Gastrin and the Moderate Hypergastrinemias
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. G Cell Synthesis of Gastrin
3. Extraintestinal Gastrin Expression
4. Plasma Pattern and Concentration Levels of Gastrin in Hypergastrinemia
5. Measurement of Gastrin in Plasma
6. Helicobacter pylori-Induced Hypergastrinemia
7. Proton-Pump Inhibitor-Induced Hypergastrinemia
8. Problem with Commercial Gastrin Kits
9. Conclusions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Category | Condition | Basal Plasma Concentration Levels (pmol/L) |
---|---|---|
Agastrinemia | Genetically modified animals | 0 |
Hypogastrinemia | Antroduodenally resected patients Antro-mucosal atrophy patients | 0–5 |
Normogastrinemia | Fasting normal subjects and mammals | 5–15 |
Hypergastrinemia (I) (moderate) | Helicobacter pylori-infected subjects Proton-pump inhibitor-treated patients Early gastrinomas | 20–100 |
Hypergastrinemia (II) (excessive) | Atrophic gastritis Gastrinomas with fulminant Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Gastric polyposis | >100 |
Gastrinoma Patients | Amidated Gastrins (pmol/L) | Gastrin-17 (pmol/L) |
---|---|---|
1 | 475 | 10 |
2 | 235 | 42 |
3 | 270 | 90 |
4 | 82 | 15 |
5 | 57 | 24 |
6 | 60 | 26 |
7 | 305 | 6 |
Median | 235 | 24 |
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Rehfeld, J.F. Gastrin and the Moderate Hypergastrinemias. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 6977. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136977
Rehfeld JF. Gastrin and the Moderate Hypergastrinemias. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(13):6977. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136977
Chicago/Turabian StyleRehfeld, Jens F. 2021. "Gastrin and the Moderate Hypergastrinemias" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13: 6977. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136977