Assessment of Glial Activation Response in the Progress of Natural Scrapie after Chronic Dexamethasone Treatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Clinical Signs
2.2. Histopathological Findings (H-E)
2.3. Immunohistochemical (IHC) Findings
2.3.1. PrPsc Accumulation
2.3.2. GFAP
2.3.3. IBA-1
2.3.4. RT-qPCR
3. Discussion
4. Material and Methods
4.1. Histopathological Studies (H-E)
4.2. Immunohistochemical (IHC) Techniques
4.2.1. PrPsc Detection
4.2.2. Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein (GFAP) Detection for Astrogliosis
4.2.3. Ionized Calcium-Binding Adaptor Molecule-1 (IBA-1) Detection for Microgliosis
4.2.4. RT-qPCR
4.2.5. RNA Purification
4.2.6. Retrotranscription
4.2.7. RT-qPCR
4.3. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Group | Sheep No | Main Clinical Signs |
---|---|---|
Clinical non-treated | 11 | Tremors, pruritus, ataxia, lost look |
12 | Pruritus with skin lesions, alopecia, hyperexcitation | |
13 | Pruritus, alopecia, prostration | |
14 | Tremors, alopecia, prostration | |
15 | Pruritus | |
Clinical DEX-treated | 16 | Pruritus, ataxia, tremors |
17 | Pruritus, alopecia | |
18 | Tremors, ataxia, hyperexcitation | |
19 | Pruritus, alopecia, hyperexcitation | |
20 | Tremors, intense widespread alopecia, prostration | |
21 | Hyperexcitation, prostration | |
22 | Tremors, constant pruritus, bruxism | |
23 | Scarce pruritus | |
24 | Intense pruritus with skin lesions | |
25 | Pruritus, alopecia, prostration |
Sheep No | PRNP Genotype | Age (Years) | Group | Treatment and Duration |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | ARQ/ARQ | 9 | Control | Untreated (13 months) |
2 | ARQ/ARH | 10 | Control | Untreated (16 months) |
3 | ARQ/ARQ | 7 | Control | Untreated (17 months) |
4 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Control | Untreated (17 months) |
5 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Control | Untreated (16 months) |
6 | ARQ/ARQ | 8 | Control | Untreated (9.5 months) |
7 | ARQ/ARQ | 8 | Control | Treated (10 months) |
8 | ARQ/ARQ | 5 | Control | Treated (16 months) |
9 | ARQ/ARQ | 8 | Control | Treated (16 months) |
10 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Control | Treated (16 months) |
11 | ARQ/ARQ | 9 | Clinical | Untreated (2 months) |
12 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Untreated (<1 month) |
13 | ARQ/ARQ | 5 | Clinical | Untreated (1.5 months) |
14 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Untreated (<1 month) |
15 | ARQ/ARQ | 5 | Clinical | Untreated (2.5 months) |
16 | ARQ/ARQ | 6 | Clinical | Treated (<1 month) |
17 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (<1 month) |
18 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (<1 month) |
19 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (<1 month) |
20 | ARQ/ARQ | 5 | Clinical | Treated (1 month) |
21 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (2 months) |
22 | ARQ/ARQ | 7 | Clinical | Treated (2 months) |
23 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (2 months) |
24 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (2 months) |
25 | ARQ/ARQ | 4 | Clinical | Treated (5 months) |
Antibody | Antigen | Type | Dilution | Retrieval Method | Source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
L42 | PrPsc | Monoclonal | 1:500 | Formic acid, 15 min Proteinase K, 15 min Heat treatment, 20 min Peroxidase blocking | DAKO |
Anti-GFAP | GFAP | Polyclonal | 1:500 | Peroxidase blocking | DAKO |
Anti-IBA-1 | IBA-1 | Polyclonal | 1:1000 | Heat treatment, 20 min Peroxidase blocking | WAKO |
Gene | Full Name | Reference | Source |
---|---|---|---|
AIF-1 | Allograft inflammatory factor-1 | Oa03222904_g1 | Thermo Fisher |
ALDH1L1 | Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family member L1 | Oa03267152_m1 | Thermo Fisher |
CD68 | CD68 molecule | Oa04741636_g1 | Thermo Fisher |
GFAP | Glial fibrillary acidic protein | Oa03251662_m1 | Thermo Fisher |
GUS-β | β-Glucuronidase (reference gene) | Oa04828868_m1 | Thermo Fisher |
HPRT-1 | Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase-1 (reference gene) | Oa04825272_gH | Thermo Fisher |
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Guijarro, I.M.; Garcés, M.; Andrés-Benito, P.; Marín, B.; Otero, A.; Barrio, T.; Carmona, M.; Ferrer, I.; Badiola, J.J.; Monzón, M. Assessment of Glial Activation Response in the Progress of Natural Scrapie after Chronic Dexamethasone Treatment. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 3231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093231
Guijarro IM, Garcés M, Andrés-Benito P, Marín B, Otero A, Barrio T, Carmona M, Ferrer I, Badiola JJ, Monzón M. Assessment of Glial Activation Response in the Progress of Natural Scrapie after Chronic Dexamethasone Treatment. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020; 21(9):3231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093231
Chicago/Turabian StyleGuijarro, Isabel M., Moisés Garcés, Pol Andrés-Benito, Belén Marín, Alicia Otero, Tomás Barrio, Margarita Carmona, Isidro Ferrer, Juan J. Badiola, and Marta Monzón. 2020. "Assessment of Glial Activation Response in the Progress of Natural Scrapie after Chronic Dexamethasone Treatment" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 9: 3231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21093231