Heparan Sulfate and Sialic Acid in Viral Attachment: Two Sides of the Same Coin?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
Heparan Sulfate |
---|
Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 [10] |
Dengue virus [11] |
Zika virus [12] |
Hepatitis C virus [13] |
Rabies virus [14] |
Human papillomavirus [15] |
SARS-CoV-2 [16] |
Cytomegalovirus [17] |
Sialic Acid |
Enterovirus D68 [18] |
Influenza A virus [19] |
Adenovirus [20] |
Human polyomavirus [21] |
Reovirus [22] |
Porcine rubulavirus [23] |
Parainfluenza virus type 3 [24] |
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) [25] |
2. Structure and Function of Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
3. Structure and Function of Sialic Acid
4. Herpes Simplex Virus
4.1. HSV Receptors
4.2. HSV and Sialic Acids
5. Influenza A Virus
5.1. IAV Receptors
5.2. IAV and Heparan Sulfates
6. SARS-CoV-2
6.1. SARS-CoV-2 Receptors
6.2. SARS-CoV-2 and Sialic Acids
7. Human Papillomavirus
7.1. HPV Receptors
7.2. HPV and Sialic Acids
8. Adenovirus
8.1. Adenovirus Receptors
8.2. Adenovirus and Heparan Sulfates
9. Conclusions and Perspectives
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ramos-Martínez, I.E.; Ramos-Martínez, E.; Segura-Velázquez, R.Á.; Saavedra-Montañez, M.; Cervantes-Torres, J.B.; Cerbón, M.; Papy-Garcia, D.; Zenteno, E.; Sánchez-Betancourt, J.I. Heparan Sulfate and Sialic Acid in Viral Attachment: Two Sides of the Same Coin? Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022, 23, 9842. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179842
Ramos-Martínez IE, Ramos-Martínez E, Segura-Velázquez RÁ, Saavedra-Montañez M, Cervantes-Torres JB, Cerbón M, Papy-Garcia D, Zenteno E, Sánchez-Betancourt JI. Heparan Sulfate and Sialic Acid in Viral Attachment: Two Sides of the Same Coin? International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2022; 23(17):9842. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179842
Chicago/Turabian StyleRamos-Martínez, Ivan Emmanuel, Edgar Ramos-Martínez, René Álvaro Segura-Velázquez, Manuel Saavedra-Montañez, Jacquelynne Brenda Cervantes-Torres, Marco Cerbón, Dulce Papy-Garcia, Edgar Zenteno, and José Ivan Sánchez-Betancourt. 2022. "Heparan Sulfate and Sialic Acid in Viral Attachment: Two Sides of the Same Coin?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 17: 9842. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23179842