CYLD Inhibits the Development of Skin Squamous Cell Tumors in Immunocompetent Mice
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Expression of the Transgene in the Skin of K5-CYLDwt Mice
2.2. CYLDwt Transgene Expression Favors Epidermal Differentiation in K5-CYLDwt Mice
2.3. The Skin of K5-CYLDwt Mice Shows Decreased NF-kB Activation and Increased Protection Against Harmful External Stimuli
2.4. Inhibition of Skin Squamous Cell Tumor Development in K5-CYLDwt Mice
2.5. Skin Squamous K5-CYLDwt/TgAC Cell Tumors Show Reduced Proliferation and Increased Differentiation
2.6. Skin Squamous Cell Tumors Developed in K5-CYLDwt/TgAC Mice Show Less Tumor Angiogenesis and Lower Inflammation
3. Discussion
3.1. Inhibition of NF-kB Activation in Keratinocytes and Skin Squamous Cell Tumors of K5-CYLDwt/TgAC Mice
3.2. More Differentiated and Less Proliferative Phenotype of K5-CYLDwt/TgAC Tumors
3.3. Diminished Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis in K5-CYLDwt/TgAC-Derived Tumors
3.4. Relevance of Wild Type CYLD Expression for Clinical Management of Skin SCCs
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Generation of Transgenic Mice
4.2. Histology and Immunohistochemical Staining
4.3. Western Blot Analysis
4.4. TNF-α In Vivo Treatment
4.5. TPA Hyperplastic Treatment
4.6. Primary Keratinocyte Cultures
4.7. Apoptosis Assays in Primary Keratinocytes
4.8. Carcinogenesis Assays
4.9. BrdU Labeling
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
BCC | basal cell carcinomas |
BrdU | 5-bromo-2-desoxiuridina |
Chx | cycloheximide |
DMBA | 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene |
CYLD | cylindromatosis |
DUB | deubiquitinase |
HA | hemagglutinin A |
H&E | hematoxylin & eosin |
HF | hair follicles |
K5 | keratin 5 |
NMSC | non melanoma skin cancer |
ORS | outer root sheath |
SRF | Serum Response Factor |
SCC | squamous cell carcinomas |
Sma | α-smooth muscle actin |
SEM | standard error of the mean |
TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
TPA | 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate |
WB | Western blot |
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Alameda, J.P.; García-García, V.A.; López, S.; Hernando, A.; Page, A.; Navarro, M.; Moreno-Maldonado, R.; Paramio, J.M.; Ramírez, Á.; García-Fernández, R.A.; et al. CYLD Inhibits the Development of Skin Squamous Cell Tumors in Immunocompetent Mice. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136736
Alameda JP, García-García VA, López S, Hernando A, Page A, Navarro M, Moreno-Maldonado R, Paramio JM, Ramírez Á, García-Fernández RA, et al. CYLD Inhibits the Development of Skin Squamous Cell Tumors in Immunocompetent Mice. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(13):6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136736
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlameda, Josefa P., Verónica A. García-García, Silvia López, Ana Hernando, Angustias Page, Manuel Navarro, Rodolfo Moreno-Maldonado, Jesús M. Paramio, Ángel Ramírez, Rosa A. García-Fernández, and et al. 2021. "CYLD Inhibits the Development of Skin Squamous Cell Tumors in Immunocompetent Mice" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13: 6736. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136736