegar A, Stewart D, Aghdaei HA, Zali MR. Expression of Main Toll-Like Receptors in Patients with Different Types of Colorectal Polyps and Their Relationship with Gut Microbiota. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(23):8968. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238968
Chicago/Turabian StyleRezasoltani, Sama, Reza Ghanbari, Mehdi Azizmohammad Looha, Ehsan Nazemalhosseini Mojarad, Abbas Yadegar, Delisha Stewart, Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei, and Mohammad Reza Zali. 2020. "Expression of Main Toll-Like Receptors in Patients with Different Types of Colorectal Polyps and Their Relationship with Gut Microbiota" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 23: 8968. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21238968