Vitamin D Signaling in Gastro-Rheumatology: From Immuno-Modulation to Potential Clinical Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Vitamin D and VDR Expression and Biologic Effects
1.2. Gut–Joint Axis
2. Literature Search
3. Vitamin D and Intestinal Permeability
4. Vitamin D, Mucosal Immunity, and Immunomodulation
5. Vitamin D and Gut Microbiota Homeostasis
6. Potential Clinical Implications
6.1. Vitamin D Levels in IBD and SpA
6.2. Vitamin D Supplementation in IBD and SpA
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Pagnini, C.; Picchianti-Diamanti, A.; Bruzzese, V.; Lorenzetti, R.; Luchetti, M.M.; Martin Martin, L.S.; Pica, R.; Scolieri, P.; Scribano, M.L.; Zampaletta, C.; et al. Vitamin D Signaling in Gastro-Rheumatology: From Immuno-Modulation to Potential Clinical Applications. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2021, 22, 2456. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052456
Pagnini C, Picchianti-Diamanti A, Bruzzese V, Lorenzetti R, Luchetti MM, Martin Martin LS, Pica R, Scolieri P, Scribano ML, Zampaletta C, et al. Vitamin D Signaling in Gastro-Rheumatology: From Immuno-Modulation to Potential Clinical Applications. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021; 22(5):2456. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052456
Chicago/Turabian StylePagnini, Cristiano, Andrea Picchianti-Diamanti, Vincenzo Bruzzese, Roberto Lorenzetti, Michele Maria Luchetti, Louis Severino Martin Martin, Roberta Pica, Palma Scolieri, Maria Lia Scribano, Costantino Zampaletta, and et al. 2021. "Vitamin D Signaling in Gastro-Rheumatology: From Immuno-Modulation to Potential Clinical Applications" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 5: 2456. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052456